22 research outputs found
Strategies of Translating Word Formation in James Joyce’s Ulysses from English into Arabic
No full textThe present study investigates strategies for translating word formation in Ulysses (1922) by James Joyce. The study also identifies the translation strategies used by an Arabic translator to render neologisms in the novel into the target language. The study draws on the Venuti model of translation. Applying the Venuti model to the translations of word formations into Arabic will test their adequacy. Different new words resulting from the word formation process were used in the selected data. The findings show that these new words were translated into Arabic using different strategies. The Arabic translator used literal translation in many cases of word formation due to the lack of similar equivalent words in the target language. The study shows that the Arabic translator tries to imitate Joyce by coining words in Arabic. The study should be continued in further analyses that use other data to prove that the Venuti model is not sufficient for translating this type of literary text
Endocannabinoid and lipid metabolism genes network analysis in adipose and liver tissue of dairy cows during the transition period
Get PDFDuring the transition period dairy cows are exposed to enormous metabolic changes. These changes could affect the overall health and production. Two experiments were conducted on transition cows to evaluate the 1) effects of body condition score (BCS) on the endocannabinoid system and lipid metabolism gene expression in adipose tissue; and 2) effects of rumen-protected methionine on the endocannabinoid system in liver tissue. In the first study, cows were retrospectively classified according to their BCS at -3 wk from parturition into two groups: HiBCS (BCS ≥ 3.75) or LoBCS (BCS ≤ 3.25 ). Adipose tissue at -10, 7, and 20 d around parturition was used to examine mRNA expression via qPCR of endocannabinoid receptors (CNR1, CNR2), enzymes that synthesize endocannabinoid (NAPEPLD), enzymes that degrade endocannabinoids (FAAH, NAAA, MGLL), and the hormone precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC). We also examined mRNA expression via qPCR of genes associated with lipolysis (LIPE, ABDH5, ATGL), fatty acid oxidation (CPT1A, CPT2, ACADVL, ACOX1), oxidative stress (SOD1, SOD2), and genes that are involved in inflammation (TLR9, TLR4, NFE2L2). Expression of CNR2 and NAPEPLD was greater at 7 d in LoBCS due to lower expression at the same time in HiBCS. The expression of FAAH was upregulated at d 7 and 20 in LoBCS than HiBCS cows. Expression of MGLL was overall greater across time in LoBCS than HiBCS, LoBCS had a tendency for greater overall expression of POMC across time. Regarding the genes associated with lipolysis, LoBCS compared with HiBCS cows had overall greater expression of ABDH5, LIPE and ATGL, indicating a greater state of basal lipolysis over time. Among genes related with fatty acid oxidation the expression of CPT1A and ACADVL was greater in HiBCS than LoBCS due to greater expression at -10 and 7 d. For the mitochondrial enzyme SOD2, important for clearing reactive-oxygen species that cause cellular stress and inflammation, we observed an interaction of BCS × day due to higher expression at d 7 in LoBCS than HiBCS. There was an overall BCS effect on the expression of SOD1 due to greater expression in LoBCS compared with HiBCS.
In the second experiment, cows were fed experimental diets consisting of a basal control diet (CON) or rumen-protected methionine-supplemented (MET) during the transition period (-21 through 30 days in milk). The liver was biopsied at -10, 7, 20 and 30 days relative to parturition. Gene expression was determined through qPCR for endocannabinoid receptors (CNR1, CNR2), enzymes that synthesize endocannabinoid (NAPEPLD), enzymes that degrade endocannabinoid (FAAH, NAAA, MGLL), and the hormone precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC). A significant interaction of treatment × day was observed for the endocannabinoid receptor CNR2 associated with lower expression in MET compared with control cows on d -10. There was an overall greater expression of FAAH, MGLL, NAAA and the EC-synthesizing enzyme NAPEPLD in MET compared with control cows. Cows supplemented with MET had greater in vitro blood neutrophil phagocytosis, neutrophil oxidative burst and monocyte oxidative burst.
