94 research outputs found
Integració del disseny per al desmuntatge en BIM
No full textEn l'actual context d'emergència climàtica, escassetat de recursos i creixement urbà, el sector de la construcció s'enfronta a la necessitat urgent de transformar les seves pràctiques cap a models més sostenibles, flexibles i circulars. L'arquitectura tradicional, basada en processos lineals d'extracció, producció, ús i deixalla, resulta cada vegada més insostenible enfront dels reptes ambientals i socials del segle XXI. En aquest escenari, conceptes com l'economia circular, el Disseny per a la desmontabilitat (DfD) i les eines digitals com el Building Information Modeling (BIM) emergeixen com a estratègies fonamentals per a repensar el disseny i la gestió de l'entorn construït. El Disseny per a la desmontabilitat proposa una lògica constructiva en la qual els edificis no sols es conceben per a ser utilitzats, sinó també per a ser desmuntats, adaptats i reutilitzats. Aquesta perspectiva obre la porta a una arquitectura més versàtil, on els materials i components mantenen el seu valor al llarg del temps, reduint la generació de residus i el consum de nous recursos (Crowther, 2005; Gorgolewski, 2008). Per part seva, el BIM ha revolucionat la manera de projectar i coordinar en arquitectura, permetent modelar no sols la geometria d'un edifici, sinó també integrar informació tècnica, temporal, econòmica i ambiental al llarg de tot el seu cicle de vida (Eastman et al., 2011). En aquest sentit, el BIM es configura com una eina clau per a gestionar digitalment estratègies de sostenibilitat, entre les quals s'inclou el disseny orientat a la desconstrucció. En el present treball es desenvolupa el concepte RBIM creat per Elma Durmisevic (2019) amb l’objectiu de recopilar la metodologia referent en aquest àmbit
Murs al descobert : diagnosi i tractament de façana al Rec d'Igualada
No full textEl patrimoni industrial del barri del Rec d’Igualada és un dels més singulars i rellevants de Catalunya, testimoni de segles d’activitat adobera que ha conformat la identitat històrica de la ciutat. Tanmateix, el conjunt patrimonial es troba avui immers en un greu estat d’abandonament i deteriorament. Una gran quantitat de façanes es presenten sense revestiments, sigui perquè mai els van tenir o bé els han perdut a causa del deteriorament. Aquest fenomen deixa les estructures muràries al descobert, aspecte central que inspira el títol del treball, i permeten l’observació directa de la composició constructiva, les diferents etapes històriques i les patologies derivades del pas del temps. L’objectiu principal del present treball és posar en valor aquest patrimoni únic i crear una documentació rigorosa que serveixi de registre per a les generacions futures. Per tal d’assolir-ho, es porta a terme l’elaboració d’un estudi exhaustiu que engloba l’anàlisi històrica i constructiva, la diagnosi detallada de les patologies identificades i la proposta de tractament d’un tram representatiu de façanes del barri. Aquest estudi busca sensibilitzar sobre la importància crítica de preservar el patrimoni industrial i arquitectònic del Rec, i oferir un model pràctic i reproduïble en altres contextos del mateix barri, o bé en edificacions de característiques similars.The Rec neighbourhood in Igualada stands as one of Catalonia’s most remarkable industrial heritage sites, shaped by centuries of leather-tanning craft that have forged the city’s identity. Today, this legacy endures severe neglect and gradual decay. Many former tannery facades lack their original renders or have lost them over time, revealing the underlying masonry structure, hence the project title “Murs al descobert.” This exposure offers a unique opportunity to read the building techniques, historical phases and emerging pathologies etched into the walls. The main aim of this study is to celebrate and safeguard this exceptional heritage by producing meticulous documentation for future generations. To this end, the research reconstructs the site’s historical and constructive evolution, diagnoses the most critical facade pathologies, such as rising damp and material erosion, and outlines targeted conservation strategies that respect minimal intervention, material compatibility and reversibility. By raising public and professional awareness of Rec’s industrial and architectural value, the project delivers a practical, replicable framework for preserving similar heritage ensembles
Arquitectura en tierra : tradición tartésica y retos contemporáneos
No full textEste trabajo se centra en la construcción en tierra como alternativa ante un sistema cambiante y consciente del cambio climático. Poniendo en valor la utilización de un material abundante y que ha sido tan utilizado a lo largo de nuestra historia.
