1,720,971 research outputs found
Major players, guiding principles and main challenges : the Belgian experience in multi-agency cooperation
No full textTrial and terror : countering violent extremism and promoting disengagement in Belgium
Full text linkEfforts to promote disengagement from violent extremism have become a key ingredient in many counter-terrorism policies around the world. Deradicalisation and disengagement initiatives can also vary considerably from country to country. The following article contributes to the growing literature on countering violent extremism (CVE) by delineating the Belgian CVE landscape. Drawing on 50 semi-structured interviews with frontline practitioners and policy makers, this article offers an overview of the major players, guiding principles, and main challenges that define current efforts in Belgium. In addition, these efforts to support disengagement are examined through the prism of the assisted desistance framework. The fundamental premise behind this analysis is that, while violent extremism is a rather specific type of crime, it is a type of crime nonetheless. As such, this article seeks to juxtapose the current approach vis-à-vis violent extremist offenders with the usual response towards non-extremist offenders. In highlighting the implications for theory and practice, the findings of his article illustrate how lessons from other fields can help inform CVE efforts
Internet and trafficking in human beings : new enablers and motivators for market entry and financing
No full textDesistance, disengagement, and deradicalization : how the research on quitting crime can inform the study of leaving violent extremism behind
No full textThus far, debates surrounding the subject of renouncing violent extremism have generally produced more heat than light. By contrast, desisting from crime, a process that is in many ways kindred to that of ending one’s involvement in violent extremist activities, is the subject of a much more mature research tradition. However, while the theoretical distance between both phenomena is fairly minimal, there have been few attempts to connect these two research domains in a systematic way. In this context, the present paper intends to trace the outlines of both bodies of knowledge, thereby effectively juxtaposing the cumulative insights on desistance from crime with the current academic work on giving up violent extremism. Drawing comparisons between these processes, then, should inform us on what aspects desisting violent extremist offenders might differ from or, alternatively, conform with their criminal counterparts. Tracking these theoretical similarities and differences most certainly bears implications for how the process of violent extremist discontinuation is to be understood and, ultimately, for how we should deal with this offender population
Desistance, disengagement, and deradicalization : a cross-field comparison
No full textThis article provides a critical comparison of the present knowledge base on desistance from crime and current writings on disengagement and deradicalization from violent extremism. Underlying the comparison is the fundamental premise that while violent extremism is a particular and perhaps egregious form of crime, it is a form of crime nonetheless, meaning that violent extremist offenders are not beyond the remits of the desistance framework. As of yet, however, there have been few attempts to connect these two research domains in a systematic way. Against this background, the present article intends to trace the outlines of both bodies of knowledge so as to determine the degree of overlap between these two kindred literatures. The results of this integrative literature indicate that studies on criminal desistance and violent extremist disengagement echo the same basic mechanisms of change, but also that differences in context affect how these mechanisms take shape. In highlighting the implications for theory, the findings of this review illustrate, above all, how a closer association between these two fields of study enriches our understanding of both
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
De financiering van mensenhandel in België : seksuele en arbeidsuitbuiting : FINOCA 2.0 - Policy Brief
No full textTrafficking and technology : exploring the role of digital communication technologies in the Belgian human trafficking business
No full textOver the past few years, the agenda-topping issue of human trafficking is increasingly bracketed with the use of digital technologies. Though the trafficking-technology nexus is a growing area of public and policy concern, as far as empirical research is concerned, the subject is still a relatively open field. As a result, quite a few unknowns regarding the interaction between technological developments and trafficking in persons remain unresolved. In this context, the present research paper principally aims to build on the existent body of literature in order to broaden our comprehension of the matter at hand. Based on a systematic literature review and interviews with convicted offenders as well as anti-trafficking practitioners in Belgium, this paper presents an overview of the various ways in which technology can be leveraged both in the perpetration and the counteraction of human trafficking activities. In addition, the question of how technology relates to the traditional workings of trafficking is considered from a cyber-criminological point of view. That is, a connection is drawn between the use of technological tools by human traffickers and our current understanding of the business of trafficking in persons
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