1,721,029 research outputs found
Identification, phylogénie et caractérisation du profil des mycotoxines des espèces pathogènes Fusarium et Alternaria associées aux syndromes de déclin soudain et aux symptômes de flétrissement et de tâches foliaires du palmier dattier en Tunisie
No full textIn heel Noord-Afrika wordt op grote schaal dadelpalmen gekweekt. In Tunesië neemt de dadelpalm een strategische plaats in de sociaal-economische stabiliteit van semi-aride en aride gebieden. Ver-scheidene biotische en abiotische factoren kunnen de dadelpalmteelt in gevaar brengen. In 2017 observeerden we uitgebreide symptomen van plotselinge achteruitgang, bladverwelking en bladvlek-ken op dadelpalmen in zuidelijk Tunesië. Fusarium was het meest waargenomen schimmel geslacht. De sequenties van TEF1, Calm1 en RPB2 werden gebruikt om de Fusarium stammen te identifice-ren. De voornaamste gedetecteerde soort was F. proliferatum, en in veel mindere mate F. brachygib-bosum, F. caatingaense, F. clavum, F. incarnatum, en F. solani. Alle Fusarium soorten waren patho-geen en voldeden aan Koch's postulaten. De F. proliferatum stammen produceerden vooral fumo-nisinen (FB's), beauvericine (BEA), en, in mindere mate, enniatinen (ENN's) en moniliformine (MON). Alle F. brachygibbosum stammen produceerden lage gehalten BEA, diacetoxyscirpenol, en neosolaniol; twee stammen produceerden ook T-2 toxine, en een enkele stam HT-2 toxine. Fusarium caatingaense, F. clavum en F. incarnatum produceerden alleen BEA.
De F. solani stammen produceerden MON, BEA, en ENNs. Voor het derde syndroom, bladvlekken, worden Alternaria soorten worden echter gerapporteerd als de meest frequente ziekteverwekkers. Vijftig stammen werden geïsoleerd en geïdentificeerd als Alternaria en Curvularia. Door sequentie-bepaling van de allergen-alt-1a, GPD en calm1 genen konden we 35 stammen, geïdentificeerd als A. arborescens, A. tenuissima en A.alternata soorten, en 10 stammen, geïdentificeerd als A. consortialis. Op basis van de analyse van de seqentie van de gecombineerde Internal Transcribed Spacer, GPD en Elongation factor, werden alle 5 Curvularia stammen geïdentificeerd als C. spicifera.
Alle Alternaria en Curvularia soorten die op dadelpalm plantjes getest werden, bleken pathogeen te zijn, en voldeden aan Koch's postulaten. Het vermogen om in vitro mycotoxinen te produceren werd geanalyseerd. Geen van de A. consortialis stammen produceerde enig mycotoxine, terwijl meer dan 80% van de stammen uit de Alternaria sectie zeer wisselende hoeveelheden van meerdere mycotoxi-nen produceerde, zoals AOH, AME, TEN en TA. Bovendien produceerde 40% van de stammen van de Alternaria sectie ook ALT. We testten ook de productie van FB's. Enkel de C. spicifera stammen vertoonden het vermogen fumonisinen te produceren.
Dit werk rapporteert voor het eerst een uitgebreide multidisciplinaire studie van schimmel pathogene soorten die in verband gebracht worden met sudden decline disease, bladverwelking en bladvlekken op dadelpalmen, waarbij zowel fytopathologische als voedselveiligheids kwesties aan de orde komen.
De gevoeligheid van de isolaten voor zeven fungiciden werd geëvalueerd zowel in in vitro proeven als in het veld. In vitro bleken de contactfungiciden uitstekend te werken. Van de doordringende fungiciden vertoonde Luna Experience een hogere werkzaamheid tegen Fusarium soorten om de myceliumgroei te remmen. Ook vertoonde het een vergelijkbaar effect tegen Alternaria en Curvula-ria soorten. Wat contactfungiciden betreft, werd de beste remming gerapporteerd voor Biobac WP. En het derde fungicide dat een uitstekende werking tegen Alternaria vertoonde was Carial Top. Een veldproef met deze drie beste fungiciden tegen dadelpalm bladziekte veroorzaakt door A. arbores-cens, bevestigde hun werkzaamheidDate palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is widely cultivated across North Africa. In Tunisia, with about 300 thousand tons of fruits produced per year, date palm occupies a strategic place in the socio-economic stability of semiarid and arid regions. Several biotic and abiotic factors can compromise date palm cultivation. In 2017–2018, extensive symptoms of sudden decline, leaf wilt symptoms were and leaf spots observed on date palms in southern Tunisia. Based on morphological identification, Fusarium was the most frequent fungal genus detected. A sequencing of translation elongation factor, calmodulin, and second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II genes was used to identify 63 representative Fusarium strains at species level and investigate their phylogenetic relationships. The main species detected was F. proliferatum, and at a much lesser extent, F. brachygibbosum, F. caatingaense, F. clavum, F. incarnatum, and F. solani. Pathogenicity on the ‘Deglet nour’ variety plantlets and the capability to produce mycotoxins were also assessed. All Fusarium species were pathogenic complying Koch’s pos-tulates. F. proliferatum strains produced mainly fumonisins (FBs), beauvericin (BEA), and, to a lesser extent, enniatins (ENNs) and moniliformin (MON). All F. brachygibbosum strains pro-duced low levels of BEA, diacetoxyscirpenol, and neosolaniol; two strains produced also T-2 toxin, and a single strain produced HT-2 toxin. Fusarium caatingaense, F. clavum, F. incar-natum produced only BEA. F. solani strains produced MON, BEA, and ENNs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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