10 research outputs found
Application of integrated yoga therapy to increase imitation skills in children with autism spectrum disorder
No full textBackground/Aim: Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in imitation skills, which impede the acquisition of more complex behavior and socialization. Imitation is often targeted early in intervention plans and continues to be addressed throughout the child′s treatment. The use of integrated approach to yoga therapy (IAYT) as a complementary therapy for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is rarely reported and little is known on the effectiveness of such therapies. This study investigated IAYT as a treatment method with children with ASD to increase imitative skills. Materials and Methods: Parents and six children with ASD participated in a 10-month program of 5-weekly sessions and regular practice at home. Pre, mid and post treatment assessments included observers and parent ratings of children′s imitation skills in tasks related to imitation skills such as gross motor actions, vocalization, complex imitation, oral facial movements and imitating breathing exercises. Results: Improvement in children′s imitation skills especially pointing to body, postural and oral facial movements. Parents reported change in the play pattern of these children with toys, peers and objects at home. Conclusions: This study indicates that IAYT may offer benefits as an effective tool to increase imitation, cognitive skills and social-communicative behaviors in children with ASD. In addition, children exhibited increased skills in eye contact, sitting tolerance, non-verbal communication and receptive skills to verbal commands related to spatial relationship
Integrated approach to yoga therapy and autism spectrum disorders
No full textA specially designed Integrated Approach to Yoga Therapy module was applied to Autism Spectrum Disorders over a period of two academic years. Despite low numbers (six in each arm), consistency and magnitude of effects make the findings significant. Parental participation, allowing firm guidance to be given to each child, resulted in significant improvements in imitation and other skills, and in behavior at home and family relationships. We hypothesize that guided imitation of therapist body positions stimulated mirror neuron activation, resulting in improved sense of self
Layered Language in Ayi Kwei Armah’s the Beautiful Ones Are Not Yet Born
No full textLanguage is used by writers in multiple ways to effectively convey the writer’s vision. This paper explores the Ghanian novelist Ayi Kwei Armah’s novel The Beautiful Ones Are Not Yet Bornand its layered use of language. How effectively can the realist mode portray a sense of deep despair? What are the layered levels at which language and narration must function to achieve the wrenching impact the author seeks to impart? What visual imagery or symbolic language can a writer use to convey the unconveyable? How can such elements be woven seamlessly into a realistic narrative? This paper examines some of these questions, and attempts to unravel the multiple ways in which descriptive language, revolting metaphors and nauseating scatological imagery are employed in the text
NMR studies of bio-systems at high pressure
No full textDipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol bilayer membranes were studied using \sp2H and \sp{31}P NMR spectroscopy over the pressure range from 1 bar to 5 kbar. The phase diagram was constructed, structure and dynamics of the bilayers were examined. The pressure dependence of the dynamic and conformational characteristics were studied using \sp{31}P NMR spectroscopy at 50\sp\circC over the pressure range from 1 bar to 5 kbar. Cholesterol is able to maintain the mobility of the head groups despite the ordering of hydrocarbon chains in clear contrast to the same in pure DPPC bilayers where large changes in the head group motion was evident. Limited interdigitation of the chain region was evident in the presence of 20 mol% cholesterol. The spin lattice relaxation times cross over from fast to slow correlation time regime with the main phase transition from the liquid crystal to gel phase.Pressure induced reversible unfolding of lysozyme was investigated by high resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy by following the proton spectra of the following residues: His-15\sp{\varepsilon1}, Trp-28\sp{\varepsilon3}, Leu-17\sp{\delta\sp2}, Cys-64\sp\alpha and Trp-108\sp{\varepsilon3}. The experiments were performed at pH = 3.9 and 68.5\sp\circC in the pressure range from 1 bar to 5 kbar both in the absence and presence tri-N-acetylglucosamine (tri-NAG). Small but statistically significant differences in V were found for residues located in different regions of the protein. The effect of tri-NAG binding to lysozyme was to change of V from 10.3 0.6 to cm\sp3/mol to 18.1 1.7 cm\sp3/mol for the Trp-108\sp{\varepsilon3} residue which is located close to the active site. It is important to note that the Cys-64\sp\alpha residue also senses the binding of the substrate analog. The ability to detect statistically significant differences for V of individual residues located in different regions of lysozyme represents the main result of these experiments.The pressure induced unfolding of -helix, the helix-coil transition, of poly-N\sp5- (3-hydroxypropyl)-L-glutamine was investigated by high resolution \sp1H and \sp{13}C NMR spectroscopy and circular dichroism in aqueous medium and 7:3 methanol/water mixture at different temperatures. The line widths and spin lattice relaxation times were measured as a function of pressure over the range 1 bar to 5 kbar. Pressure induces an anomalous line width behavior facilitating exploration of the changes in H-bonding interactions associated with the helix-coil transition process. The current results provide reinforcing evidence for the proposed existence of an intermediate conformational state between the random coil and the -helix. A calibration curve for the estimation of the helix content in PHPG solutions was constructed.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Hand and horse labor for an unemployment relief project concerning Kansas State Agricultural College athletic grounds
