102,648 research outputs found
Ethical Codes and Speech Restrictions: New Scenarios and Constitutional Challenges to Freedom of Teaching at University—The Italian Perspective
No full textUniversities all over the world are adopting rules aimed at protecting sensitive individuals from topics that may cause emotional distress or produce discrimination. Some of these rules even require teachers to warn students of political or religious beliefs expressed in course materials, and to point out “no go areas”. In Italy, this new turn in the ethic of care still only seems a distant possibility, although a number of University ethical codes have been adopted and many guidelines already require the use of a gender-fair language. Are these policies compatible with freedom of teaching under Article 33 of the Constitution? This chapter examines the issue through the Italian case-law
Abundance of intrinsic disorder in SV-IV, a multifunctional androgen-dependent protein secreted from rat seminal vesicle
No full textThe potent immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and procoagulant properties of the
protein no. 4 secreted from the rat seminal vesicle epithelium (SV-IV) have been
previously found to be modulated by a supramolecular monomer-trimer equilibrium.
More structural details that integrate experimental data into a predictive framework
have recently been reported. Unfortunately, homology modelling and fold-recognition
strategies were not successful in creating a theoretical model of the structural
organization of SV-IV. It was inferred that the global structure of SV-IV is not similar
to any protein of known three-dimensional structure. Reversing the classical approach
to the sequence-structure-function paradigm, in this paper we report on novel
information obtained by comparing physicochemical parameters of SV-IV with two
datasets made of intrinsically unfolded and ideally globular proteins. In addition, we
have analysed the SV-IV sequence by several publicly available disorder-oriented
predictors. Overall, disorder predictions and a re-examination of existing experimental
data strongly suggest that SV-IV needs large plasticity to efficiently interact with the
different targets that characterize its multifaceted biological function and should be
therefore better classified as an intrinsically disordered protein
La disciplina degli OGM tra Unione Europea e Stati nazionali: a chi spetta il diritto all’ultima parola su questioni scientifiche controverse?
No full textThe regulation on GMO products is a highly controversial field, because of different levels of competences and governance involved and due to the presence of conflicting interests. For this reason, the legal framework on food safety and scienti-fic innovation in agriculture represents an interesting case study on multilevel gover-nance. Moreover, GMO regulations are strictly connected to scientific progress and research, requiring an integration of different fields of expertise, such as law-maker, scientific experts and stakeholders. The paper takes into account the possible ways of legislative intervention, analyzing risks and benefits of the balancing between the need to guarantee food safety and the promotion of scientific development
Enti confessionali e licenziamento ideologico. Uno sguardo alla giurisprudenza della Corte di Strasburgo
No full textThe article provides an analysis of recent European Court of Human Rights’ legal cases about the ideological dismissal: Lombardi Vallauri v. Italy (2009), Obst v. Germany (2010), Schüth v. Germany (2010) and Siebenhaar v. Germany (2011). As the Directive 2000/78/EC within the EU context, these judgments state that, by virtue of the special nature of jobs where the employer is a religious entity, the employee is bound by a heightened duty of loyalty. This special bond of trust does not violate the Convention rights when the employee performs tasks that have a direct connection with the ethical aims pursued by the organization. However, it’s necessary to verify that neither the fundamental principles of domestic law nor the worker’s dignity are compromised by the required duties. Actually, the Court, on the one hand, protects the autonomy of Churches and religious organization, as well as the workers’ rights. On the other hand, it takes into account also the interests of third parties, in various way related to religious bodies, who are interested in maintaining the confessional identity of the latter (see Siebenhaar and the particular case of Fernandez Martinez v. Spain)
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Sainst v. Uk: la Corte europea si pronuncia sul regime fiscale riservato dal Regno Unito al Tempio mormone di Preston
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