1,720,968 research outputs found
Mammella: è possibile la chemioprevenzione?
No full textLa prevenzione delle malattie oncologiche riveste un grande interesse e rappresenta uno dei principali obiettivi di politica sanitaria. La prevenzione primaria, ovvero I' abolizione delle cause cancerogene, rimane I'obiettivo principale. Questo obiettivo e oggi pili vicino gra- =ie alla maggiore consapevolezza della popola- none dei rischi causati dai diversi cancerogeni :!IDbientali, dalle errate abitudini alimentari e
:oluttuarie. :..a farmaco-prevenzione e una disciplina relati-
ente nuova che si propone di agire sulle ::!ppe intermedie che portano alla manifestazio- ;;,~c1inica della neoplasia. ::"'erecenti conoscenze dei meccanisrni della can- _"fogenesi e l' acquisizione di nuove sostanze _~n attivita preventive ne hanno ampliato Ie -=-,plicazioni.
- termini di prevenzione oncologic a e utile pun- ::!3lizzare la differenza tra "prevenzione prima- ~"e "prevenzione secondaria". Infatti, se si :sdude il tentativo di ridurre l' esposizione della -<Jpolazione a fattori di rischio noti, l'approc-
pili frequente in oncologia e quello della
Copyright 2002, ere Edizioni lnternazionali, Roma
prevenzione secondaria, cioe una diagnosi pm precoce possibile per condizionare favorevol- mente la prognosi dei soggetti affetti. La farmaco-prevenzione si prop one di interve- nire a livello della sequenza di eventi che costi- tuiscono il processo di cancerogenesi al fine di prevenire la progressione neoplastica prima del- l'evento clinico terminale, cioe la formazione del tumore.
Negli ultirni anni l'interesse per la farmaco-pre- venzione e progressivamente aumentato, poiche la prospettiva di una riduzione del rischio di tumore trarnite l'uso di farmaci e diventata plau- sibile grazie ai risultati di numerosi studi pre- clinici, epidemiologici e clinici
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Endometrial evaluation with transvaginal ultrasound during hormone therapy: a prospective multicenter study.
No full textObjective: To assess the value of endometrial thickness as a marker of endometrial abnormality risk during hormone therapy (HT) and to study the correlation between abnormal bleeding and abnormal endometrial histology in patients with thick endometrium.
Design: Prospective multicenter study.
Setting: University and general hospitals outpatient centers.
Patient(s): Postmenopausal women (702) on HT.
Intervention(s): Biendometrial thickness was measured by transvaginal sonography (TVS) between day 5 and day 10 after the last P intake and, when present, after the end of the menstrual-like bleeding.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Hysteroscopy and biopsy were performed within 5 days from TVS on all patients with an endometrial thickness 4.5 mm (precision scale 0.5 mm).
Result(s): Endometrial thickness 4.5 mm was observed in 20.5% of patients. One hundred sixteen hysteroscopies and biopsies were performed. Hyperplasia, polyps, and endocavitary fibroids were detected in 15%, 24%, and 8% of cases, respectively. The positive predictive value of TVS examination was 47%. Endometrial thickness was the only variable significantly and independently associated with histologic abnormalities and endocavitary fibroids. Abnormal bleeding occurred in 17.1% of patients. Among 17 patients detected with thick endometrium and hyperplasia, 8 cases showed abnormal bleeding.
Conclusion(s): Sonographic endometrial thickness of 4.5 mm provides a sensitive tool to select HT patients who might benefit from hysteroscopy and biopsy. Abnormal bleeding is not a sensitive sign of hyperplasia in patients with thick endometrium
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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