103 research outputs found
Application of a new xylanase activity from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XR44A in brewer's spent grain saccharification
No full textCellulases and xylanases are the key enzymes involved in the conversion of lignocelluloses into fermentable sugars. Western Ghat region (India) has been recognized as an active hot spot for the isolation of new microorganisms. The aim of this work was to isolate new microorganisms producing cellulases and xylanases to be applied in brewer's spent grain saccharification
OrpheusDB: an attempt towards data version control on relational database
No full textThis thesis will cover the deign, manual, and implementation detail of OrpheusDB.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Sili Hui, accepted the attached license on 2016-12-06 at 22:28.The student, Sili Hui, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-12-06 at 22:34.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-12-07 at 09:14.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10439 on 2017-02-28 at 14:37:18Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T16:37:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
HUI-THESIS-2016.pdf: 370407 bytes, checksum: 5d25b70350d18de43d3eb78eb2ceacaa (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 2016-12-07Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 98627
Lift date: 2019-03-01T16:37:19Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 98627 on 2019-03-02T10:15:17Z
Role of bicarbonate as a pH buffer and electron sink in microbial dechlorination of chloroethenes
No full textAbstract Background Buffering to achieve pH control is crucial for successful trichloroethene (TCE) anaerobic bioremediation. Bicarbonate (HCO3−) is the natural buffer in groundwater and the buffer of choice in the laboratory and at contaminated sites undergoing biological treatment with organohalide respiring microorganisms. However, HCO3− also serves as the electron acceptor for hydrogenotrophic methanogens and hydrogenotrophic homoacetogens, two microbial groups competing with organohalide respirers for hydrogen (H2). We studied the effect of HCO3− as a buffering agent and the effect of HCO3−-consuming reactions in a range of concentrations (2.5-30 mM) with an initial pH of 7.5 in H2-fed TCE reductively dechlorinating communities containing Dehalococcoides, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, and hydrogenotrophic homoacetogens. Results Rate differences in TCE dechlorination were observed as a result of added varying HCO3− concentrations due to H2-fed electrons channeled towards methanogenesis and homoacetogenesis and pH increases (up to 8.7) from biological HCO3− consumption. Significantly faster dechlorination rates were noted at all HCO3− concentrations tested when the pH buffering was improved by providing 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) as an additional buffer. Electron balances and quantitative PCR revealed that methanogenesis was the main electron sink when the initial HCO3− concentrations were 2.5 and 5 mM, while homoacetogenesis was the dominant process and sink when 10 and 30 mM HCO3− were provided initially. Conclusions Our study reveals that HCO3− is an important variable for bioremediation of chloroethenes as it has a prominent role as an electron acceptor for methanogenesis and homoacetogenesis. It also illustrates the changes in rates and extent of reductive dechlorination resulting from the combined effect of electron donor competition stimulated by HCO3− and the changes in pH exerted by methanogens and homoacetogens.</p
Determination of Grassmann manifolds which are boundaries
No full textLet FGnk denote the Grassmann manifold of all k-dimensional (left) F-vector subspace of Fn for F = R, the reals, C, the complex numbers, or H the quaternions. The problem of determining which of the
Grassmannians bound was addressed by the author in [4]. Partial results were obtained in [4] for the case F = R, including a sufficient condition, due to A. Dold, on n and k for R Gnk to bound. Here, we show that Dold's condition is also necessary, and obtain a new proof of sufficiency using the methods of this paper, which cover the complex and quaternionic cases as well
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis of thin film Silicon-based HyET solar cells
No full textGiven the rising research of thin film solar cells in recent years, flexible technology has been proven to be more light weight and cost effective. As photovoltaics is increasingly becoming the front runner in sustainable energy production, concerns over the associated impacts of solar modules throughout their life cycle are also increasing. This study quantifies the environmental impacts through LCA analysis for Roll-to-Roll (R2R) production process of thin film flexible silicon-based solar modules manufactured by a Dutch company HyET in The Netherlands.This study considers three product lines over a life cycle demarcated into its manufacturing, encapsulation and installation. The three product lines (cases) are as follows.1. Single junction a-Si with 7% efficiency.2. a-Si/nc-Si tandem cell with 10% efficiency3. a-Si/nc-Si tandem cell with 12% efficiencyThe installation phase considers a rooftop setup of capacity of 2.1 kWp with Balance of System (BoS) components.LCA analysis is carried out on Simapro 9.1.0.11 following the guidelines and the framework of International Organization for Standardization ISO14044. The outcome of LCA analysis is measured in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Primary Energy Demand (PED) and Energy Pay Back Time (EPBT). Ecoinvent 3.5 is used as the primary database for these analyses to select the inventory. GWP is assessed using the CML-IA baseline method while PED is assessed using Cumulative energy demand v1.11 method. Sensitivity analysis is done by changing the location of production and up-scaling capacity. The installation stage is observed to contribute the highest GWP and also has the highest PED on account of BoS components. The LCA analysis has demonstrated similar trends of GWP, PED for all three product lines. EPBT on the other hand, is longer for 10% tandem cell on account of relatively larger module area as compared to 12% tandem cell and also the relatively higher energy consumption as compared to the single junction cell. The choice of substrate material is seen to impact the assessment indicators significantly. Flexible glass is observed to be the optimal choice for large-scale production. The choice of encapsulant material also affects the indicators demonstrably. Sensitivity analysis shows a positive impact on the indicators through up-scaling, while the location is not established as a significant factor sufficiently under considered assumptions.This project describes about the Life Cycle Assessment analysis of thin film Silicon-based HyET solar cells and their comparison to different substrate technologiesElectrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technolog
Enabling effective visual data exploration for solvent discovery in material science
No full textData visualization has become increasingly important in almost all scientific fields. However, current visual analytics tools usually require redundant manual processing, resulting in the visualization process remaining overwhelming and error-prone. Zenvisage automates the process of querying for desired visual patterns, thereby speeding up visual exploration. In this work, we collaborate with material scientists, whose goal is to identify battery solvents with favorable properties while considering economical, physical and chemical tradeoffs in their manufacture. We extend Zenvisage to allow material scientists to compare among subsets of data dynamically and employ non-line chart visualizations to explore their data.
