124,658 research outputs found
Reply to comments on 'EPR study of He-implanted Si' by P. Pivac, B. Rakvin, R. Tonini, F. Corni, G. Ottaizani, Published in Mater. Sci. Eng. B73 (2000) 60-63 - Written by M. Kakazey, M. Vlasova, and J.G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez - Reply to discussion
No full textReply to comments on 'EPR study of He-implanted Si' by P. Pivac, B. Rakvin, R. Tonini, F. Corni, G. Ottaizani, Published in Mater. Sci. Eng. B73 (2000) 60-63 - Written by M. Kakazey, M. Vlasova, and J.G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez - Reply to discussio
EPR study of He-implanted Si
No full textElectron paramagnetic resonance has been used to study the influence of thermal treatments on defect evolution in helium-implanted Czochralski single-crystal silicon. It is shown that the thermal treatment induces helium migration and capturing by vacancy clusters that transform into pressurized bubbles. Such transformation produces a strain field, which in turn affects the dangling bond's lineshape in its vicinity. It is shown that the strain field causes asymmetry of dangling bond lineshape that is proportional to the strain field. This selects the electron paramagnetic resonance as a convenient technique For the monitoring of the early phases of bubble formation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved
Electron paramagnetic resonance study of S2 defects in Hydrogen implanted Silicon
No full textElectron paramagnetic resonance spectra of S2 paramagnetic center in Float zone silicon (FZ-Si) and Czochralski silicon (CZ-Si) produced by H2 ion-implantation and by subsequent annealing have been studied. At room temperature the spectrum exhibits an isotropic line g 2X0066 0X0002, which, then broadens and transforms in a complex spec- trum at 120 K. This complex spectrum can be decomposed into isotropic and anisotropic component. The relative concentration of anisotropic component is larger in CZ-Si and smaller in FZ-Si than the respective isotropic compo- nent. The g tensor evaluated from the anisotropic component at 120 K shows that the spectrum originated from the center with trigonal symmetry. The involvement of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the center has been discussed. It is suggested that the S2 center is developed in the multi-vacancy defect containing oxygen and hydrogen atoms. From reversible thermal eect of the linewidth narrowing the motional properties of the dangling bond in the S2 center is described by the activation energy of 0.03 eV. Ó 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Electron paramagnetic resonance evidence for reversible transformation of thermal donor into shallow donor-type center in hydrogen-implanted silicon
No full textElectron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the proton-related thermal donor (TD) assigned as NL8 paramagnetic center has been detected at 110 K after heat treatment of the hydrogen-implanted Czochralski-Si at 773 K. The effect of temperature on reversible transformations of the anisotropic spectrum of NL8 center into the isotropic singlet line was studied in the temperature region from 110 to 240 K. The analysis of the singlet provides an evidence that this signal originates from the proton- related shallow donor type at g = 1.9987. The changes in the linewidth have been used to evaluate the parameters [1/tau = 0.66 x 10(12) exp(-Delta E/kT); Delta E = 169 meV] for thermally activated electron emission to the conduction band from the second donor state of the NL8 center. These results represent direct experimental evidence of reversible transformation of the TD+ charged center into the shallow donor-type center. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(98)01548-4]
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
DLTS and EPR study of defects in H implanted silicon
No full textSingle crystal CZ Si samples were implanted with hydrogen ions to the dose of 2E16 He ions/cm(2) at room temperature and subsequently annealed in vacuum in the temperature interval from 100 to 900 degreesC. The aim of the experiment was to determine the conditions for bubble formation within the solid film, which may have important technological application. Defects produced in such samples were studied by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It is shown that high dose hydrogen implantation produces vacancy-related and silicon selfinterstitial clusters. The latter are thought to be responsible for the formation of the weak displacement field. The annealing at higher temperatures creates multivacancy-related clusters responsible for the strong displacement field formation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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