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Environmental offences at Põlva county during 2004-2016
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Keskkonnakaitse õppekavalKeskkonnaalane järelevalve jaguneb kolmeks põhivaldkonnaks: keskkonnakaitse,
looduskaitse ja kalakaitse, peamiseks järelevalveasutuseks on Keskkonnainspektsioon.
Keskkonnainspektsioon menetles kümne aasta jooksul (2004-2014) keskmiselt 4326
rikkumist aastas, millest umbkaudu 16 % olid looduskaitse valdkonna rikkumised.
Töö eesmärgiks on anda ülevaade Keskkonnainspektsiooni poolt menetletud
õigusrikkumistest looduskaitse valdkonnas aastatel 2004-2016. Antud töös on kasutatud
analüüsiks Keskkonnainspektsiooni õigusrikkumiste andmekogus ja E-toimikus
kajastuvaid rikkumisi. Samuti on kasutatud avalikult kasutatavaid andmeid
Keskkonnainspektsiooni aastaraamatutest ning statistilistest tabelitest.
Põlvamaa looduskaitse valdkonna rikkumiste osakaal aastatel 2004-2016 oli 4,3% kogu
Eestis menetletud rikkumistest selles valdkonnas. Põlvamaa rikkumiste haripunkt oli
2004. aastal ning enamus rikkumisi oli metsakaitse alamvaldkonnas. Looduskaitse
alamvaldkonda reguleerivate seaduste muutused ei ole Põlvamaal suuri muutusi
õigusrikkumiste arvukuses kaasa toonud.
Keskkonnainspektsioon seab praktiliselt igal aastal uued eesmärgid ja prioriteedid, mis
aitavad kaasa tegelemisele probleemsemate valdkondadega.The field of environmental protections divides into three main fields: the environmental
protection, nature conservation and fisheries protection. During 2004-2016 the Estonian
Environmental Inspectorate proceeded 4326 offences an average per year, of which 16%
were commited in the field of nature conservation.
The main aim of this research is to give an overview of the offences in the field of nature
conservation which were registered by the Estonian Environmental Inspectorate during
2004-2016. For those thesis are used data from the Environmental Inspectorate´s
contravention database and E-file to analyse. Also the author used data from the Estonian
Inspectorate’s yearbook and statistic summary tables.
Of all offences in the field of nature conservation in Estonia only 4,3% were committed
in Põlva County. The hot spot of offences in that field in Põlva County was in 2004 and
most of these offences committed in the field of forestry. The changes in the field of nature
conservation regulatory acts have not brought big changes in the dynamics of offences in
Põlva County.
The Environmental Inspectorate sets almost every year new goals and priorities, which
help to solve problems in problematic fields effectively
Natural values and the land parcel composition in the Estonian Green Belt
No full textRohevöö 50 km laiuse ala põhjalikumat analüüsi pole teostatud, uurimustöö eesmärgiks seati analüüsida kokkuleppeliselt määratud rohevöö ala - Eesti rohevöö telgjoonest avamere suunda jäävat 25 kilomeetri laiust riba ning sisemaa suunda jäävat 25 kilomeetri laiust riba.
Eesmärgi saavutamiseks seati ülesanneteks anda ülevaade Eesti rohevööst, analüüsida selle kõlvikulist koosseisu ja loodusväärtusi ning uurida sotsiaal-majanduslikku tausta.
Põhikaardi analüüsimisel saadi rohevöö sisemaa suunda jääva riba looduslike kõlvikute osakaaluks 80%. Avamere suunda jääv rohevöö riba koosneb 99% ulatusest merealadest. Vaadeldes vaid avamere riba maismaa kõlvikuid, saadi looduslikuna säilinud kõlvikute osakaalu tulemuseks 99,3%. Kaardianalüüsi tulemusel saab öelda, et kinnitust leidis hüpotees, mille kohaselt Eesti rohevöö alad on suures osas säilinud looduslikuna, kuna loodusliku seisundiga kõlvikute osakaal oli märgatavalt suurem, kui majandusliku sihtotstarbega kõlvikute osakaal.
