1,720,994 research outputs found
Heterotrophic nitrification in soils: Approaches and mechanisms
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100018647 RUDNhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003443 Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100015659 Southern Federal Universit
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Special Abilities of Microbes and Their Application in Agro-Biology
No full textAmid the growing challenges posed by climate change, securing global food security has never been more critical. This imperative is at the heart of the United Nations' "Zero Hunger" SDG. This reprint unveils the innovational role of microbial-based biofertilizers in creating sustainable agricultural solutions. Microbes, resilient and adaptable, thrive in the most extreme environments on Earth—from the icy polar regions and searing hot springs to polluted and arid lands. Their extraordinary adaptability, driven by unique biochemical and physiological mechanisms, equips them with the ability to produce essential enzymes and metabolites. These capabilities are harnessed to support sustainable agriculture, particularly in enhancing soil fertility and crop production under diverse environmental stressors. It meticulously documents case studies demonstrating the efficacy of such microbes as biofertilizers, bio-stimulants, and biopesticides, which perfectly align with sustainable agriculture and circular economy principles. This is a vital resource for students, researchers, scholars, and policymakers. It provides insights into how microbial solutions can be strategically implemented to promote sustainable agricultural practices that work in harmony with nature. As we navigate the complexities of climate change, this volume serves as a beacon of hope, illustrating how leveraging the special abilities of microbes can lead to a resilient and sustainable agricultural future
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Biochar promoted soil organic carbon accumulation and aggregate stability by increasing the content of organic complex metal oxides in paddy soil
No full textThe physical protection of soil organic carbon (SOC) by soil aggregates is one of the important mechanisms on SOC accumulation. Mineral-organic complexes can immobilize organic carbon. It is also a key factor affecting aggregate stability. Biochar can not only promote the accumulation of SOC, but also improve the stability of aggregates. Under frequent fluctuations of soil redox potential in paddy soil, the precipitation-dissolution equilibrium of reactive metal oxides demonstrates heightened sensitivity to biochar addition. These metal oxides play a critical role in stabilizing organic carbon through their regulatory effects. So far, the effect of biochar on the stability of SOC in soil aggregates and mineral-organic complexes in paddy soils has rarely been reported. A field experiment using gradient application rates of biochar was conducted to verify whether mineral-organic complexes play a key role in aggregate stability under biochar application. The results showed that biochar application improved the contents of SOC and total nitrogen. The contents of the soil complexed iron (Fep) and aluminum (Alp), exchangeable manganese (Mnexc) and organic complex manganese (Mnorg) oxides increased with the increase of the biochar application rate. Biochar application resulted in the increased proportion of large macroaggregates and macroaggregates, while the proportion of microaggregates and silt-clay aggregates was decreased. At the same time, biochar application resulted in higher SOC content in four aggregate size fractions with the lower effect in the smaller size fractions compared to the larger size fractions. Structural equation model showed that application of biochar enhanced SOC accumulation by increasing the contents of organic matter and forming Fep, Alp and Mnorg in macroaggregate. The result of gradient application rates of biochar showed that the treatment of 45 t·hm−2 was the best. In summary, the application of biochar promoted soil organic carbon accumulation and aggregate stability by increasing the content of organic complex metal oxides in paddy soil. This finding could provide practical implications for carbon sequestration, soil health and sustainable agriculture in paddy fields
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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