1,720,953 research outputs found
Incidence of surgical treatment according to refractive status in primary open angle glaucoma
No full textIevads: Glaukoma ir acu slimību grupa, kas var izraisīt redzes zudumu un aklumu. Tā ir otra biežākā akluma izraisītāja pasaulē. Primārā atvērta kakta glaukoma (PAKG) ir visizplatītākā glaukomas forma visā pasaulē. Tās etioloģija joprojām nav pilnībā zināma, taču ir identificēti vairāki riska faktori, no kuriem svarīgākais ir paaugstināts acs iekšējais spiediens. PAKG bieži ir asimptomātiska līdz vēlākām stadijām, kad parādās redzes lauka defekti. Agrīna diagnostika un ārstēšana ir būtiska, lai novērstu slimības progresēšanu. PAKG ārstēšanas pamatprincips ir IOP samazināšana. Pirmās izvēles terapija parasti ir medikamentoza, un, ja tā nav efektīva, var apsvērt ķirurģisku ārstēšanu. Tomēr faktori, kas ietekmē lēmumu par ķirurģiskas iejaukšanās nepieciešamību, vēl nav pilnībā izprasti. Refrakcijas stāvoklis var būt saistīts ar izvēlētās ķirurģiskās ārstēšanas iespējamību vai veidu. Refrakcijas stāvokļa izpēte var sniegt vērtīgu ieskatu lēmumu pieņemšanā un palīdzēt pielāgot ārstēšanas stratēģijas individuālajām vajadzībām. Mērķis: Šī pētījuma mērķis ir izpētīt, vai refrakcijas statuss ir saistīts ar ķirurģiskās ārstēšanas biežumu un veidu pacientiem ar PAKG. Materiāli un Metodes: Pētījums tika veikts retrospektīvā veidā. Dati tika iegūti no elektroniskās pacientu datu sistēmas Rīgas Austrumu klīniskās universitātes slimnīcas (RAKUS) Oftalmoloģijas nodaļā. Iekļauti 103 pacienti ar ICD kodu H40.1 (primāra atvērta kakta glaukoma) un šādiem iekļaušanas kritērijiem – vecums, dzimums, glaukomas stadija, operētā acs, refrakcijas statuss, BCVA, IOP, operācijas veids un iepriekš veikta glaukomas operācija. Pacienti apmeklēja RAKUS 2023.–2024. gadā. No pētījuma tika izslēgti pacienti, kas bija jaunāki par 18 gadiem. Atbilstoši refrakcijas statusam tika izveidotas sešas grupas. Rezultāti: Netika konstatēta statistiski nozīmīga saistība starp refrakcijas kļūdu un operācijas veidu, glaukomas stadiju vai IOS. Tomēr pacientiem ar mērenu miopiju bija konsekventi zemākais BCVA, kas var norādīt uz agrāku vai smagāku funkcionālu bojājumu. Visās refrakcijas grupās visbiežāk tika veikta sinustrabekulektomija. Pacientiem, kuriem tika veikta sinustrabekulektomija, operācijas laikā bija statistiski nozīmīgi augstāks IOS salīdzinājumā ar tiem, kuriem tika veikta GATT (pielāgotā p vērtība = 0,038), kas var liecināt par ārstēšanas izvēli smagākos vai rezistentas glaukomas gadījumos. Netika atrasta būtiska saistība starp refrakcijas kļūdu un atkārtotu operāciju nepieciešamību, kā arī starp refrakcijas statusu un glaukomas stadiju. Lai gan refrakcijas statuss būtiski neietekmē izvēlēto ķirurģisko pieeju, tas var ietekmēt klīnisko ainu un ārstēšanas tendences. Lai dziļāk analizētu refrakcijas statusa ietekmi uz PAKG ķirurģisko ārstēšanu, nepieciešami papildu pētījumi. Secinājums: Refrakcijas statuss nebija būtiski saistīts ar ķirurģiskās ārstēšanas veidu un incidenci pacientiem ar PAKG.Background: Glaucoma comprises group of ocular diseases that can lead to vision loss and blindness. It is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of glaucoma worldwide. Its etiology remains unknown, but risk factors have been identified, with increased intraocular pressure (IOP) being the most important one. POAG presents often asymptomatic until in later stages, visual field losses occur. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent further progression. The cornerstone of POAG treatment is to try to lower IOP. First-line treatment often is pharmacological, and if it is unsuccessful, surgical treatment may be considered as next choice of treatment. However, the factors that contribute to the decision for surgical intervention are not fully defined. Refractive status may be associated with the likelihood or type of surgical treatment that is chosen. Investigating refractive status, could offer valuable insights into decision-making and help tailor treatment strategies. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether refractive status is associated with the incidence and type of surgical treatment in patients with POAG. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in retrospective manner. Data was collected from electronic patient data system at the Riga East Clinical University Hospital (RECUH), Ophthalmology Department. 103 patients were collected with ICD code H40.1 (Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma) and following inclusion criteria were – age, gender, stage of glaucoma, operated eye, refractive status, BCVA, IOP, type of surgery, and whether surgery was performed previously. Patients attended the RECUH in years 2023-2024. Patients under 18 years of age were excluded. According to refractive status, groups from zero to six were formed. Results: No statistically significant association was found between refractive error and type of surgery, glaucoma stage, or IOP. However, patients with moderate myopia showed consistently the lowest BCVA indicating possible earlier or more significant functional impairment. Across all refractive groups sinustrabeculectomy was the most frequently performed surgery. Patients undergoing sinustrabeculectomy had significantly higher IOP at the time of surgery when compared to those who underwent GATT (adjusted p = 0.038), which may indicate clinical decision-making for more advanced or treatment-resistant glaucoma cases. There was no significant relationship between refractive error and need of repeated surgery, nor between refractive status and glaucoma stage. Refractive status alone does not significantly affect the surgical approach, but it may influence the clinical presentation and treatment patterns. For more in depth evaluation of refractive status and POAG surgical treatment, more studies are needed. Conclusion: Refractive status was not significantly associated with surgery type or incidence in POAG
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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