Loodusväärtuste analüüsil kasutati lähteandmetena erinevaid loodusväärtusi ja looduskaitse aspektist olulist infot sisaldavaid EELIS-e kaardikihte. Töös vaadeldud loodusväärtuste analüüsi tulemusena saab välja tuua, et paljude väärtuste rohevöö osakaal on suurem või võrdväärne kogu Eesti väärtuste osakaaluga. Kõige suurem osakaalude vahe esineb hoiualadel, kus rohevöö osakaal on kogu Eesti osakaalust 9% suurem. Võrreldes kaitsealuseid territooriume, siis rohevöö osakaal (24%) on suurem kogu Eesti osakaalust (22%), kui vaadelda Eesti alasid ilma rohevööta, siis kaitsealuse territooriumi osakaal on 18%. Eesti mitmekesiste ja hästi säilinud rannikualade tõttu on rohevöö alade loodusväärtuste osakaal suurem, kui ülejäänud Eestis, kuid protsentuaalsed erinevused ei ole väga suured.
Sotsiaal-majanduslikku tausta uurimisel kasutati lähteandmetena Statistikaameti andmebaasi 2000 aasta rahvaloenduse andmeid. Rohevöö sotsiaal-majanduslikk taust erineb piirkonniti. Rahvastiku koondumise tõttu Tallinnasse on rahvaarv Harjumaal järjest suurenev ning inimsurve sealsetele aladele kasvav. Ida-Virumaa suure rahvaarvu ja mäetööstuse osakaalu tõttu on ka sealsete rohevöö alade inimsurve suur. Sotsiaal-majanduslike näitajate poolest on halvemas seisus rohevöö läänepoolsed alad – Hiiumaa, Saaremaa ja Läänemaa. Vaadeldes rohevöö alasid ilma Harjumaata, siis on sealne töötuse määr suurem kui Eesti keskmine ning ka rahvaarv on järjest vähenemas. Vaadeldes rohevöö alasi ilma Harjumaata, on leidnud kinnitust hüpotees, et rohevöö alad on sotsiaal-majanduslikult halvemas olukorras, kuid vaadeldes kogu rohevööd, siis Harjumaa suur osakaal muudab kogu rohevöö sotsiaal-majanduslikud näitajad paremaks ning hüpotees ei leia kinnitust.Since the wide area of 50 kilometers of the Estonian Green Belt has yet not been analyzed, then the purpose of this research was set to analyze the land parcel of composition and natural values in those areas and also to provide an overview of the socio-economic background in those areas.
In the analysis of land parcel composition, a hypothesis was set that areas of the Estonian Green Belt are well preserved and contains more natural land parcels than the rest of Estonian areas. Analysis of the vector-based Estonian Basic map showed that 80% of Estonian Green Belt landward stripe areas are formed by natural land parcels. Seaward strip of Green Belt was mainly formed by sea areas (99%), 99,3% of the seaward strip land areas was formed by natural parcels. Therefore the hypothesis is confirmed. In comparison of Green Belt and all Estonian areas we can say that Green Belt areas are more preserved naturally in some degree. Proportion of naturally preserved parcels in the Green Belt is 6,5% higher from the proportion of whole Estonia.
Natural values analysis was based on map analysis of EELIS (Estonian Nature Information System) map layers. Hypothesis was that Green Belt has more natural values than in the rest of Estonia. Result was that percentage of most natural values observed in this study, were higher or equal compared to Estonia´s total figures. The largest percentage difference occurs in limited-conservation areas, where Green Belt percentage was 9% larger than percentage of all Estonian areas. Estonia´s diverse and well preserved coastal areas ensure high natural values percentage and Green Belt areas have in most of natural values larger percentages, also the percentage of protected territory is larger in Green Belt areas than in the rest of Estonian areas and therefore the hypothesis is confirmed. But it should be noted, that percentage difference was not significantly large.