Results from experiment 1 indicate that expression of the endocannabinoid system and lipid metabolism genes in adipose tissue may be associated with BCS. A potential linkage between those pathways and risk of disorders postpartum remains to be determined. Results from experiment 2 suggest that the alterations in the hepatic EC signaling network in response to MET might be involved in the positive effect on performance and liver function.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Abdulrahman Alharthi, accepted the attached license on 2016-08-30 at 12:44.The student, Abdulrahman Alharthi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-08-30 at 12:58.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-09-02 at 15:33.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10132 on 2017-02-28 at 14:40:46Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T17:00:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-02Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 98658
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Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 98658
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Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 98658
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Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 98658
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Maternal rumen-protected methionine supplementation alters dairy calf development, postnatal growth, plasma biomarkers, and liver one-carbon metabolism
Get PDFMany factors influence fetal growth and development throughout pregnancy. During this critical time maternal nutrition is one of the most important factors that can affect offspring health and performance. Methionine, besides being the first limiting amino, is an important precursor of antioxidants and methyl donor. Therefore, our objectives were to investigate if increasing methionine (Met) supply during late-pregnancy affects developmental, metabolic, and immune parameters of the calf at birth and during the neonatal period. Calves born to Holstein cows individually-fed a basal control [CON; 1.47 Mcal/kg dry matter (DM) and 15.3% crude protein] diet with no added Met or CON plus rumen-protected Met (MET; Mepron® at 0.09% of diet DM) during the last 28 ± 2 d of pregnancy were used. A total of 39 calves were in CON and 42 in MET. At birth, calves were randomly allocated considering dam treatment and colostrum as follows: 1) calves from CON cows and colostrum from CON cows (n = 21); 2) calves from CON cows and colostrum from MET cows (n = 18); 3) calves from MET cows and colostrum from MET cows (n = 22); and 4) calves from MET cows and colostrum from CON cows (n = 20). Liver biopsies were harvested at 4, 14, 28, and 50 d of age and used for metabolomics via GS-MS and activity of hepatic 1-carbon metabolism enzymes. Liver samples at day 4 were used for RNA sequencing, protein expression, and global DNA methylation. Blood for biomarker analyses and innate immune function assays was harvested at birth (before colostrum feeding), 7, 21, 42 and 50 d of age. Whole blood was challenged with enteropathogenic bacteria (E. coli 0118:H8), and phagocytosis and oxidative burst of neutrophils and monocytes quantified by flow cytometry. Despite greater daily DM intake pre-partum in cows fed MET (15.7 vs. 14.4 0.12 kg/d, P < 0.05), colostrum quality and quantity were not affected by maternal diet. At birth, MET calves had greater (P ≤ 0.05) body weight (BW, 44.1 vs. 42.1 ± 0.70 kg), hip height (HH, 81.3 vs. 79.6 ± 0.53 cm) and wither height (WH, 77.8 vs. 75.9 ± 0.47 cm). In contrast, concentrations of His, Lys, and Asn in plasma were lower (P ≤ 0.05) in MET calves. Regardless of colostrum source, the greater BW, HH, and WH in MET calves at birth persisted through 9 wk of age resulting in average responses of +3.1 kg BW, +1.9 cm HH, and +1.8 cm WH compared with CON. Average daily gain during the 9 wk was (P < 0.05) 0.72 ± 0.02 kg/d in MET compared with 0.67± 0.02kg/d in CON calves. Despite similar rates of daily DMI, maternal supplementation with Met led to greater (P ≤ 0.05) overall hepatic concentrations of the 1-carbon metabolism intermediates adenosine, betaine, choline, glycine, and N,N-dimethylglycine in liver tissue. Among transsulfuration pathway metabolites, concentrations of cystathionine, cysteinesulfinic acid, hypotaurine, serine, and taurine were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in MET calves. There was a treatment day effect for the activity of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT), methionine synthase (MTR), and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) in liver tissue. The activity of BHMT and CBS increased in MET calves between d 4 and 14, with a peak at 28 d. Despite a linear increase from d 4 to 28, the activity of MTR in MET calves was lower on d 4 and 50. In vitro phagocytosis in stimulated neutrophils was greater overall (P ≤ 0.05) in MET calves. At day 4 of life, MET calves have greater global DNA methylation comparing to CON calves along with a greater ratio of EBP1: EBP1 and p-AKT:AKT protein expression. Overall, our results indicate that the enhanced post-ruminal supply of methionine to cows during late-pregnancy benefits calf growth in part through alterations in hepatic metabolism and innate immune response.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Abdulrahman Alharthi, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-03 at 11:30.The student, Abdulrahman Alharthi, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-12-03 at 11:41.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-12-05 at 07:56.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14664 on 2020-02-28 at 17:37:14Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2019-12-05Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 114020
