1,720,973 research outputs found
Cooperative banks: What do we know about competition and risk preferences?
Get PDFIn the wake of the Global Financial Crisis the discussion on preventive regulatory policies has generally overlooked the role of different business models and goals. Credit institutions with mutual objectives are a case in point that is the object of this study, which focuses on the relationship between competition and financial stability in European cooperative banking between 2006 and 2014. Our results show that there exists a hump-shaped relationship between market power and stability, particularly in the loan market. Interestingly, we also find that, diversification in assets and liabilities significantly increases cooperative banks' solvency
Efficiency and Risk-Taking in Pre-Crisis Investment Banks
Get PDFInvestment banks’ core functions expose them to a wide array of risks. This paper analyses cost and profit efficiency for a sample of investment banks for the G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and US) and Switzerland prior to the recent financial crisis. We follow Coelli et al. (J Prod Anal 11:251–273, 1999)’s methodology to adjust the estimated cost and profit efficiency scores for environmental influences including key banks’ risks, bank- and industry- specific factors and macroeconomic conditions. Our evidence suggests that failing to account for environmental factors can considerably bias the efficiency scores for investment banks. Specifically, bank risk-taking factors (including liquidity and capital risk exposures) are found particularly important to accurately assess profit efficiency: i.e. profit efficiency estimates are consistently underestimated without accounting for bank risk-taking. Interestingly, our evidence suggests that size matters for both cost and profit efficiency, however this does not imply that more concentrated markets are more efficient
Shareholder value creation in Japanese banking
No full textAbstractThis paper advances the study of Fiordelisi and Molyneux (2010) by examining the shareholder value efficiency and its determinants for a large sample of Japanese banks between 1999 and 2011. A new, specifically tailored measure of the Economic Value Added approach, based on the shadow price of equity, is developed in order to account for specific characteristics of the Japanese banking system. This new “shareholder value measure” is then used in a dynamic panel data model as a linear function of various bank-risk, bank-specific, and macroeconomic variables. This study finds that cost efficiency gains, credit risk and bank size are the most important factors in explaining the shareholder value creation in Japanese banking. Cost efficiency changes are also found to significantly influence cost of equity capital
Monetary policy and the banking sector in Turkey
Get PDFWe find that monetary policy influenced Turkish bank lending between 1991 and 2007 through the money and bank lending channels. While capital and GDP growth have positive and significant long-run effects on bank loan growth, inflation, bank size and efficiency are not significant determinants. The latter is despite our finding that all Turkish banks' efficiency improved over the period. Domestic banks are unexpectedly found to be more efficient than foreign banks. With no evident dynamics or fixed-effects in loan growth we prefer the pooled-OLS estimator. We caution against assuming fixed-effects and dynamics are present as this may adversely affect inference. © 2013 Elsevier B.V
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
BANK PERFORMANCE AND THE SHADOW PRICE OF CAPITAL
No full textThe equity-capital to assets ratio in banks has become a critical focus of attention in financial stability policy. An important aspect of this is the relationship between deleveraging and the return on equity capital which have become key areas in measuring the costs and benefits of bank re-capitalization; participants in the policy debate on financial stability are concerned with the costs of re-establishing the capital basis of many banks in Europe. In this paper we examine an important case study sample which may offer lessons for European policy makers; this is the evolution of the banking system in Japan over the period 2000-2010. Japan is one of the countries where the re-capitalization issue has already played a major role in policy making. One important aspect is that where many banks are unlisted, it is difficult to measure the cost of equity capital and to evaluate the policy debate. We offer a suggested way forward to providing an econometric estimate of the shadow rate of return on bank equity capital so that the re-capitalization issue can be analysed. Using a large panel data sample, we estimate the shadow return on equity capital for both listed and unlisted banks by measuring the loans-fundingequity technology through the dual cost function. We include measures of risk and non-performing loans in the analysis. The results enable us to calculate the productivity impacts of the variation over time in the shadow return on equity arising from the constraint on the balance sheet implied by the need to recapitalize. We offer policy conclusions and suggest how the models can be used to develop measures of market competition
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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