Esto se realiza a través del estudio de las técnicas y los recursos utilizados en el yacimiento de Casas del Turuñelo, Badajoz, con el fin de conocer cómo se construyó y que materiales se utilizaron. Comparándolos con el presente de la construcción en tierra y validando sus grandes similitudes. Tanto en los sistemas constructivos utilizados como en los recursos requeridos. Tras ello se estudian los recursos disponibles en Extremadura y se confirma que los materiales necesarios para la construcción en tierra cruda siguen existiendo en la región. Las técnicas se mantienen, los recursos siguen vigentes, por lo que es posible construir en Extremadura de una manera más local y sostenible
Molecular mechanism of inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 cell entry facilitator TMPRSS2 with camostat and nafamostat
No full textThe entry of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 into human lung cells can be inhibited by the approved drugs camostat and nafamostat. Here we elucidate the molecular mechanism of these drugs by combining experiments and simulations. In vitro assays confirm that both drugs inhibit the human protein TMPRSS2, a SARS-Cov-2 spike protein activator. As no experimental structure is available, we provide a model of the TMPRSS2 equilibrium structure and its fluctuations by relaxing an initial homology structure with extensive 330 microseconds of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) and Markov modeling. Through Markov modeling, we describe the binding process of both drugs and a metabolic product of camostat (GBPA) to TMPRSS2, reaching a Michaelis complex (MC) state, which precedes the formation of a long-lived covalent inhibitory state. We find that nafamostat has a higher MC population than camostat and GBPA, suggesting that nafamostat is more readily available to form the stable covalent enzyme-substrate intermediate, effectively explaining its high potency. This model is backed by our in vitro experiments and consistent with previous virus cell entry assays. Our TMPRSS2-drug structures are made public to guide the design of more potent and specific inhibitors
A probabilistic author-centered model for Twitter discussions
No full textIn a recent work some of the authors have developed an argumentative approach for discovering relevant opinions in Twitter discussions with probabilistic valued relationships. Given a Twitter discussion, the system builds an argument graph where each node denotes a tweet and each edge denotes a criticism relationship between a pair of tweets of the discussion. Relationships between tweets are associated with a probability value, indicating the uncertainty that the relationships hold. In this work we introduce and investigate a natural extension of the representation model, referred as probabilistic author-centered model, in which tweets within a discussion are grouped by authors, in such a way that tweets of a same author describe his/her opinion in the discussion and are rep- resented with a single node in the graph, and criticism relationships denote controversies between opinions of Twitter users in the discussion. In this new model, the interactions between authors can give rise to circular criticism relationships, and the probability of one opinion criticizing another has to be evaluated from the probabilities of criticism among the tweets that compose both opinions.This work was partially funded by the Spanish MICINN Projects TIN2015-71799-C2-1-P and TIN2015-71799-C2-2-PPeer Reviewe
El pensamiento de santo Tomás de Aquino en la Encíclica Fides et ratio
No full textThe author presents the portrait of St. Thomas Aquinas following a selection of texts of the Encyclical. The harmony between faith and reason, the right autonomy of the human nature, the metaphysics of act of being (including the personal being) seem to be the ground of the recomendations of the Popes, particularly from Leo XIII to John Paul II, to study the thought of Aquinas, that was very present in the Council Vatican II
Parametrization of embedded-atom method potential for liquid lithium and lead-lithium eutectic alloy
