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Stereotip dan fitnah terhadap wanita dalam Al-Quran: Analisis tafsir Al-Azhar terhadap surat Ali Imran ayat 14 dan surat Yusuf ayat 23-24
Full text linkINDONESIA:
Skripsi ini mencoba mengangkat permasalahan masih adanya asumsi dalam masyarakat terhadap Stereotip dan fitnah wanita yang memposisikan mereka sebagai subordinasi, marginal, diskriminalisasi,sumber fitnah dan nafsu. Kedatangan Islam yang dibawa oleh Rasulullah Muhammad SAW, merupakan agama kasih sayang yang dalam ajarannya perempuan merupakan sosok yang dimuliakan. Penelitian ini bermaksud menjelaskan makna dan konteks stereotip dan fitnah terhadap wanita dalam Surat Ali Imran Ayat 14 dan Surat Yusuf Ayat 23-24 dalam Tafsir al-Azhar serta implikasi penafsiran ayat-ayat tersebut terhadap pemahaman masyarakat tentang peran dan kedudukan wanita.
Dalam penelitian penulis menggunakan jenis Penelitian Normatif (library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kajian historis,konseptual dan interpretatif. Hasil penelitian ini penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Hamka salah satu mufassir Indonesia dalam Tafsir al-Azhar menjelaskan pada Q.S Ali Imran ayat 14 konteks stereotip wanita dengan sebutan an-nisa` merupakan makhluk diciptaan Allah yang menarik dan menjadi sosok yang disukai lawan jenisnya yakni laki-laki. Sedang wanita yang digambarkan pada Q.S Yusuf Ayat 23-24 pada hakekatnya makhluk secara fitrah memang memiliki hasrat nafsu terhadap lawan jenis dengan kondisi psikologisnya mengawali rayuan sebagaimana digambarkan dalam kisah Yusuf dan istri Raja.
Pemahaman tafsiran ayat tersebut bukanlah bermaksud mengintervensi wanita sebagai sumber fitnah atau nafsu, ditegaskan bahwa laki-laki dan perempuan mempunyai potensi sang sama dalam hal itu, namun masing-masing seharusnya menjaga kehormatan dengan menggunakan akal sehat dan tetap memegangi aturan agama.
ENGLISH:
This thesis tries to raise the problem of the existence of assumptions in society regarding Stereotypes and slander of women that position them as subordinate, marginal, discriminated against, sources of slander and lust. The arrival of Islam brought by the Prophet Muhammad SAW, is a religion of compassion in whose teachings women are glorified figures. This study aims to explain the meaning and context of stereotypes and slander against women in Surah Ali Imran Verse 14 and Surah Yusuf Verse 23-24 in Tafsir al-Azhar and the implications of interpreting these verses on society's understanding of the role and position of women.
In this study, the author used the type of Normative Research (library research) with a qualitative approach through historical, conceptual and interpretative studies. The results of this study, the author concluded that Hamka, one of the Indonesian mufassirs in Tafsir al-Azhar, explained in Q.S Ali Imran verse 14 the context of the stereotype of women with the term an-nisa` is a creature created by Allah who is attractive and becomes a figure that is liked by the opposite sex, namely men. While women described in Q.S Yusuf Verse 23-24 are essentially creatures who by nature have lust for the opposite sex with their psychological condition initiating seduction as described in the story of Yusuf and the King's wife.
Understanding the interpretation of this verse is not intended to intervene in women as a source of slander or lust, it is emphasized that men and women have the same potential in this regard, but each should maintain their honor by using common sense and still adhering to religious rules.
ARABIC:
تحاول هذه الرسالة إثارة قضية الافتراضات المستمرة في المجتمع فيما يتعلق بالصور النمطية والافتراءات على المرأة والتي تضعها في موضع تابع، هامشي، معرض للتمييز، ومصدر للافتراء والشهوة. إن وصول الإسلام الذي جاء به النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، هو دين المحبة الذي كانت المرأة فيه شخصية عظيمة في تعاليمه. يهدف هذا البحث إلى توضيح معنى وسياق الصور النمطية والافتراء على المرأة في سورة آل عمران الآية ١٤ وسورة يوسف الآيتين ٢٣- ٢٤في تفسير الأزهر وكذلك انعكاسات تفسير هذه الآيات على فهم المجتمع لدور المرأة ومكانتها.
في هذا البحث استخدم المؤلف أسلوب البحث المعياري (البحث المكتبي) بمنهج نوعي من خلال الدراسات التاريخية والمفاهيمية والتفسيرية. وتوصلت نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى أن حمكة، أحد المترجمين الإندونيسيين في تفسير الأزهر، يشرح في سورة آل عمران الآية ١٤ أن سياق الصورة النمطية للمرأة التي يطلق عليها اسم النساء هي مخلوق خلقه الله جذاب وشخصية محبوبة من الجنس الآخر أي الرجال. في هذه الأثناء، فإن المرأة الموصوفة في سورة يوسف الآيتين ٢٣-٢٤ هي في الأساس مخلوق لديه بطبيعته رغبات شهوانية تجاه الجنس الآخر مع حالتها النفسية التي تبدأ الإغواء كما هو موصوف في قصة يوسف وزوجة الملك.
وليس المقصود من فهم تفسير هذه الآية التدخل في المرأة كمصدر للقذف أو الشهوة، بل يؤكد أن الرجل والمرأة لديهما نفس الإمكانات في هذا الصدد، ولكن يجب على كل منهما الحفاظ على شرفه باستخدام المنطق السليم مع الالتزام بالقواعد الدينية
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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