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Determining the Cultural Dynamic Shift in Jokha Alharthi’s Celestial Bodies
Get PDFAs Raymond Williams in his work Culture and Society, conceptualize the culture as the ‘progressive process’, which keeps on shifting over time and in order to illustrate the present culture one has to analysis its roots i.e, past cultural changes. Celestial Bodies written by Jokha Alharthi is considered as representative novel with transitional theme in Arabic literary circle. It has taken the fancy most particularly of the western readers since it portrays the unseen aspects of Omani society and also captures the spirit of Mid- Eastern transitional societies faced with new challenges and opportunities. Like Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude, Alharthi also tied her novel intimately to the real history of Oman by capturing the rapid social changes and consequent shift in the cultural panorama through an Omani family over three generation. This paper aims to examine the cultural dynamic shift in Omani author Alharthi’s International Man Booker- Prize 2019 winning novel, Celestial Bodies. It also examined the shifting cultural outlook through blend of old tradition with the modern, changing patterns of gender roles, breaking the taboos, enfeeblement of social structure, attitude towards education and love- stained relationships etc
Optimal Control of Volterra Difference Equations of the First Kind
Get PDFThis is the author accepted manuscript. the final version is available from IEEE via the DOI in this recor
Bullous Pemphigoid Patients and Associated Malignancies: Retrospective Study; Riyadh – Saudi Arabia
Get PDFObjectives The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of bullous pemphigoid (BP) and to determine the associated malignancies with BP in Saudi Arabia.Methods Data on patients aged more than 18 years old, who were diagnosed with BP, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ sociodemographic, clinical symptoms and associated medical conditions were collected. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences, version 21 (SPSS, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.).Results Our sample was composed of 83 patients who were diagnosed with bullous pemphigoid; their mean age was 80.3 years. 3.6 per cent of our patients had drug-induced BP. 97.6 per cent of our patients had comorbidities, such diabetes, hypertension, and dementia. The most commonly encountered co-morbidities were hypertension in 79.51 per cent patients (n=66) followed by diabetes in 51.80 per cent patients (n=43), and heart disease in 33.73 per cent patients (n=28). None of the patients had malignancies, except for 2.4 per cent patients (n=2) who had lymphoma. Conclusion No clear association between BP and malignancies, age group, gender, or other comorbidities was identified. We recommend larger prospective studies to investigate the association between BP and malignancies
Sleep disorders in adolescents and young adults: Insights into types, relationship to obesity and high altitude and possible lines of management
No full textKnowledge about cervical cancer risk factors and human papilloma virus vaccine among Saudi women of childbearing age: A community-based cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia
No full textObjective: To examine the knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine among Saudi women of childbearing age. Methods: An anonymous, survey-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. Results: Overall, 422 participants were included in the current study. Most participants were within the age group of 15–25 years old (42.9%), single (47.9%), and educated with a bachelor's degree (70%). Out of a total of 14 points, the average knowledge score for all participants was 7.3 ± 2.31 (range: 2–14). More than three-quarters of the surveyed participants correctly identified the following risk factors for cervical cancer: multiple sexual partners (78.2%), having weakened immunity (82.7%), infection with HPV (82.9%), and positive family history of cervical cancer (88.9%). Concerning HPV vaccine, 153 (36.3%) participants heard about HPV vaccine and only 20 (4.4%) of them were vaccinated. Only 128 (30.3%) participants stated correctly that 9–13 years old is the best age to start HPV vaccine, whereas 51 (12.1%) participants correctly stated the number of HPV vaccine doses to be three over six months. Overall, 167 (39.6%) participants declined to receive the HPV vaccine. The three most frequently reported reasons included not hearing about HPV vaccine (35.3%), fear from HPV-related side effects (30.5%), and apprehension from HPV vaccine injection (16.2%). Among several socio-demographic characteristics, occupation was statistically significantly associated with knowledge score (p < 0.001), with students in health specialties tended to have the highest knowledge score compared with others. Conclusion: Most participants displayed good knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors, but not about HPV vaccine. Very alarmingly, less than 5% of the participants received HPV vaccine and close to 40% of them declined to receive the HPV vaccine. Mechanisms to increase public awareness about HPV vaccine and its acceptance by women are recommended