In this thesis, we introduce the notion of dynamic class creation, which targets the seamless creation of subsets of data and comparison of properties among them. We address the non-time-series data issue by conducting visual property search queries directly on scatter plots. We implemented polygon-bound queries and drag-and-drop queries for scatter plots, along with two similarity metrics. We also introduce a new approach for material scientists to upload their datasets using scripts. Our work would enable material scientists to get insights more quickly on increasingly large datasets.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-05-01The student, Renxuan Wang, accepted the attached license on 2019-04-19 at 19:44.The student, Renxuan Wang, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-04-19 at 19:50.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-04-22 at 13:59.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13802 on 2019-08-22 at 15:07:37Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T20:36:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
WANG-THESIS-2019.pdf: 2290782 bytes, checksum: c07219fe08f665e5dcb705e26ed73c03 (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 2019-04-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112187
Lift date: 2021-08-23T20:36:18Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112187 on 2021-08-24T09:15:16Z
Efficient pattern-based querying of trend line visualizations
No full textEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107918
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:47:41Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 107918 on 2020-09-28T09:15:13Z.Finding visualizations with desired patterns is a common goal during data exploration. However, due to the limited expressiveness and flexibility of existing visual analytics systems, pattern-based querying of visualizations has largely been a manual process. We present ShapeSearch, a system that enables users to express their desired patterns using multiple flexible mechanisms—including natural language and visual regular expressions— and automates the search via an optimized execution engine. Internally, the system leverages an expressive ShapeQuery algebra that supports a range of operators and primitives for representing ShapeSearch queries. We will describe how the various components of ShapeSearch help accelerate scientific discovery by automating the search for meaningful patterns in multiple domains such as genomics and material science.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Zesheng Wang, accepted the attached license on 2018-07-11 at 16:31.The student, Zesheng Wang, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-07-11 at 16:45.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-07-12 at 14:57.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12835 on 2018-09-27 at 11:37:06Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:47:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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LICENSE.txt: 4209 bytes, checksum: 75aaf58a61aedb85bd3910a82e9fdf83 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2018-07-1
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Isolated Quantum Systems: Dynamics and Phase Structure Far From Equilibrium
No full textStatistical mechanics characterizes systems in or near equilibrium using in terms of a handful of "state" variables, e.g. temperature, rather than infinitely many degrees of freedom. Statistical physics describes the expansion of the early universe, aspects of black holes, and most fruitfully, phases of matter and their properties. Quantum considerations have improved this understanding over time and revealed new phenomena, especially in complicated "strongly correlated" systems. Topological phases of matter, e.g., are of both fundamental and practical interest: these phases cannot be distinguished locally, unlike ice and water, which also allows them to store and process quantum information in a "fault-tolerant" manner, recently proposed for application to quantum computation. However, above zero temperature, thermal effects can overwrite this information.Recent experiments on isolated systems have raised fundamental questions and revealed new routes to quantum computing. We now know that entanglement, generated dynamically as a quantum state evolves, "hides" local information about the past, producing familiar equilibrium states, described by a temperature. However, many systems do not thermalize: strong disorder can lead to MBL, which supports numerous phenomena forbidden in equilibrium and can protect quantum information at infinite temperature. In particular, both MBL and thermal systems are robust phases of matter, with a novel, athermal phase transition between them. This thesis begins with an overview of MBL and thermalization, followed by an overview of exactly soluble quantum systems. We then turn to an important result in the field by this author: we introduce the first nontrivial example of an integrable Floquet model and comment on its solution and salient features. We then discuss how integrable models can provide insight into quantum thermalization, e.g. in terms of entanglement growth and demonstrating that conserved charges diffuse. We then investigate thermalization away from the integrable limit, also known as "quantum chaos." We review the standard techniques in this field and, briefly, several important results, before reproducing work by this author establishing definitively the long-conjectured result that the onset of thermalization in the presence of a conserved charge is governed by diffusion of said charge. We then investigate the interplay of conventional and topological order with nonequilibrium phase structure, with applications to quantum computation in mind. We review localization-protected quantum order in several models. We then investigate two models with non-Abelian symmetry, and show that MBL in such models can only realize if the symmetry breaks spontaneously to an Abelian subgroup. Finally, we conclude by examining open quantum systems, where we find several counterintuitive results that show that baths can, in some cases, enhance localization in certain systems, which may have use in realizing quantum computation
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