1,721,005 research outputs found
Efficiency and competition in the investment banking industry
Get PDFQuesta tesi tratta sostanzialmente tre temi principali, inerenti l’efficienza e la competizione nell’ambito dell’investment bank, ognuno dei quali costituisce un capitolo della stessa. Il primo dei temi (Cap.2) ripercorre e recensisce la letteratura sull’argomento investment banking e fornisce una indicazione sulle tendenze più recenti nell’industria. Il secondo tema (Cap.3) analizza costo e guadagno di efficienza relativamente al caso di un investment banks per i paesi del G7 (Canada, Francia, Germania, Italia, Giappone, Gran Bretagna e Stati uniti d’America) e la Svizzera prima della recente crisi finanziaria.
Si è adottata la metodologia proposta da Coelli et al. (1999) per adattare (o aggiustare) il costo stimato e gli scores del guadagno di efficienza alle influenze dei fattori ambientali inclusi i “key banks’ risks”, i fattori specifici del sistema bancario e di quello industriale e le condizioni macroeconomiche.
I risultati a nostra disposizione ci suggeriscono che non tenere in considerazione i fattori ambientali può far spostare notevolmente gli scores registrati per i guadagni di efficienza dell’investment bannks. In particolare, il considerare i fattori di rischio bancario, (incluse liquidità ed esposizione al rischio) è stato molto importante per poter fissare accuratamente il guadagno di efficienza: vale a dire che i valori calcolati per il guadagno di efficienza sarebbero stati notevolmente sottostimati se non si fosse tenuto conto del rischio preso dalla banca. I dati ottenuti ci suggeriscono anche un altro fatto molto interessante, che la scala (o grandezza) influisce su entrambe i fattori; il costo e il guadano di profitto, sebbene ciò non implichi che mercati più concentrati siano per questo più efficienti.
Per ultimo (Cap.4) si è cercato di investigare la relazione esistente tra potere di mercato ed efficienza e di esplorare le caratteristiche di condizioni competitive nell’investment banking mondiale.
Al fine di condurre le analisi delle condizioni di competitività dei diversi paesi e del livello di efficienza regionale, abbiamo utilizzato inizialmente l’approccio delle frontiere stocastiche per creare il modello del costo efficienza e in un secondo momento abbiamo investigato l’indice di Lerner sul potere del monopolio per testare il grado di potere di mercato nell’industria dell’investment banking.
Per comprendere più a fondo gli schemi di competizione in tale industria abbiamo utilizzato i modelli proposti da Panzer e Rosse per il calcolo del grado di competizione nell’investment banking mondiale. Da ultimo, per investigare la relazione esistente tra potere di mercato ed efficienza abbiamo applicato un test di casualità. I dati utilizzati sono stati quelli provenienti dal bilancio, dalle dichiarazioni di reddito e dai report annuali per i 15 paesi presi in esame nel periodo 2001-2008. Le analisi effettuate evidenziano il fatto che i mercati mondiali dell’investment banking hanno iniziato ad essere progressivamente più concentrati e con un costo efficienza minore. Comunque questo non è stato il caso di tutti i paesi. Inoltre, L’investment bank sembra aver ridotto i loro costi marginali più velocemente della caduta dei prezzi e questo ha condotto ad un aumento nell’indice di Lerner che suggerisce quindi un più elevato potere di mercato. I risultati provenienti dalle statistiche di H, ci portano a conclusioni analoghe, indicando l’esistenza di oligopoli in conflitto nel mercato. Le evidenze di una relazione tra potere di mercato ed efficienza non è immediata, e altri fattori (tra cui gli incentivi al rischio, il contesto e la struttura delle regole etc) potrebbero influenzare sia la grandezza che la direzione di tale relazione e quindi potrebbero essere presi in considerazione per gli sviluppi futuri della ricerca su questa tematica.This thesis consists of three substantive essays on investment bank efficiency and competition, each constituting a separate chapter. The first essay (Chapter 2) reviews the literature on investment banking and provides indication on the recent trends in the industry.
The second essay (Chapter 3) analyses cost and profit efficiency for a sample of investment banks for the G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and US) and Switzerland prior to the recent financial crisis. We follow Coelli et al. (1999)’s methodology to adjust the estimated cost and profit efficiency scores for environmental influences including key banks’ risks, bank and industry specific factors and macroeconomic conditions. Our evidence suggests that failing to account for environmental factors can considerably bias the efficiency scores for investment banks. Specifically, bank-risk taking factors (including liquidity and capital risk exposures) are found particularly important to accurately assess profit efficiency: i.e. profit efficiency estimates are consistently underestimated without accounting for bank risk-taking. Interestingly, our evidence suggests that size matters for both cost and profit efficiency, however this does not imply that more concentrated markets are more efficient.
The final essay (Chapter 4) investigates the relationship between market power and efficiency, and explores characteristics of competitive conditions in worldwide investment banking. In order to conduct analysis of the countries competitive conditions and regional efficiency level, first we use stochastic frontier approach to model cost efficiency, and second we investigates Lerner index of monopoly power to test the degree of the market power in the investment banking industry. To further comprehend competition pattern in the industry we use Panzar and Rosse model to assess the degree of competition in worldwide investment banking. Lastly, to investigate the relationship between market power and efficiency, we apply a causality test. Data used was obtained from balance sheet, income statement and annual reports data for the 15 countries over 2001-2008 periods. The analysis highlights the fact that the investment banking markets worldwide are becoming progressively more concentrated and less cost efficient. However this is not the case for all the countries. Further, investment banks seem to have reduced their marginal costs faster than price falls and this led to an increase in the Lerner index thus suggesting greater market power. Results from H: Statistics lead to similar conclusions, hence indicating existence of colluding oligopoly in the market. The findings on the relationship between market power and efficiency is not straightforward and that other factors (such as among others, risk incentives, regulatory framework and contestability) may influence both the magnitude and the direction of the relationship and therefore should be accounted for in future research in this area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Action of the mobius group ¨ M = hx, y : x 2 = y 6 = 1i on certain real quadratic fields
No full textLet C 0 = C ∪ {∞} be the extended complex plane and M = ­ x, y : x 2 = y 6 = 1® , where x(z) = −1 3z and y(z) = −1 3(z+1) are the linear fractional transformations from C 0 → C 0 . Let m be a squarefree positive integer. Then Q∗ ( √ n) = { a+ √ n c : a, c 6= 0, b = a 2−n c ∈ Z and (a, b, c) = 1} where n = k 2m, is a proper subset of Q( √ m) for all k ∈ N. For non-square n = 3h Qr i=1 p ki i , it was proved in an earlier paper by the same authors that the set Q 000 ( √ n) = { α t : α ∈ Q∗ ( √ n), t = 1, 3} is M-set ∀ h ≥ 0 whereas if h = 0 or 1, then Q∗∗∗√ n) = { a+ √ n c : a+ √ n c ∈ Q∗ ( √ n) and 3 | c} is an M-subset of Q 000 ( √ n) = Q∗ ( √ n) ∪ Q∗∗∗( √ 9n). In this paper we prove that if h ≥ 2, then Q 000 ( √ n) = (Q∗ ( pn 9 )\Q∗∗∗( pn 9 ))∪Q∗ ( √ n)∪Q∗∗∗( √ 9n) and also determine its proper M-subsets. In particular Q( √ m) \ Q = ∪Q 000 ( √ k 2m) for all k ∈ N
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
