31 research outputs found
Rutting resistance of SMA mixtures incorporating crumb rubber / Herda Yati Katman
No full textWith the exponential growth in the number of automobiles in Malaysia in recent years, the problem generated by waste tyres has also increased. Therefore, incorporating waste tyres as an additive in road pavement might be an option to overcome the increase in the number of waste tyres as well as address some of the pavement problems, such as rutting deformation.
Crumb rubber modified binder is acknowledged to provide better rutting resistance. Many research works have been implemented on the effects of chemical additives to further increase the performance of crumb rubber modified binders. Recent studies have shown that the properties of crumb rubber modified binders can be improved by adding crosslinking agents, such as trans-polyoctenamer (TOR) for which the main function is to activate the rubber-bitumen interaction and improve crosslinking.
This study was conducted to determine a method to improve the rutting resistance of SMA 20 bituminous mixtures. Accordingly, different percentages of crumb rubber were added to bitumen using different blending methods (continuous blend and terminal blend) in order to produce different concentrations of crumb rubber modified binder. In addition, a crosslinking agent, namely, trans-polyoctenamer (TOR), was introduced in the crumb rubber modified binder with the intention of further improving the binder properties and minimizing the rutting problem.
In order to analyse the performance of the binders and mixtures as well as to evaluate the relationship of the rutting characteristics between them, a series of binder tests and bituminous mixture tests were performed. In the final analysis, the author found that the binder tests were not adequate to evaluate the rutting characteristics of bituminous mixtures. For instance, in the case of the crumb rubber modified binder prepared using the terminal blend method, most of the binder tests show that the terminal blend binder displays the best performance; however, in respect of the bituminous mixtures it became worse.
To further study the creep behaviour (rutting characteristics) of bituminous mixtures, the dynamic creep test was performed using the universal testing machine (UTM) at different temperatures and stress levels. Finally, the creep behaviour of the specimens was estimated using the Zhou three-stage creep model. The results show that crumb rubber and TOR significantly affected the rutting parameters, especially at high stress levels and temperatures. Moreover, based on the Zhou model, it was concluded that resistance to permanent deformation (rutting resistance) was improved by the application of crumb rubber and TOR.
In addition, multiple linear regression (stepwise method) was used for statistical analysis for which the main objective was to develop an equation (regression model) that could be used for predicting the rutting of the mixtures for all factors engaged. A secondary purpose was to use regression analysis as a means of explaining the causal relationship among the factors (significant level)
Sea surface temperature predictability in the North Pacific from multi-model seasonal forecast
No full textSea surface temperature (SST) prediction based on the multi-model seasonal forecast with numerous ensemble members have more useful skills to estimate the possibility of climate events than individual models. Hence, we assessed SST predictability in the North Pacific (NP) from multi-model seasonal forecasts. We used 23 years of hindcast data from three seasonal forecasting systems in the Copernicus Climate Change Service to estimate the prediction skill based on temporal correlation. We evaluated the predictability of the SST from the ensemble members' width spread, and co-variability between the ensemble mean and observation. Our analysis revealed that areas with low prediction skills were related to either the large spread of ensemble members or the ensemble members not capturing the observation within their spread. The large spread of ensemble members reflected the high forecast uncertainty, as exemplified in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension region in July. The ensemble members not capturing the observation indicates the model bias; thus, there is room for improvements in model prediction. On the other hand, the high prediction skills of the multi-model were related to the small spread of ensemble members that captures the observation, as in the central NP in January. Such high predictability is linked to El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) via teleconnection
Effect of hydrolysis enzymatic process of corn using protease crude (Rhizopus oligosporus-C1) to produce corn hydrolisate rich folic acid
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Concentrating biomass of fermented broccoli (Brassica oleracea) and spinach (Amaranthus sp.) by ultrafiltration for source of organic acids and natural antioxidant
No full textTHE APPLICATION OF BALANCE IDEA IN SETTLEMENT OF DOCTOR MALPRACTICE CASE THROUGH PENAL MEDIATION
No full textThe current criminal acts of malpractice in the criminal justice system in Indonesia in its enforcement ignores the rights of victims of the crime in the criminal case handling process and the effect to be borne by the victims of the crime because of the legal protection for the victims of the crime does not receive adequate recognition. Based on this understanding the author made two formulations of the problem. First, how is the fulfillment of the rights of victims of doctor malpractice in the criminal justice system in Indonesia? Second, how is the implementation of balance idea in settling disputes of doctor malpractice through penal mediation? This research used normative juridical method. It can be concluded that first, the criminal justice system in Indonesia ignores the rights of victims of doctor malpractice and prioritize more on how to penalize the perpetrators of the malpractice. Second, the principle of balance idea in crime can be applied in resolving malpractice criminal cases through penal mediation where a doctor can be released from criminal penalties, subject to treat and recover the victims. Through the penal mediation the victims’ protection and fulfillment of their rights are preferred and the responsibilities to treat the victims are burdened the doctors. Keywords: Malpractice, penal mediation
FACTORS AFFECTING PURCHASE INTENTION TOWARDS NATURAL SKIN CARE PRODUCT
No full textAbstract. Indonesia is home to hundreds of run-small business in cosmetics producers that concerns in producing natural skin care products (Global Business Guide Indonesia, 2014), but the tendency of choosing import brands still tend to be high, although some of them begin to look at local brands whereas Indonesia government continues to strive to increase Peningkatan Penggunaan Produk Dalam Negeri (P3DN). There are several independent variables include in this research; Consumer Values (Health, Environment, Apperance Consciousness), Attitudes toward Natural Skin Care Product, Product Stimulus, Price Stimulus, Promotion Stimulus, and Place Stimulus. This study has limitations in terms of availability of data about the total population of skin care natural users in Indonesia or any areas of Indonesia. Therefore, The Author uses judgement sampling technique as a reference in selecting samples, which had already collected 446 samples, who has experience consuming at least one natural skin care product before. To gain the result to know whether there is significant affect among each independent variables toward dependent variables the, The Author use Multiple Linear Regression with SPSS tool. The result shows that there are positive relation between all independent variables with purchase intention toward natural skin care product, except for Attitudes toward Price. Better product will encourage consumers’ purchase intention, so people are careless with the price provided that there are better product that will satisfy themselves.Keywords: Attitudes, Consumer Values, Marketing Mix, Natural Skin Care Product, Purchase Intention   Â
Fear in corona time: Nepali poetry
No full textThe whole of humanity felt threatened together for the first time in its history because of Corona Virus Disease 2019 [COVID-19]. Such an extent of fear has been expressed in different forms. Literary creation is one such site of expressions. On this background, this research article has explored how the emotion of fear is expressed through Nepali poetry composed during the COVID-19 lockdown. The poems used for interpretation were composed in Nepal and beyond by the poets who are Nepali in their origin though they live in different parts of the world at present. Using random sampling in the selection of the texts, the ten poems by nine different Nepali poets have been used to explore how they present fear related to COVID-19. The lines quoted in English are my free translations from Nepali except the poems of Manprasad Subba, Mukul Dahal, and Yati Raj Ajanabi who have published their poems in both the Nepali and English versions. The analysis has come to the conclusion that these poems depict the picture of troublesome life of the period and give voice to the atmosphere of fear, types of fear, sources of fear and levels of fear
Characterization of biomasses, concentrates, and permeates of dried powder of Kombucha fermentation of spinach (Amaranthus sp.) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea) with membrane microfiltration and freeze drying techniques for natural sources of folic acid
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