103 research outputs found
The Theme of Gender Violence in Manjula Padmanabhan's Play Lights Out
No full textMany Indian women writers have contributed to the development of Indian writing in English and taken it to the respectable position. Manjula Padmanabhan is one of them. She was born in Delhi in 1953. She has spent early years of her life in Europe and Southeast Asia. Later, she returned to India. She is a playwright, journalist, comic strip artist and children's book author. In Indian writing in English, Manjula Padmanabhan emerges as a sensitive writer who aims at the presenting the realistic problems instead of portraying the romantic, fanciful notions. She is one of the Indian woman playwright who attempted to bring a positive behavioural change in women towards themselves as well as society toward women. Her plays are issues oriented and deal with social reality. Thus, her style and content are realistic in a believable manner. Her plays are majorly women centric and thus present their perspective and narrative. Thus, this paper is a study of Manjula Padmanabhan's Lights Out (2000) in the light of gender insensitivity and violence
The Theme of Gender Violence in Manjula Padmanabhan’s Play Lights Out
No full textMany Indian women writers have contributed to the development of Indian writing in English and taken it to the respectable position. Manjula Padmanabhan is one of them. She was born in Delhi in 1953. She has spent early years of her life in Europe and Southeast Asia. Later, she returned to India. She is a playwright, journalist, comic strip artist and children's book author. In Indian writing in English, Manjula Padmanabhan emerges as a sensitive writer who aims at the presenting the realistic problems instead of portraying the romantic, fanciful notions. She is one of the Indian woman playwright who attempted to bring a positive behavioural change in women towards themselves as well as society toward women. Her plays are issues oriented and deal with social reality. Thus, her style and content are realistic in a believable manner. Her plays are majorly women centric and thus present their perspective and narrative. Thus, this paper is a study of Manjula Padmanabhan’s Lights Out (2000) in the light of gender insensitivity and violence
The Marxist analysis of Manjula Padmanabhan’s “Lights Out”
No full textThe societal rules have been largely shaped by the male-dominated legislators and forces where there is a limited right to exist for a woman. The woman though married or unmarried or a prostitute the way the society looks at her is not changing though we are globalized. Indian women, in some ways, have also made some strides. Millions of women have joined the workforce. Leaders like the Prathibha Singh Patel, Sushma Swaraj, Anandiben are role models who show that women can rise to great heights. But one of the greatest tragedies in our country is that women are on their own when it comes to their safety. According to many studies, it’s understood that most of the rape cases of rape are never reported because of the stigma surrounding gang rape. Considering this wide scenario, this article touches on Indian women’s vulnerability with a Marxist approach. I have applied the Marxist approach to analyse literary text, Lights Out by Manjula Padmanabhan in Indian English Theatre. In her work, the author proposes the urgent need to address women’s subordinated position as they are subjected to different forms of discrimination. In this article, I have focused on difference issues such as gender discrimination, injustice, and fear of the law, police and judicial apathy. I conclude by suggesting recommendations for the improvement of women’s situation in India
Qualities of communication in palliative care conversations in dialysis
No full textUndergraduateKatharine L Cheung, Samantha Smoger, Manjula Kurella Tamura, Michael LaMantia, Terry Rabinowitz, Renee D. Stapleton, Robert Gramling Abstract: Background: Little is known about the content of communication in palliative care telehealth conversations, particularly in a population of patients receiving dialysis. Understanding the content and process of these conversations through qualitative analyses may lead to insights about how palliative care improves quality of life. Methods: We conducted a qualitative analysis of video-recordings obtained during a pilot palliative teleconsultation program. Patient participants were recruited from five dialysis facilities affiliated with an academic medical center. The target population included patients with kidney failure receiving in-center dialysis. Palliative care clinicians conducted teleconsultation using a large wall-mounted screen with a camera mounted on a pole and positioned mid-screen in the line of sight to facilitate direct eye contact. Patients used an iPad that was attached to an IV pole positioned next to the dialysis chair. Conversations were coded for using a pre-existing framework of themes and content from the Serious Illness Conversation Guide and revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-renal. Results: We recruited 39 patients to undergo a telepalliative care consultation while receiving dialysis, 34 of whom ultimately completed the teleconsultation. Four specialty palliative care clinicians (three physicians and one nurse practitioner) conducted 35 visits with 34 patients. Median (IQR) duration of conversation was 42 (28, 57) minutes. Most frequently discussed content included sources of strength (91%), critical abilities (88%), illness understanding (85%), fears and worries (85%), what family knows (85%), fatigue (77%) and pain (65%). Process features such as summarizing statements (85%) and making a recommendation (82%) were common, while connectional silence (56%), and emotion expression (21%) occurred less often. Conclusions: Unscripted palliative care conversations in outpatient dialysis units via telemedicine exhibited many domains recommended by the Serious Illness Conversation Guide, with less frequent discussion of symptoms. Emotion expression was uncommon for these conversations that occurred in an open setting. This study was funded by the National Palliative Care Research Center
No Woman's Land: Women, Nation and Dystopia in Manjula Padmanabhan's Escape
No full textManjula Padmanabhan has been one of the most potent literary voices in contemporary India. An artist, cartoonist, playwright, short story writer, journalist, children’s author, novelist, she has always pursued us to rethink what it means to be a woman in modern nation state and to interrogate women’s relationship with technology and state power. My paper will do a textual analysis of one such work by her – Escape (2008), her first attempt at writing fiction for adults. The novel is a dark dystopian fable which introduces the reader to a post-apocalyptic scenario in which women have been almost completely eradicated by the phallogocentric state apparatus and human beings are substituted for a new, genetically-engineered, race. The protagonist Meiji is the only survivor of the near-complete femicide and the novel documents Meiji’s and her uncle Youngest’s quest to escape the tyranny of the state machinery. The paper will examine the feminist dystopia as Padmanabhan’s veiled critique of the subordinated status of women in India, where fifty million girls went ‘missing’ from population according to the UN report. According to the 2011 census, India’s current child sex-ratio is 914 females per 1000 males, which is the lowest since the 1961 census. Setting her novel in this setting, Padmanabhan has presented a protest against the marginal status of women in modern India
Exploring influencing factors to optimize the public transport sector with the aspects of mode choice behavior and road safety measures: A field study on Colombo Metropolitan Area in Sri Lanka
No full text国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学博士（工学）doctoral thesi
Exploring influencing factors to optimize the public transport sector with the aspects of mode choice behavior and road safety measures: A field study on Colombo Metropolitan Area in Sri Lanka
No full textArticl
Are there synergies between World Bank partial credit guarantees and private lending?
