1,720,953 research outputs found
When I show the Beatles then you say: ‛Ramones!’ : imaging semantic memory in Alzheimer’s disease and semantic dementia
No full textElderly people contacting the health care system because of suspected dementia very often report word forgetfulness, a clinical condition referred as anomia, often one of the first signs of cognitive decline. Considering the complexity of human language it is no wonder that dementia disorders can affect language processing, which in its turn relies heavily on the intactness of the semantic memory system. In an attempt to study language impairment in dementia, this thesis aimed to investigate semantic memory, from its normal degradation in healthy ageing, to its disruption in dementia, and from controlled to unconscious semantic processing. Moreover we chased the anatomical locus of semantic memory with the combination of several neurophysiological and neuroimaging techniques.In Study I we investigated controlled semantic retrieval together with pattern of blood perfusion through the performance of verb fluency (VF) and animal fluency (AF), combined with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI).In Study II we enquired automatic semantic retrieval in healthy young and healthy elderly, combining a novel semantic priming paradigm to Event Related Potential (ERP) Electroencephalography (EEG).In Study III we used the same semantic paradigm and ERP EEG measurement as in Study II to investigate automatic semantic retrieval in AD, Semantic Dementia (SD), and an healthy elderly population. The result was then correlated to measure of blood perfusion by means of Pulsed Continuous Arterial Spin Labelling (PCALS) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).In Study IV we chased the anatomical locus of semantic memory through the study of grey (GM) and white matter (WM) pathology in AD, SD, and healthy ageing, combining Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) MRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) MRI.We could show that controlled semantic retrieval, and in particular VF is impaired in dementia and that this correlates to hypoperfusion in particular anatomical regions. Moreover, we could prove the automatic semantic retrieval remains stable under the span of healthy adulthood while controlled retrieval is not, and that this processes activates neurophysiologically comparable neural networks for healthy young as well as for healthy elderly. In addition we could show that automatic spread of activation is spared in mild dementia despite the deviant result in measures of controlled semantic processes and we found a possible early marker differentiating SD from AD and healthy ageing. We could even associate patterns of hypoperfusion to impairment in controlled semantic memory processing, this indicating that the altered electrophysiology of dementia patients is closely related to their structural and baseline blood degeneration. Finally we could detect different patterns of GM and WM loss in the AD compared to the SD group. In particular we could detect a specific area of WM disruption significantly separating AD from SD.List of scientific papersI. Östberg P, Crinelli RM, Danielsson R, Wahlund L-O, Bogdanovic N, Fernaeus S-E. A temporal lob e factor in verb fluency. Cortex. 2007, 43: 607-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70491-X II. Grieder M, Crinelli RM, Koenig T, Wahlund L-O, Dierks T, Wirth M. Electrophysiological and behavioural correlates of stable automatic semantic retrieval in aging. Neuropsychologia. 2012, 50: 160-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.11.014 III. Grieder M, Crinelli RM, Jann K, Federspiel A, Wirth M, Koenig T, Steirn M, Wahlund L-O, Dierks T. Topographic N400 anomaly correlates with reduced cerebral blood flow in the anterior temporal lobes of dementia patients. [Submitted]IV. Crinelli RM, Grieder M, Spulber G, Manzouri A, Östberg P, Dierks T, Wahlund L-O. A multimodal neuroimaing approach to Alzheimer’s disease and Semantic Dementia: a study in grey and white. [Manuscript]</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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