1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Productivity, behavior, and environmental impact of outdoor gestating sows
No full textFrom ancient times, the pig has been a scavenger, living and foraging in forests, woods, and orchards. However, in the recent past, the need for specialization and increasing food demand has seen all stages of sow production move towards confinement units. A number of challenges including high costs of initial investment on facilities, animal welfare, public perception, odor, waste management, and issues of sustainability, face indoor production systems. Outdoor production systems are favorable in terms of low capital investment, flexibility, and perceived welfare advantages. Outdoor production systems are becoming popular due to stringent regulatory procedures and guidelines for producers directed towards confinement systems, especially in European countries and some parts of the United States. However, because of environmental concerns, the need to ensure that this method of production is sustainable still remains. Studies reported herein assess potential nutrient accumulation in soil on pastures occupied by sows, changes in percentage ground cover and botanical composition, productivity of sows and their litters, preference and use of selected forages by pregnant gilts. Dynamic assimilation model was performed for behavioral activities of outdoor pregnant sows as influenced by ambient temperature changes as well as time of day.
The first study compared soil-nitrate nitrogen (NO3") and phosphorus (P) accumulation, change in percentage of ground cover and botanical composition of burned and non-burned pastures with four replicates, each measuring 0.4 ha and occupied by seven pregnant gilts for 150 d. Productivity of sows and their litters were also evaluated, as well as effects of temperature on behavioral activities. Soil NO3' tended (P 0.05) to accumulate during dry periods when grass was dormant with no precipitation, but this changed with the onset of rains and forage re-growth. Soil NO3 were higher (P < 0.05) on outside sections of pastures were feeding took place. There were no differences in soil P between burned and non-burned pastures; however, levels tended to be higher (P < 0.08) on the non-burned pastures by the end of the study. Higher (P < 0.05) levels of P were noted on feeding area. Sows rooted more (P < 0.02) on cold d, whereas wallowing activity was higher (P < 0.001). Rooting holes and sizes increased as days increased, especially for the non-burned pastures. Sows on non-burned pastures lost more (P < 0.002) weight than those on burned pastures, however there were no differences in other measures of productivity.
Two stocking rates and two protein diets, in a factorial arrangement, were compared in the second study. Pastures (0.4 ha) that were occupied by 35 sows/ha lost more (P < 0.001) percentage of ground cover than those that had 17.5 sows per ha. More (P < 0.01) piglets were weaned per sow from the higher stocking rate than the lower one. No significant effects were noted in either soil nitrate concentrations or change in percentage of ground cover as a result of diet. Stocking rate is a management tool that can be used effectively to minimize loss of ground cover, especially from areas that tend to have less vegetative cover or have been more denuded. Diets given to sows can be tailored so that excessive nutrients are not excreted in the soil in this production system.
Preference and use of forages by sows was evaluated using alfalfa (Medicago sativa), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), white clover (Trifolium repens) and buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides). In the first study, two gilts had free access to each block of the four forages (four replicates) for 48 h. Clover and alfalfa were preferred more (P < 0.01) for grazing and rooting than fescue and buffalograss, and clover was rooted more than other forages. In second study where clover was excluded, gilts were randomly confined individually on single forages with six replicates. Alfalfa was grazed more (P < 0.01) than fescue and buffalograss. When the objective is to provide sows with an extra source of nutrition from forages, alfalfa may be a good choice, whereas when ground cover is the priority, either buffalograss or fescue might be better choices than clover depending on the geographical region, prevailing environmental conditions, and water availability.
Behavior of 91 pregnant outdoor sows were evaluated during 24 h, 10-min scan observations in winter, spring, and summer to determine effects of ambient temperature and time of day on behavioral changes as well as sow location within pasture. Mutually exclusive behaviors included standing, lying, rooting, drinking, and feeding, whereas locations were around the hub, middle section, around the wallow, inside hut, outside, and feeding area. Dynamic models were developed for active, wallowing, rooting sow behaviors, as well as use of hut. During low temperatures sows were more active in the middle of the day while warm temperatures caused a morning as well as evening peaks in active behaviors. Wallowing activity increased (P < 0.01) as temperatures increased, while rooting activity was higher during cooler than warmer temperatures. Sows used the hut more (P < 0.001) during cool and high temperatures to shelter from harsh conditions. The models help recognize changes in sow behavioral activities with shifts in ambient temperatures and thus could facilitate management decision making
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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