No full textLiquid lead-lithium eutectic remains as a promising candidate for various breeding-blanket designs in future nuclear-fusion technologies. The lack of a generalized theory of interatomic forces in the liquid state is reflected on the wide variety of proposed functional forms to describe interatomic interactions even in simple liquids. Computer simulations facilitate the study of liquid metal properties, due to mathematical and experimental challenges. A classical-MD EAM potential is parametrized using mechanical and non-mechanical (melting-point) properties to minimize the arbitrariness of functional forms, where the employed pair potential stems from the liquid-state theory to avoid the issue of the uniqueness of the potential. Enhanced performance is obtained for liquid density, energy, structure, diffusivity and shear viscosity of Li, and their temperature-dependencies. In a similar manner, reference experimental and ab initio MD data are used to parametrize a functional to describe Pb-Li pairwise interactions in liquid Pb-Li alloy, which is used with the derived EAM of liquid Li and a reference EAM of liquid Pb to investigate properties of liquid Pb-Li alloy. Enhanced transferability characteristics are obtained for low-in-lithium liquid Pb-Li melts, where Coulombic interactions are negligible. In specific, the exhibited behaviour of Li in liquid lead-lithium eutectic is consistent with findings from ab initio MD methods, and drastically different from predictions of previous C-MD studies which suggested a substantial segregation of Li atoms instead of dispersion. It is concluded that the functional form of the pair potential and its uniqueness influence both the pure liquid-metal properties and the validity of the potential transferability in multi-component systems, where a theoretical functional results in enhanced performance in pure and alloyed liquid systems.We thank Dr. Jordi Marti for the discussion about the NPA potential. The first author is a holder of FI AGAUR doctoral fellowship, provided by Generalitat de Catalunya and European Social Plus Fund. This work is partially funded by the EUROfusion project (Grant Agreement No. 101052200) under the Horizon Europe programme.With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000917-S).Peer reviewe
Provenance-based trust for grid computing: Position Paper
No full textCurrent evolutions of Internet technology such as Web Services, ebXML, peer-to-peer and Grid computing all point to the development of large-scale open networks of diverse computing systems interacting with one another to perform tasks. Grid systems (and Web Services) are exemplary in this respect and are perhaps some of the first large-scale open computing systems to see widespread use - making them an important testing ground for problems in trust management which are likely to arise. From this perspective, today's grid architectures suffer from limitations, such as lack of a mechanism to trace results and lack of infrastructure to build up trust networks. These are important concerns in open grids, in which "community resources" are owned and managed by multiple stakeholders, and are dynamically organised in virtual organisations. Provenance enables users to trace how a particular result has been arrived at by identifying the individual services and the aggregation of services that produced such a particular output. Against this background, we present a research agenda to design, conceive and implement an industrial-strength open provenance architecture for grid systems. We motivate its use with three complex grid applications, namely aerospace engineering, organ transplant management and bioinformatics. Industrial-strength provenance support includes a scalable and secure architecture, an open proposal for standardising the protocols and data structures, a set of tools for configuring and using the provenance architecture, an open source reference implementation, and a deployment and validation in industrial context. The provision of such facilities will enrich grid capabilities by including new functionalities required for solving complex problems such as provenance data to provide complete audit trails of process execution and third-party analysis and auditing. As a result, we anticipate that a larger uptake of grid technology is likely to occur, since unprecedented possibilities will be offered to users and will give them a competitive edge
Divisòries i envans interiors de peces d'argila cuita
No full textPrograma i memòria de l'assignatura: "ToSCA_Taller de solucions constructives arquitectòniques (intensiva) Qm Tardor 2010-2011".
Professor Responsable Joan Lluis Zamora i Mestre; Altres professors: Oriol Muntané, Marta Adroer; Becari: Josep Mª Nogué; L’objectiu del taller TOSCA és iniciar a l’arquitecte en la seva formació en un àmbit poc explorat com és el de la seva vessant com a projectista d’innovacions constructives. Actualment els arquitectes s‘enfronten amb nous problemes però amb uns productes de la construcció que varen néixer per resoldre altres problemes. Es fa urgent replantejar, des del punt de vista de la innovació de producte, replantejar el nou paper dels elements constructius, dels sistemes constructius i dels materials de l’arquitectura. En edicions anteriors s’han replantejat els materials reciclats, les resines, el cablejat dels sòls, la finestra, etc.2011/201
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