1,721,644 research outputs found
<i>Science Translational Medicine</i> Podcast: 23 February 2011
No full textA conversation with Ralph Weissleder about his smart phone–operated micro-NMR device that provides accurate cancer diagnoses in 60 minutes.</jats:p
Interview: Nanomedicine in oncology: miniaturized means to an enormous end
No full text Ralph Weissleder and Cesar Castro from Harvard Medical School speak to Cara Sutton, Assistant Commissioning Editor Ralph Weissleder attended the University of Freiburg and the University of Heidelberg (Germany), where he received his doctoral degrees. Prof. Weissleder completed a radiology residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MA, USA), Harvard Medical School (MA, USA). He is currently a Professor of Radiology and Systems Biology, both at Harvard Medical School. He is the Director of the Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Systems Biology. Prof. Weissleder is the principal investigator of several large federally funded research studies, and is the author of more than 600 peer-reviewed published papers, 100 review papers, over 30 patents and several major textbooks. Cesar M Castro received his medical degree from the University of California – San Francisco (CA, USA) where he also pursued an internal medicine residency. He completed a joint hematology and oncology fellowship between the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital. He holds a Master’s in Medical Sciences in clinical investigation from Harvard Medical School. Dr Castro is currently an Instructor in Medicine at Harvard Medical School and a clinician investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital. Dr Castro has extensive experience pursuing nanoparticle research at the National Cancer Institute. His current research interests entail development and application of nanosensing and molecular imaging tools to augment cancer care through proof-of-concept and early phase studies. He is a principal investigator on a couple of large funded research projects and currently holds a career development award from the National Cancer Institute. </jats:p
Abstract IA13: Imaging drug delivery and nanotherapeutics
No full textAbstract
Over 180 chemically distinct cancer drugs are currently in clinical use while new nanomaterials, small molecule inhibitors and newer immunotherapeutics are entering clinical trials. Preclinical testing usually involves measuring tumor sizes, survival endpoints, the use of histopathology and measurement of serum biomarkers. Yet, despite all of these advances, preciously little is known on how many of these compounds actually work (or fail) at the single cell level in vivo, what the spatial and temporal heterogeneity is and how efficacy can be improved. The latter is particularly vexing as the majority of patients show suboptimal responses and tumors often relapse within months-years. With the recent development of i) single cell in vivo imaging technology (Nat Commun 2013;4,1504), ii) fluorescent nanoparticles and encapsulated therapeutics (Science Transl Med, 2015;7:314; Nat Commun. 2015;6:8692), iii) in vivo reporters of host response, cell death or DNA damage (ChemMedChem, 2014;9:1131), iv) new computational analysis (Nat Methods, 2015;12:577), and v) armed with new biological insight from feasibility studies we are now able to address important cancer therapeutics questions in ways that were not previously possible. In this presentation I will review imaging approaches for the functional assessment of new therapeutics at the single cell level in vivo, addressing key questions on distribution (pharmacokinetics, PK) and specific cellular response (pharmacodynamics, PD).
Citation Format: Ralph Weissleder. Imaging drug delivery and nanotherapeutics. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Engineering and Physical Sciences in Oncology; 2016 Jun 25-28; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA13.</jats:p
Sequential average segmented microscopy for high signal-to-noise ratio motion-artifact-free in vivo heart imaging
No full textIn vivo imaging is often severely compromised by cardiovascular and respiratory motion. Highly successful motion compensation techniques have been developed for clinical imaging (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging) but the use of more advanced techniques for intravital microscopy is largely unexplored. Here, we implement a sequential cardiorespiratory gating scheme (SCG) for averaged microscopy. We show that SCG is very efficient in eliminating motion artifacts, is highly practical, enables high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in vivo imaging, and yields large field of views. The technique is particularly useful for high-speed data acquisition or for imaging scenarios where the fluorescence signal is not significantly above noise or background level
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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