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Utilisation of primary health care services in rural Bangladesh : the population and provider perspectives.
Get PDFThis thesis is about the Utilisation of
Maternal
and
Child
Health Care
Services (MCH) in
Rural Bangladesh. Investigations have been made to identify the
underlying
causes of
low
use
of the MCH services provided through the
public sector
health
care
facilities,
which
is
a
major concern for the government of Bangladesh. This thesis focuses
on
the factors that
are
affecting the use of MCH services both from
population
and provider perspectives.
Socio-economic condition of people, their knowledge and attitudes towards the
public
sector
health
care services are considered as population
factors,
while
different
aspects
of quality of public
health services, access to the service facilities and
provider's
behaviour
are
explored
as the
providers' factors.
Aims: The aim of this research was to
provide policy recommendations
for improving
utilisation of the public health services at the
primary
health
care
level by
redesigning
more
accessible, acceptable and quality health care services, especially
for
rural women and
children.
Scope: Maternal health services: antenatal care; tetanus
vaccination; place
of child
delivery;
and postnatal care are considered in this study.
While two
major
killer diseases:
diarrhoea
and
acute respiratory infections, and immunisation of children under
five
years of
age are
included as child health care services.
Methods: A combination of qualitative and
quantitative methods
are used to
collect
data /information from 360 mothers, 28 formal and
informal
community
leaders, 44
various
types
of health care providers and 22 public sector
facilities in
a
rural
area
of
Bangladesh.
The
World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended
30
cluster
sampling method
was used
in
sample design. Household survey, in-depth interview, informal
and
formal
discussion,
participant observation and document analysis
have been
carried
out to
obtain
necessary
information/data.
Data analyses: The quantitative data have
been
analysed
by
using
STATA
and
SPSS
statistical computer programme, performing
descriptive, bivariate
and
logistic
regression
analysis. The qualitative information has been
analysed
in
a
descriptive
way.
Results: The results show that the use of government
health facilities:
THC,
FWC
and
VHCP
is generally very low with an exception of
the
use
of
VHCP for
TT
vaccination
to
women
and
child immunisation. The use of VHCP is
encouraging
for the
government
policy makers and
planners. THC is partially meeting the
health
care need
of rural
people
and mainly
serving the
interest of people of relatively high socio-economic condition.
FWC is the
most unused
health care facility at the rural areas of Bangladesh.
The
majority
of people
(86%)
received
health
care from non - qualified health care providers.
Among the socio-economic factors
-
family
education
and
income
were
found to
be
significant both individually and jointly with the
variations of use
of
MCH
services.
The majority of the sample population
does
not
have knowledge
about the
MCH
service
availability and possessed negative attitudes
towards the
public
sector
MCH
services.
These
are attributable to the under utilisation problem.
Nine
gaps
have been identified
between
peoples' `reasonable expectation' and the `existing' MCH
service
delivery
system.
Peoples'
involvement in the health service organisation at the thana
and union
level
was
found
almost
nil. However their involvement in the operation of
VHCP
was encouraging.
Low
(2-3
minutes) consultation time, lack of privacy
in treatment,
unregulated
involvement
of public
sector provider in private practice, lack of
accountability,
supervision and
improper behaviour
of providers deteriorating the quality
of services
hence decreases the
use
of
public sector
facilities. Unavailability of drug was found to
be the
single most
important
reason that
deters
people from using public facilities. Difficulties in
access to
quality services
were
found to
be
a major problem than access to the service
facilities.
Conclusions: This thesis suggests that giving priority
to improving the
service
qualities of
the
existing facilities rather than construction/development
of additional
facilities
at
PHC level.
It also suggests the initiation of behaviour change
programmes
for
public
sector
health
care
providers. Secondly an effective mechanism needs
to
be developed to
ensure
peoples'
involvement in the management and operation of public
health
care
facilities to
enhance
accountability of public sector provider
to the
population and reduce
the
gap
between them.
Initiatives could be taken to improve the
quality
of non-qualified
health
care
providers,
as
they are the main source of health care
for the
majority of population.
Finally, increasing the
education level of rural population particularly
for
women
could
increase the
use of
health
services
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Life saving or money wasting?: Perceptions of caesarean sections among users of services in rural Bangladesh
No full textLife Saving or Money Wasting? Perceptions of Caesarean Sections Among Users of Services in Rural Bangladesh
No full text- …
