1,720,997 research outputs found
Vaksin DNA: Vaksin Generasi Keempat
Full text linkVaccines have been developed for a range of different infectious diseases. The complex-ity of microbial infections requires novel approaches to vaccine design. The first-generation of vaccines were live attenuated pathogens. Because of safety concerns, the second-generation of vaccines, chemically or physically inactivated pathogens were later developed. Purified or synthetic proteins represent a third generation, and recent advances in molecular biology and genetic engineering have led to the development of the fourth vaccine generation, which includes DNA and virus vector-based vaccines. This review discusses on the genetic elements and construction of DNA vaccines, comparison of DNA vaccines and conventional vaccines, the benefits and limitations of DNA vaccines, and the advances of genetic vaccine development over the last decade
Avian Influenza A (H5N1) : Patogenesis, Pencegahan Dan Penyebaran Pada Manusia
Full text linkAvian influenza A (H5N1), or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), has become the worldÂ’s attention because of possibility of global pandemic. This review describes the features of human infection, pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical management of avian influenza A (H5N1)
Vaksin Kanker
Full text linkCancer vaccines are medicines that work by stimulating or restoring the immune system’s ability to fight cancers and disease. There are two types of cancer vaccines, prophylactic cancer vaccines, which are intended to prevent cancer from developing in healthy people, and treatment cancer vaccines, which are intended to treat already existing cancers by strengthening the body’s natural defenses against cancer. This article discusses about cancer vaccines including the role of microbes that are respon-sible of human tumor, the mode of action of cancer vaccines and the efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in preventing various benign and malignant condi-tions, including cervical cancers caused by HPV
PENDEKATAN FARMAKOGENOMIK DALAM PENGEMBANGAN OBAT BARU
Full text linkThe human population is heterogeneous and consists of populations of immense ethnic diversity. There are considerable allelic differences between human popula-tions as well as individuals within each ethnic group as a result of molecular hetero-geneity of the genome. This, in turn, is responsible for differential allelic expression of genes endowing them with polymorphic characters. The molecular diversity within genes is responsible amongst others, of disease resistance or susceptibility or for that matter drug response. Pharmacogenomics is the key to the understanding of differ-ential drug response in different patients in relation to genetic constitution. The revelation of such information at the molecular level would assist the pharmaceuti-cal industry to address a therapy directed to each individual. The objective of this article is to understand the nuances of the genetic repertoire and correlate it with disease gene identification, genes that have been or can be used as drug targets, identify candidate genes for drug development and recent trends in drug discovery
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