Association of body dysmorphic disorder with anxiety, depression, and stress among university students
No full textالملخص: أهداف البحث: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقدير مدى انتشار اضطراب التشوه الجسمي وعلاقته بالاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر. طرق البحث: دراسة مقطعية أجريت في جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية. حيث تم توزيع استبانة تم التحقق منها بشأن الخصائص الديموغرافية واضطراب تشوه الجسم والاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر بالإضافة إلى الخصائص الديموغرافية على عينة من ١١١٢ طالبا في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز في عام ٢٠١٩. تم استخدام الإحصاء الوصفي واختبارات مربع كاي ونماذج الانحدار اللوجستي الثنائي لتحليل البيانات. تم استخدام نسبة الأرجحية مع حد الثقة ٩٥٪ لقياس الارتباط بين اضطراب تشوه الجسم مع الاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر. النتائج: كان معدل الانتشار الإجمالي لاضطراب تشوه الجسم ١٣.٩٪ (حد الثقة ٩٥٪؛ ١١.٨-١٦.٢) وكانت أعلى المواقع المبلغ عنها هي الجلد (٨١.٦٪) والخصر (٦٨.٨٪). وتبين أن الإصابة باضطراب تشوه الجسم مؤشرا للاكتئاب بنسبة ارجحية ٤.٢(٢.٩-٦.١)، والقلق ٢.٢(١.٦-٣.٢)، والتوتر ٣.٢(٢.٢-٤.٧). الطالبات كن أكثر عرضة للقلق بنسبة أرجحية ١.٤(١.١-١.٩) والتوتر ١.٥ (١.١-٢.٠). كان الانتساب إلى كليات الإدارة والفنون والعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية أيضا مؤشرا للقلق بنسبة أرجحية ١.٤ (١.١-١.٨). الاستنتاجات: أظهرت الدراسة أن اضطراب التشوه الجسمي شائع نسبيا بين طلاب الجامعة في جدة ومرتبط بشكل كبير بالاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر. Abstract: Objectives: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and identify its association with depression, anxiety, and stress. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Jeddah, KSA. In 2019, a validated questionnaire with items on sociodemographic characteristics and body dysmorphic disorder, as well as the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 items (DASS 21) was distributed to 1,112 students of King Abdulaziz University. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis, which included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression models. The association was presented as an odds ratio (OR) along with its 95% confidence Interval (CI). Results: The overall prevalence of BDD was 13.9% (95% CI of 11.8–16.2.) with the highest reported sites being the skin (81.6%) and waist (68.8%). BDD was found to be a significant predictor of depression with an OR of 4.2 (95% CI 2.9–6.1), anxiety OR of 2.2 (95%1.6–3.2), and stress OR of 3.2 (2.2–4.7). Females were significantly associated with anxiety, OR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1–1.9) and stress, OR of 1.5 (1.1–2). Affiliation to the administration, arts, humanities, and social colleges was also a significant predictor of anxiety as reflected by an OR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1–1.8). Conclusions: Our study shows that BDD is relatively common among university students in Jeddah and associated with depression, anxiety, and stress
A bibliometric analysis of research on the learning environment in medical schools: trends, gaps, and global perspectives
Get PDFIntroductionThe learning environment (LE) is widely recognized as a key focus of medical education scholarship, influencing student motivation, academic performance, professional identity formation, and wellbeing. Despite its recognized importance, a global, comprehensive understanding of research trends, key contributors, and thematic evolution within medical school learning environment (MSLE) research remains limited.MethodsWe conducted a bibliometric analysis of 3,458 publications on MSLE published between 2000 to 2025, sourced from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The Bibliometrix R package was used for network visualization and bibliometric analyses, examining publication trends, leading countries, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords. Keyword co-occurrence and thematic mapping was used to explore major research themes and their evolution over time.ResultsMSLE research has expanded steadily over the past two decades, with contributions from diverse global regions. Leading institutions and journals continue to anchor the field, while emerging topics such as program evaluation, digital pedagogy, and student wellbeing reflect shifting scholarly priorities in medical education. Prominent keyword clusters relate to curriculum, medical education, medical student, learning environment, and perception, demonstrating a balance between foundational and specialized research. Thematic mapping identified central, well-developed domains such as professionalism and program evaluation, alongside emerging and niche topics like online learning and simulation, highlighting both ongoing maturation and diversification of the field.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis provides a structured overview of global MSLE research, illustrating publication trends, influential contributors, and evolving thematic priorities. The findings indicate that the learning environment has become a central focus of medical education research and highlight the need for greater emphasis on longitudinal, multi-institutional studies, international collaboration, and inclusion of underrepresented regions to inform future research and policy development