No full textSince 1994, the World Bank has provided partial credit guarantees to private financiers of several large infrastructure projects in developing countries. A major objective of the partial guarantee program is to leverage Bank resources so as to provide developing countries with better private credit terms. A real test of the efficacy of World Bank partial credit guarantees is whether they also lower the interest rate and lengthen the effective maturity of the part of the credit not covered by the World Bank guarantee. On the basis of deals closed so far, the author finds no evidence that guarantees have affected nonguaranteed interest rates favorably, while the duration of the nonguaranteed credits remains relatively short.International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Strategic Debt Management,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Strategic Debt Management,Insurance&Risk Mitigation
Industry structure and regulation
No full textAs private firms become increasingly involved in the development of key infrastructure, redefining the role of government from that of serviceprovider to regulator presents both challenges and opportunities. The factors that give rise to sector reforms color how much policymakers invest in regulatory design during the reform process. Nevertheless, two factors are essential to sustainable sector and regulatory reform. First, the right structure must be established for the industry concerned, a structure that allows competition appropriate for that industry. Second, the objectives of regulation must be well defined, with a clear distinction between policymaking, policy implementation, and operations. The extent to which competition can be harnessed to help make regulation efficient, effective, and sustainable depends on the intrinsic technical characteristics of the sector. Each decision affects the sustainability of the regulatory regime in the face of the threat of regulatory capture (both political and commercial). Careful regulatory design is crucial not only for successful sectoral reform but also to balance the interests of various actors (government, consumers, developers, investors, and financiers). One model that has been relatively successful combines new entry, unbundled services, and the unambiguous spelling out of the legal rights and duties for both public and private service providers, administered by an autonomous regulatory authority. Problems with regulation often result as much from inadequate attention to sector structure and fostering competition as from weaknesses in the regulatory authority's institutional capacity. As for the tools of regulation, despite differences in some details between licenses and concessions (and their many contractual variations), these are basically instruments that establish the rights and obligations of contracting parties. Choices about where these rights and obligations are located in the legal hierarchy are shaped by a country's institutional capacity and legal traditions. But the existence of instruments to establish those rights and obligations does not eliminate the need for institutionsto administer them, and thus carry out the regulatory function. Establishing effective sectorwide regulation can be difficult in a developing country, but it is necessary. Policymakers will be able to create effective regulatory regimes where adequate attention is given to sector structure, competition, and institution-building.Environmental Economics&Policies,Trade Finance and Investment,Knowledge Economy,ICT Policy and Strategies,Decentralization,Environmental Economics&Policies,Administrative&Regulatory Law,ICT Policy and Strategies,Water and Industry,Knowledge Economy
Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries : evidence from Indonesia
No full textThe authors test a model of supply-demand relations in an implicit market for environmental services when formal regulation is absent. They use plant-level data from Indonesia for 1989-90, before the advent of nationwide environmental regulation. Treating pollution as a derived demand for environmental services, their model relates emissions of biological oxygen demand to the price (expected cost) of pollution; to prices of other inputs (labor,energy, materials); and to enterprise characteristics that may affect pollution demand, including scale, vintage ownership, and efficiency. The price of pollution is determined by the intersection of plant-level demand and a local environmental supply function, enforced by community pressure or informal regulation. Environmental supply is affected by community income, education, the size of the exposed population, the local economic importance of the plant, and its visibility as a polluter. Their results are strongly consistent with the existence of an informal"pollution equilibrium."Pollution intensity declines with increase in plant size, efficiency, and local materials prices. Older plants and publicly owned facilities are more pollution intensive; multinational ownership has no independent effect. The results also suggest that the price of pollution is higher when plants are particularly visible and is far lower in poorer, less-educated communities. Thus the intensity of pollution is far higher in such communities. While it would be premature to generalize from these results, they suggest that the model of optimal pollution control in environmental economics is more relevant for developing countries than many have believed. Community-factory interactions seem to reflect environmental supply-demand considerations even when formal regulation does not exist. In addition, the apparent power of informal regulation implies that cost-effective formal systems should be designed to complement, not supplant, community control. In particular: 1) Local communities should not be forced to rely so heavily on visibility when judging environmental performance. Formal regulation should include publication of audited emissions reports from factories; 2) Environmental injustice may be real and important. Many poor, uneducated communities may need extra support from national regulators.; and 3) However, appropriate regulation should strike the right balance between equity and efficiency. Uniform national standards go too far because they eliminate all the natural and legitimate regional diversity that is also reflected in informal arrangements.Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Sanitation and Sewerage,Water Conservation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,TF030632-DANISH CTF - FY05 (DAC PART COUNTRIES GNP PER CAPITA BELOW USD 2,500/AL,Sanitation and Sewerage,Urban Services to the Poor
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