To investigate socio-economic background in Estonian Green Belt areas, database of Statistics Estonia was used. Hypothesis was that Green Belt areas are socio-economically less-developed, compared to Estonian average. Data processing showed that socio-economic indicators are worse off in western areas – Hiiu, Saare and Lääne County. Population in western areas is smaller and land is less suitable for agricultural usage, what makes those areas disadvantageous. Socio-economic indicators in Northern Green Belt areas are increased due to Tallinn and its large proportion of the population and economy. When comparing Green Belt areas socio-economic background to Estonia´s averages with Harjumaa, the hypothesis is not confirmed, but comparing data without Harju County, then the Green Belt areas are socio-economically disadvantaged and the hypothesis is confirmed
Wildfires in Tartu County in 2014-2022
No full textBakalaureusetöö
Keskkonnakaitse õppekavalMetsa- ja maastikutulekahjudel on looduses oluline roll, ent inimtegevuse tõttu on
põlengute arv suurem, kui looduslikult oleks. Töö eesmärgiks oli analüüsida Tartu
maakonna 2014–2022 aasta metsa- ja maastikutulekahjude infot. Töö põhineb
Päästeameti metsa- ja maastikutulekahjude avaandmetel (10131 sündmust), paiknemise
analüüsiks kasutati ETAK ja RMK kaardikihte. Uuritud ajaperioodil oli Eesti põlengute
arv languses, ent seda eelkõige kergemate põlengute arvelt. Tartumaa oli põlengute arvult
Eesti maakondadest kolmandal kohal. Tartumaa põlengute puhul leiti seos teedega, aga ei
leitud seost RMK puhkerajatistega. Tulemused kinnitavad inimtegevuse ja põlengute
süttimise vahelist seost.Forest and landscape fires play an important role in nature, but due to human activity, the
number of fires is higher than it would be naturally. The aim of the work was to analyze
information on forest and landscape fires in Tartu County in 2014–2022. The work is
based on the open data of forest and landscape fires of the Rescue Board (10131 events),
ETAK and RMK map layers were used for location analysis. During the studied time
period, the number of fires in Estonia decreased, but mainly at the expense of lighter fires.
Tartu County ranked third among Estonian counties in terms of the number of fires. A
connection with roads was found in the fires in Tartu County, but no connection was found
with RMK recreation facilities. The results confirm the connection between human
activity and the ignition of fires
Landsat TM piltide abil saadud metsade keskmiste NDVI väärtuste seosed metsade takseertunnustega
No full texthttps://www.ester.ee/record=b5739381*es
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Projekti „Liigikaitseliselt oluliste ranna-alade kaitsemeetmed – väärtuste hinnang ja lahendused“ alusuuring
Get PDFKäesolev töö on koostatud projekti „Liigikaitseliselt oluliste ranna-alade kaitsemeetmed – väärtuste
hinnang ja lahendused“ alusuuringuna. Töö osadeks on seletuskiri ja GIS-andmestik projektialade ja
nende lähiümbruse (300 m) maakatte ja pika ajalooga puistualade kohta. Töö koostas Eesti Maaülikool
ajavahemikus september 2018 – detsember 2020. Töögruppi kuulusid Janar Raet, Maaria Semm, Eva-
Lena Sepp, Kalev Sepp (Eesti Maaülikool).Viitamine: Raet, J., Semm. M. 2020. Projektialade maakate ja pika ajalooga puistualad. "Liigikaitseliselt oluliste ranna-alade kaitsemeetmed - väärtuste hinnang ja lahendused (1.02.2019-10.12.2020)" projekti alusuuring. Eesti Maaülikool, Põllumajandus- ja keskkonnainstituut, Keskkonnakaitse ja maastikukorralduse õppetool.Projekti koostamist toetas Keskkonnainvesteeringute Keskus keskkonnaprogrammi looduskaitse alamprogrammist (projekt nr 15419)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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