1,720,960 research outputs found
Updating of the practical pediatric book with a Colombian epidemiological approach.
No full textEn el campo de la pediatría, han sido muchos los cambios en la epidemiología de las enfermedades, así como el diagnóstico y sus tratamientos. Estos cambios deben ser conocidos por el gremio médico que está a cargo de la población pediátrica.
Adicionalmente el difícil acceso que existe a la información actualizada de las diferentes patologías pediátricas ya sea por barreras con el idioma o en el acceso a la información virtual hace difícil poder aplicar la medicina basada en la evidencia. Esto genera una limitación no solo para la comunidad médica sino también para los pacientes que puede que no tengan el manejo actualizado que sus patologías.
La recopilación de información actualizada basada en la población colombiana ayudará al gremio médico a tener una guía rápida para el abordaje de las patologías más comunes del paciente pediátrico.
Con base en esto, surgió la inquietud sobre la actualización del libro Pediatría práctica con la nueva información de los últimos 5 años en el área de las enfermedades más prevalentes en la población infantil colombiana. Esto ayudará a resolver el problema de falta información a ciertas comunidades médicas del país que no tiene acceso a la información, o en comunidades que sí tiene acceso, pero por la gran información disponible les es difícil poder consensuar los puntos más importantes.Especialista en PediatríaEspecializaciónIn the field of pediatrics, there have been many changes in the epidemiology of diseases, as well as diagnosis and their treatments. These changes must be known to the medical guild that is in charge of the pediatric population.
Additionally, the difficult access that exists to updated information on different pediatric pathologies, either due to language barriers or access to virtual information, makes it difficult to apply evidence-based medicine. This creates a limitation not only for the medical community but also for patients who may not have the updated management of their pathologies.
The compilation of updated information based on the Colombian population will help the medical union to have a quick guide to address the most common pathologies of pediatric patients.
Based on this, the concern arose about updating the book Practical Pediatrics with the new information from the last 5 years in the area of the most prevalent diseases in the Colombian child population. This will help solve the problem of lack of information in certain medical communities in the country that do not have access to information, or in communities that do have access, but due to the great information available, it is difficult for them to agree on the most important points
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Métodos adecuados para la extracción, almacenamiento, y reutilización de la leche materna: revisión narrativa
No full textEste documento se basa principalmente en los métodos adecuados para la extracción, almacenamiento y reutilización de la leche materna. Consiste en un estudio tipo revisión narrativa, que tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura internacional con la más y mejor evidencia científica y unificarla para ofrecer las mejores conclusiones (26-91). Realizamos una búsqueda en los últimos 10 años garantizando una revisión actualizada. Los artículos seleccionados y que cumplieron los requisitos muestran que la extracción de leche materna se debe realizar alternando la técnica manual y mecánica.(26,29,30,31,38) La técnica manual presenta menor riesgo de contaminación y la mecánica permite obtener mayor volumen de leche y mayor porcentaje de grasa para el bebé. La leche materna debe ser almacenada envases de vidrio o plástico. El tiempo de caducidad dependerá del método de refrigeración; en congelación (-20 °C) durante 15 días, refrigeración a (4°C - 6°C) hasta 96 horas y al ambiente máximo 3 horas. Teniendo la leche materna congelada se debe tener en cuenta el proceso de descongelación se recomienda dejar desde la noche anterior en refrigeración o calentando en agua tibia (baño María), evitar temperaturas superiores a 40 grados centígrados para no alterar los componentes bioquímicos y vocativos. También refiere que se debe tener en cuenta, que una vez descongelada la leche, no se puede volver a congelar y debe ser consumida en un tiempo no mayor de 24 horas y el sobrante se debe descartar en caso de que se presente. La evidencia científica es clara en cuanto a no recomendar el uso de microondas por el alto riesgo de sobrecalentamiento que se presenta dada la ausencia de un control de temperatura la cual lleva a una desnaturalización de las proteínas y demás componentes.Médico cirujanoPregradoThis document is primarily based on the adequate methods for the extraction, conservation and reutilization of maternal breast-milk. As a narrative review, this document has the objective to carry out a bibliographic review of the literature at the international level with the best scientific evidence, in order to gather it and offer the best conclusion on the topic (26-91). The literature revised for the topic research was set for the last 10 year period, to ensure an up-to-date revision. The selected articles that met the inclusion criteria make evident that the extraction of maternal breast milk must be done alternating between the manual and mechanical techniques (26, 29, 30, 31, 38). The manual technique exhibits less risk of contamination when carried out, and allows for the most volume to be collected with a higher percentage of fat, beneficial for the infant. Breast milk is best conserved in glass or plastic containers. The “shelf life” of breast milk depends largely on the method of refrigeration; freezing (-20 ºC) conserves maternal milk for up to 15 days, whereas refrigeration (4ºC – 6ºC) conserves it for up to 96 hours, and room temperature for a maximum of 6 hours. Considering that the best method for conservation of breast milk is freezing, the process of defrosting must be taken into account; it is recommended to leave in the milk in refrigeration the night before and to heat up using the bain-marie technique, avoiding temperatures that surpass 40ºC so as to not alter its biochemical components. Research also suggests that once defrosted, breast milk must not be refrozen and should be consumed in a time period no longer than 24 hours; leftovers of reheated maternal milk should be discarded. Scientific evidence is clear with regards to the use of microwave ovens to heat up breast milk, because of the high risk of overheating that can present without a temperature control setting, which can cause denaturalization of proteins and other components
Impacto de los antibióticos en el microbioma bacteriano de lactantes que asisten al servicio de urgencias y hospitalización De Los Cobos Medical Center (Estudio: “MIBALACT”)
No full textEl microbioma intestinal bacteriano brinda protección contra patógenos intestinales y promueve el metabolismo
de nutrientes. La diversidad y proporción de la población bacteriana está asociada a múltiples factores como el
tipo de nacimiento (parto o cesárea), la lactancia durante los primeros meses de vida (lactancia materna o
fórmulas lácteas) y la introducción de la alimentación complementaria. Experimentos en modelos animales han
reportado una asociación entre la composición del microbioma con comorbilidades como la obesidad y
disfunciones metabólicas, por lo cual ha surgido un gran interés en el análisis del microbioma desde edades
tempranas. Uno de los factores que altera la población bacteriana, en el tracto gastrointestinal, ocasionando
pérdida en la resistencia a la colonización, es el uso de antibióticos. Actualmente se desconoce la composición
del microbioma intestinal de los lactantes colombianos, por lo cual el objetivo del presente proyecto es establecer
el impacto del uso de antibióticos orales o parenterales, en la microbiota gastrointestinal bacteriana de niños
lactantes entre los 6 y 24 meses de edad, que consultan al Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas y Hospitalización de
Los Cobos Medical Center en el periodo de estudio. Este estudio será con enfoque cuantitativo, analítico no
aleatorizado de tipo “antes y después”, en el que se analizaran, la composición del microbioma bacteriano en las
heces de niños lactantes entre los 6 y 24 meses de edad previo al uso de antibióticos y posterior al tratamiento. En
las muestras, se analizará el ADNr 16S (región V3-V4), específico para bacterias, mediante tecnologías de
secuenciación y bioinformática. Una vez identificado el microbioma bacteriano se realizarán análisis estadísticos
para correlacionar la composición bacteriana con las comorbilidades identificadas en los pacientesEspecialista en PediatríaEspecializació
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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