1,720,956 research outputs found
Performance of Women-led Political Parties in Lesotho’s 2022 National Elections
No full textSince the dawn of multi-party democracy in Lesotho in 1993, few political parties have been formed and led by women, and they are not doing well. The main political parties lack the political will and commitment to nominate women as leaders. In the elections of 7 October 2022, none of the main political parties were led by women and none of them won a single constituency. While many women-led parties could not make it into parliament, a few women leaders got into parliament through Proportional Representation (PR). Four women-led political parties contested the election, all of them performing dismally. It is important to explore why women-led political parties did not perform well, as Lesotho has signed and ratified international protocols on women’s empowerment and equality in politics, among others, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution 1325, the African Union (AU) Maputo Protocol, and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) protocol on gender and development. All these urge member states to ensure meaningful participation of women in politics and elections, specifically as leaders. We assess the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 5) on gender equality and women empowerment to measure the progress Lesotho has made and the challenges yet to be addressed. This article explores factors that contributed to this poor performance and analyses the reasons for the poor performance by reviewing relevant documents regarding the performance of women-led political parties in Lesotho’s 2022 national elections
An analysis of the exclusion of women from mediation leadership in the mediation process in South Sudan
Get PDFThesis (PhD (Political Sciences)--University of Pretoria 2021.The study analyses the exclusion of women in mediation leadership in the South Sudan mediation
process. Apart from the technicalities and minutiae affecting women's inclusion in mediation
leadership in the South Sudan mediation process, the study will analyse the existing government
measures on women, peace, and security to assess if these policies are implemented and whether they
contribute to an inclusive mediation process leading to sustainable peace in South Sudan. The study
uses a gender mainstreaming approach and gender perspective to understand the historical exclusion
of women in mediation leadership in the South Sudan mediation process.
The conflict that lasted for several decades between North and South Sudan led to many mediation
efforts by regional actors and international actors without meaningful inclusion of women in formal
mediation leadership. The conflict-affected women disproportionately but when decisions were made,
women were excluded from the mainstream leadership of peace processes, mediation, and peace
negotiations. The effects of decades of conflicts with Sudan and the conflict that erupted post-South
Sudan independence in 2011 led to further marginalization and exclusion of women in formal
mediation leadership.
Although women have been active agents for peace and reconciliation at the grassroots and track
three mediation processes, they remain excluded from formal track one mediation where decisions
about peace and reconciliation are made. Using a qualitative approach, the study gained insight into
the exclusion of women in mediation leadership in South Sudan mediation process, and how this
impacts women's rights in South Sudan.Political SciencesPhD (Political Sciences)Unrestricte
Mediation in Sudan and Ethiopia: Lessons Learnt from The Gambia Track III Mediation Process
No full textIn October 2000, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) passed a landmark Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS). Many African countries have developed the NAPs with few that seem to be implementing the NAP, including South Africa. The Gambia developed its first NAP in 2012. The Gambia has successfully prevented armed conflict by engaging women at the grassroots level to address the root causes of conflict. Women in Gambia have contributed to resolving conflicts using different strategies. Sudan developed its first NAP on implementing UNSC Resolution 1325 in March 2020 after decades of armed conflicts. With the ongoing armed conflict and the limited active participation of women in mediation leadership, it is difficult to notice the implementation of the NAP. Ethiopia does not have a NAP on implementing UNSC Resolution 1325 despite the ongoing armed conflict. Like in Sudan, women in Ethiopia remain underrepresented in efforts to resolve the conflict. The Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) does not seem convincing that it has the capacity, resources and political will to ensure meaningful inclusion of women in resolving conflicts in Ethiopia and Sudan. The IGAD seems to be overwhelmed with armed conflict and civil unrest in different countries in the region. This paper uses qualitative research and desktop literature to analyse the role of women in mediation leadership in both Ethiopia and Sudan and to interrogate lessons that could be learnt from Gambia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Women in Mediation Leadership: UNSC Resolution 1325 and IGAD’s Mediation in South Sudan
No full textIn 2000, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) adopted the landmark resolution UNSC 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. This resolution urges member states to ensure the prevention of conflict against women, promote the protection of women during conflicts, and ensure the participation of women in conflict resolution and post-conflict reconstruction of their communities. This resolution further urges member states to increase the representation of women at all decision-making levels in national, regional, and international institutions. South Sudan became a member of the UNSC after its independence in 2011 and ratified UNSC Resolution 1325. The establishment of South Sudan as an independent nation on July 9, 2011, marked a historic milestone, but the celebrations were short-lived as war broke out in December 2013. The Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) has played a central role in mediating the conflict in South Sudan since the 2013 conflict. IGAD developed a Regional Action Plan (RAP) on implementing the UNSC Resolution 1325 in 2013. IGAD’s RAP focuses on the participation of women in decision-making, but there are shortcomings to the RAP in that it states very little about the leadership of women in peace processes. This article examines the role of IGAD as a mediator in the South Sudan mediation process, with a particular focus on the RAP and the inclusion of women in track one mediation processes. Although women may be included in track three mediation, one of the reasons for the continued failure of sustained peace in South Sudan, we argue, is the continued marginalisation of women from track one mediation leadership processes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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