1,721,063 research outputs found
\u3cem\u3eFamilies in Troubled Times: Adapting to Change in Rural America.\u3c/em\u3e Rand D. Conger and Glen H. Elder.
Full text linkRand D. Conger and Glen H. Elder, Families in Troubled Times: Adapting to Change in Rural America. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 1994. 23.95 papercover
The intergenerational transmission of relationship attributions
No full textThis study explores the possibility that attributions in close relationships are transmitted intergenerationally. Using structural equation modeling with 380 intact families, we found that the relationship between parent attributions regarding an adolescent child and the adolescent's attributions regarding a sibling is mediated by the level of observed negative behavior the parents direct toward the adolescent. Parent attributions of intent for adolescent misbehavior are related to increasing negativity in parents' behavior, even after controlling for the adolescent's observed behavior. Parents' negative behavior is related to increases in adolescent negative attributions regarding a sibling, even after controlling for the sibling's observed behavior. Tests of causal direction reveal that parent attributions and parent behavior have an equal influence on each other. Implications for intervention are discussed.</p
Processes by which different aspects of marital conflict affect adolescent adjustment: the mediating role of different dimensions of parental behavior
No full textIn recent years researchers have argued that rather than asking if marital conflict influences child adjustment, research questions need to move to ones that address what specific aspects of marital conflict are related to child adjustment, and what are the processes or mechanisms by which marital conflict affects children. This study used data from the first three waves of the Iowa Youth and Families Project to examine how different aspects of marital conflict affect adolescent adjustment through different dimensions of parental behavior. Observed marital conflict was the only aspect of marital discord to have a significant indirect effect on the adolescent outcomes. Mother's negative affect mediated the effect of observed marital conflict on three adolescent outcomes: boys' externalization problems, girls' externalization problems, and boys' internalization problems. Mothers' positive affect mediated the effect of observed marital conflict on boys' emotional well-being and girls' externalization problems. Fathers' management mediated the effect of observed marital conflict on boys' and girls' externalization problems. The remaining parental behaviors, mother's management, fathers' negative affect, and fathers' positive affect mediated the effect of observed marital conflict on girls' externalization problems. In addition to these indirect effects, marital conflict over child-rearing had direct influences upon boys' emotional well-being, girls' emotional well-being, boys' externalizing problems, and girls' internalizing problems. Observed marital conflict had significant direct effects on girls' externalizing and internalizing problems. General marital distress had significant direct effects on girls' internalizing problems, although the effect was in the opposite direction from what was predicted.</p
The impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment
Full text linkThe present study examines the impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment problems. Based on this general interest, the study further explores several related research questions, such as what specific aspects of marital conflict lead to adolescent adjustment problems, whether changes in marital conflict predict changes in adolescent problems, what kinds of adolescent problems are exhibited, and by what processes the relation between marital conflict and adolescent adjustment problems operates. While focusing on these research issues, this study also tries to overcome some of the methodological limitations in previous studies. The study used data from the Iowa Youth and Families Project. The results from structural equation modeling and latent growth curve analyses demonstrated that (1) two specific aspects of marital conflict, overt marital conflict and conflict over child-rearing, as well as general marital distress, had negative influences on adolescent adjustment; (2) increases in general marital distress and overt marital conflict predicted increases in adolescent problems over time; (3) poor parenting behavior mediated the relation between marital problems and adolescent poor well-being, externalizing problems, and internalizing problems, whereas adolescent feelings of insecurity mediated the relation between marital problems and adolescent poor emotional well-being and internalizing problems; (4) no moderating effect by poor parenting behavior or adolescent feelings of insecurity was found; and (5) the findings did not differ by adolescent gender.</p
Mutual influences of personality and life experiences during the transition to adulthood
No full textResearch evidence has indicated significant change in personality traits during the transition from late adolescence to early adulthood. Life experiences, particularly those involved in work, school, interpersonal relationships, positive and negative life events, and risky behavior are seen as having the potential to evoke personality change. The influence of these life experiences may also be contingent on the personality dispositions that persons bring to the change situation themselves. Based on this view, we proposed that personality characteristics at adolescence would help shape life experiences during early adulthood which, in turn, would lead to further growth, stability, or regression on these personality traits. Consistent with most previous research, our results indicate that personality traits reported by both self and others (parents, spouses/partners, boyfriend or girlfriends, or friends) change significantly during the period of late adolescence to early adulthood. Consistent with our reciprocal hypothesis, the results also indicate that early personality traits are significantly related to an array of life experiences, which, in turn, are associated with increases or decreases in specific personality traits over time. However, these results may differ depending on who reports respondent personality. In addition, the results also indicate that different domains of personality influence or are affected by different domains of life experiences.</p
Stressors, distress, and resources: reciprocal and buffering influences during the transition from adolescence to adulthood
No full textConsistent with a life course and social contextual approach, this study proposes a reciprocal relationship between stressful life events and emotional distress during the transition from adolescence to early adulthood. Study predictions included continuity of events and distress, and reciprocal causation between events and distress. SEM analysis of longitudinal, prospective data from 526 white, rural targets largely supported study expectations. Stressful events and distress showed stability over time, and a degree of reciprocity between events and distress was observed. At each of three time points, stressful events predicted psychological distress, and psychological distress at mid- and late-adolescence predicted events at early adulthood. Possible direct and buffering effects of resource were also examined, including, financial, self-concept, and social support. Analysis of resource models revealed a direct and buffering influence of financial resources.</p
Commentary on Grolnick and Pomerantz, “Issues and Challenges in Studying Parental Control: Toward a New Conceptualization”
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