1,720,973 research outputs found
Uncertainty and Status Influence on Network Emergence: a Relational Approach to Optimal Distinctiveness Theory
No full textThroughout this paper, we suggest and operationalize a relational approach to the Optimal Distinctiveness Theory (ODT). By building a longitudinal model of network evolution between art galleries and artists between 2002 and 2004, we explain the emergence of peer alignment between galleries. We hypothesize and find that both galleries’ status differentials and uncertainty impact peer alignment between galleries. High-status galleries preserve their status by avoiding aligning with low-status galleries, whereas under heightened uncertainty conditions, galleries show an overall higher propensity of aligning with peers. Uncertainty and status differential have a joint effect on peer-alignment. Under uncertainty conditions, high-status galleries show yet lower odds of aligning with lower-status peers. Thus, the paper brings a novel approach to operationalization of peer alignment within social network modeling and contributes to the understanding the role of status and uncertainty to explain the emergence of ties, under the lens of Optimal Distinctiveness Theory
The delicate nexus between branding and social cohesion in creative cities: Insights from Bologna UNESCO City of Music
No full text
Uncertainty, Status, and Networks: A Relational Approach to Optimal Distinctiveness Theory
No full textThroughout this paper, we suggest and operationalize a relational approach to the Optimal Distinctiveness Theory (ODT). By building a longitudinal model of network evolution between art galleries and artists between 2002 and 2004, we explain the emergence of peer alignment between galleries. We hypothesize and find that both galleries’ status differentials and uncertainty impact peer alignment between galleries. High-status galleries preserve their status by avoiding aligning with low-status galleries, whereas under heightened uncertainty conditions, galleries show an overall higher propensity of aligning with peers. Uncertainty and status differential have a joint effect on peer-alignment. Under uncertainty conditions, high-status galleries show yet lower odds of aligning with lower-status peers. Thus, the paper brings a novel approach to operationalization of peer alignment within social network modeling and contributes to the understanding the role of status and uncertainty to explain the emergence of ties, under the lens of Optimal Distinctiveness Theory
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS MANAGING ON WORKING CAREER
Full text linkThis work is about the co-evolution of intra-organizational networks and organizational structures and behaviors, in the context of the introduction of an innovation. A number of network studies, especially those concerned with the role of social capital in organizational settings, has focused on those actors who are most important in shaping the structural features of the network. We focus on one such actors, the broker, that is the one whose ties connect otherwise disconnected sets of network nodes. Our aim is assessing the mechanisms through which the broker legitimizes himself in his own role. In fact, existing studies mainly document the consequences of the broker network position, but do not analyze the mechanisms through which this position is acquired vis a vis the other actors in the network.
In this work we address both the organizational and the individual levels of analysis. At the organizational level we analyze the evolution of intra-organizational networks in the context of an important organizational change. At the individual level we analyze how personal attributes and behaviors co-evolve with the networks, as a consequence of the actors learning processes. We will focus on one specific network member who is shown to improve his own understanding of how to perform the informal role of the broker. We will see that such informal role will be turned into a formal organizational position by the end of the period observed in this study
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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