No full textTouchstone is Kansas State University's student-edited literary arts magazine that showcases literary work by graduate and undergraduate students. It is published annually each spring by the College of Arts and Sciences with assistance from Kansas State University's creative writing faculty, the Fine Arts Council, and the English Department.CONTENTS: 02:10:31 / Kevin Brown -- Leona / Jimbo Ivy -- Maturing / Jerrod Bohn -- Drift 1 / Brianna Mishler -- Ghost of Christmas past / Heather Farris -- Novena to St. Rita / Jerrod Bohn -- Lists / Moira Niebauer -- Window washer at noon / Ericka Brunson -- Puddle 1 / Brianna Mishler -- Closing the store on summer nights / Dennis Etzel, Jr. -- Opera / Emily H. Freeman -- The story / Dunya Mikhail -- Author Profile: Dunya Mikhail [interview] / Lamees Al-Athari -- Hell point / Jonathan Hall -- Love is a good night at the bars / Kyleigh Payne -- Static in the form of a red circle / Ericka Brunson -- From an artist's letter to a young man / Allison Branch -- Touch / Katherine Settle -- Becoming Banksy / Sean Conner -- The occupations of sating / Austin Tremblay -- Pioneer spirit / Tracy Tucker -- Blue River ice / Jonathan Hall -- A celiac break-up / Allison Branch -- Hog killing weather / Richard Boada -- Cameo / Trina Burke -- Birth II / Brianna Mishler -- Anatomy of a dying town / Lauren Tipton -- Bed & breakfast / Tom O'Connor -- September / Chella Courington -- Aquatic / Katherine Settle -- Autopsy and a eulogy / Clay Cogswell -- Navajo woman / Kimo Armitage -- How I spent my father's cancer / Kyleigh Payne -- Malevolent / Jonathan Hall -- Us in a mirror / Richard Boada -- San Francisco #5: even housing projects are pretty / Shantha Laura Susman -- Author Profile: Charles Baxter [interview] / David Murphy & Katherine Settle -- Interior #7 / Katherine Settle -- Soul bruise at 27.39726027 years / Marc Welsh -- Almost like music / Meredith Duling -- Curves and hollows / Aileen Sanku -- Ethereal / Jonathan Hall -- Honeymoon / Amy Forgue -- On Decatur / Jenny Molberg -- Queen Wilhelmina, in exile, Ottawa, Canada / Laura Dunn -- Geode / Brianna Mishler -- Luneberry grove / Miranda Merklein -- When Berryman died / Chella CouringtonCitation: Murphy, D. (Ed.). (2008). Touchstone, 40.Morse Department of Special Collection
PREDICTION OF SOME OF THE DOUBLY EXCITED STATES OF CO AND MOLECULES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN PREDICTING THE `ENERGY OF ACTIVATION' OF A REACTION AND THE MECHANISM OF CATALYST LIKE ENZYMES
No full textAuthor Institution: New York University, Department of ChemistryA large number of phenomena such as `energy of activation' of a reaction and the mechanism of catalyst could be interpreted if it were possible to divide the energy of activation () in two parts, that is . This energy of activation of a substrate could donate part of the energy to the antibonding orbital of the enzyme having energy level of the the order of , thus lower activation energy. Therefore, an attempt has been made to form the doubly excited states of CO and and calculate the energy of the doubly excited orbitals by subtracting the energy of the excited state from that of the ground state of the molecule. Similar calculations have been carried out for the known singly excited states of these molecules. In both cases an independent check of the energies has been made by the application of the well known Koopmans' theorem. The configuration along with total energy of the doubly excited states and the results of the computation of the excitation energies will be discussed
A Study of Problems of Child Labour in Diamond industry in Selected Cities of Gujarat
No full textIt is clear that the practice of child labour in the society would deprive the child of his basic human rights; his right to education and learning; his right to entertainment and interact with peers as also his right to enjoy the beauty of the world around him and to develop a rounded personality. The children drawn to the labour force are not themselves choosing to work at such an early age. They are rather compelled to join the labour force against their will by certain familial and social circumstances. The circumstances which bring the minor children to work in the labour force can be characterized as socioeconomic compulsion such as poverty, unemployment of the adult family members etc. The present study has been conducted in the urban localities of Gujarat state. The study focuses mainly on the factors, which compel the children to adopt occupational roles at a tender age. This study is based on primary data collected from 400 working children in Diamond Industry of Gujarat state
A genetic basis for a postmeiotic X versus Y chromosome intragenomic conflict in the mouse.
No full textIntragenomic conflicts arise when a genetic element favours its own transmission to the detriment of others. Conflicts over sex chromosome transmission are expected to have influenced genome structure, gene regulation, and speciation. In the mouse, the existence of an intragenomic conflict between X- and Y-linked multicopy genes has long been suggested but never demonstrated. The Y-encoded multicopy gene Sly has been shown to have a predominant role in the epigenetic repression of post meiotic sex chromatin (PMSC) and, as such, represses X and Y genes, among which are its X-linked homologs Slx and Slxl1. Here, we produced mice that are deficient for both Sly and Slx/Slxl1 and observed that Slx/Slxl1 has an opposite role to that of Sly, in that it stimulates XY gene expression in spermatids. Slx/Slxl1 deficiency rescues the sperm differentiation defects and near sterility caused by Sly deficiency and vice versa. Slx/Slxl1 deficiency also causes a sex ratio distortion towards the production of male offspring that is corrected by Sly deficiency. All in all, our data show that Slx/Slxl1 and Sly have antagonistic effects during sperm differentiation and are involved in a postmeiotic intragenomic conflict that causes segregation distortion and male sterility. This is undoubtedly what drove the massive gene amplification on the mouse X and Y chromosomes. It may also be at the basis of cases of F1 male hybrid sterility where the balance between Slx/Slxl1 and Sly copy number, and therefore expression, is disrupted. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first demonstration of a competition occurring between X and Y related genes in mammals. It also provides a biological basis for the concept that intragenomic conflict is an important evolutionary force which impacts on gene expression, genome structure, and speciation
The role of nongovernmental organizations in primary education - a study of six NGOs in India
No full textNongovernmental organizations (NGOs) extend education to underprivileged children in India, and develop innovations that improve the quality of primary education. In this study of six NGOs working with school-age children in India, the author shows the potential benefits of a government-NGO alliance to achieve universal primary education. The author emphasizes several areas in which collaboration can be particularly fruitful. 1) Targeting under-served children: The Government could support the efforts of NGOs to bring out-of-school children into schools, through timely supply of teachers, classroom space, and other resources. Targeted action is needed to reach different types of out-of-school children - those who work, those who live in slums, those on the street, those who are members of tribes, or of migrant families, and those who live in places without schools. To encourage young, first-generation learners to stay in school, requires a supportive, and nurturing environment. To help make learning interesting, and worthwhile for such children, teachers in government schools could receive special training in new methods developed by NGOs. 2) Enhancing quality: Improving the quality of education requires working closely with key agents of change, such as teachers, school heads, school management committees, and village education committees. To develop a cadre of trainers for primary school teachers, teacher training institutes would do well to evaluate, and learn from NGO models for teacher training. Teachers need a range of knowledge, and skills to teach underprivileged children effectively. Here again, NGO models would be a useful tool for teacher training institutes. NGOs, and the government could collaborate in developing appropriate, and flexible learning assessment tools, in line with innovative teaching, and learning methods. But without safeguards, large-scale replication by the government of such NGO innovations as the"alternative school"and the"voluntary teacher"could lower the quality of education. 3) Government-NGO links: The Government and NGOs will need to share a common vision on how to achieve universal primary education if India is to reach this goal. NGOs can be credible partners with the government in shaping policies for primary education. This entails collaboration, rather than parallel initiatives by NGOs. To stay at the cutting edge in education, NGOs should continually evaluate, and refine their models. If NGOs are to play a policy role in education, two areas that have been neglected will need to be addressed - NGO capacity building, and organizational development.Primary Education,Teaching and Learning,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Gender and Education,Curriculum&Instruction
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Variations in Electronic Health Record-Based Definitions of Diabetic Retinopathy Cohorts A Literature Review and Quantitative Analysis
No full textPurpose: Use of the electronic health record (EHR) has motivated the need for data standardization. A gap in knowledge exists regarding variations in existing terminologies for defining diabetic retinopathy (DR) cohorts. This study aimed to review the literature and analyze variations regarding codified definitions of DR.
Design: Literature review and quantitative analysis.
Subjects: Published manuscripts.
Methods: Four graders reviewed PubMed and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed studies. Studies were included if they used codified definitions of DR (e.g., billing codes). Data elements such as author names, publication year, purpose, data set type, and DR definitions were manually extracted. Each study was reviewed by ≥ 2 authors to validate inclusion eligibility. Quantitative analyses of the codified definitions were then performed to characterize the variation between DR cohort definitions.
Main Outcome Measures: Number of studies included and numeric counts of billing codes used to define codified cohorts.
Results: In total, 43 studies met the inclusion criteria. Half of the included studies used datasets based on structured EHR data (i.e., data registries, institutional EHR review), and half used claims data. All but 1 of the studies used billing codes such as the International Classification of Diseases 9th or 10th edition (ICD-9 or ICD-10), either alone or in addition to another terminology for defining disease. Of the 27 included studies that used ICD-9 and the 20 studies that used ICD-10 codes, the most common codes used pertained to the full spectrum of DR severity. Diabetic retinopathy complications (e.g., vitreous hemorrhage) were also used to define some DR cohorts.
Conclusions: Substantial variations exist among codified definitions for DR cohorts within retrospective studies. Variable definitions may limit generalizability and reproducibility of retrospective studies. More work is needed to standardize disease cohorts.
Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article
