436 research outputs found
Albumin Protein Impact on Early-Stage In Vitro Biodegradation of Magnesium Alloy (WE43)
No full textMg and its alloys are promising biodegradable materials for orthopedic implants and cardiovascular stents. The first interactions of protein molecules with Mg alloy surfaces have a substantial impact on their biocompatibility and biodegradation. We investigate the early-stage electrochemical, chemical, morphological, and electrical surface potential changes of alloy WE43 in either 154 mM NaCl or Hanks’ simulated physiological solutions in the absence or presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. WE43 had the lowest electrochemical current noise (ECN) fluctuations, the highest noise resistance (Zn = 1774 Ω·cm2), and the highest total impedance (|Z| = 332 Ω·cm2) when immersed for 30 min in Hanks’ solution. The highest ECN, lowest Zn (1430 Ω·cm2), and |Z| (49 Ω·cm2) were observed in the NaCl solution. In the solutions containing BSA, a unique dual-mode biodegradation was observed. Adding BSA to a NaCl solution increased |Z| from 49 to 97 Ω·cm2 and decreased the ECN signal of the alloy, i.e., the BSA inhibited corrosion. On the other hand, the presence of BSA in Hanks’ solution increased the rate of biodegradation by decreasing both Zn and |Z| while increasing ECN. Finally, using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM), we observed an adsorbed nanolayer of BSA with aggregated and fibrillar morphology only in Hanks’ solution, where the electrical surface potential was 52 mV lower than that of the Mg oxide layer.Materials Science and EngineeringTeam Yaiza Gonzalez GarciaTeam Arjan Mo
Éducation, ethnicité et pratiques reproductives au Cameroun
No full textJohnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Education, Ethnicity, and Reproductive Practice in Cameroon It is often observed that educated women have lower birth rates than do the less educated, inviting a causal interpretation. However, educated women also differ from those who have never attended school in a variety of other ways: the two factors are multiply related. This article analyzes the relationship between schooling and fertility in contemporary Cameroon as both a statistical and a social phenomenon, using data from the 1998 Cameroon DHS alongside ethnographic field data collected by the author. These data show that educated Cameroonian women marry later and bear fewer children than their uneducated counterparts, in keeping with patterns established comparatively However, educated women have higher annual premarital fertility rates than do the uneducated, in opposition to the predictions of most causal models. The article argues that these statistical patterns result from the high degree of selection into school. Educated girls come from communities that are more tolerant of premarital sex, place greater emphasis on the importance of developing individual character, and accord a less central role to marriage in women's lives. Together, these social differences matter as much for reproductive outcomes as does schooling.Johnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Éducation, ethnicité et pratiques reproductives au Cameroun On observe souvent que les femmes instruites ont moins d'enfants que les femmes moins instruites, ce qui appelle une interprétation en termes de lien de cause à effet. Toutefois, les femmes instruites diffèrent de bien d'autres façons des femmes n'ayant jamais fréquenté l'école : les deux facteurs sont liés de façon multiple. Le présent article analyse la relation entre instruction et fécondité dans le Cameroun d'aujourd'hui en tant que phénomène à la fois statistique et social, à l'aide de données tirées de l'enquête démographique et de santé (EDS) de 1998 au Cameroun, ainsi que des données ethnographiques collectées sur le terrain par l'auteur. Ces données montrent que les femmes camerounaises instruites se marient plus tardivement et ont moins d'enfants que leurs consœurs non instruites, conformément à des schémas déjà établis. Toutefois, les femmes instruites ont des taux de fécondité prénuptiale annuelle plus élevés que les femmes non instruites, contrairement à ce que prédisent la plupart des modèles causaux. Il est affirmé ici que ces schémas statistiques résultent du niveau élevé de la sélectivité de l'accès à l'école. Les filles instruites viennent de communautés plus tolérantes à l'égard des relations sexuelles prénuptiales, qui accordent une plus grande importance au développement de la personnalité de l'individu, et un rôle moins primordial au mariage. Ensemble, ces différences sociales ont autant d'importance que l'instruction sur la fécondité.Johnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Educación, etnia y practice reproductiva en Camerún La constatación de que las mujeres educadas tienen indices de fecundidad más bajos que las menos educadas ha suscitado interpretaciones causales Sin embargo, las mujeres con educación difieren de las que no han ido a la escuela en muchos otros aspectos: entre ambas variables existe una multiplicidad de relaciones. Este artículo analiza la relación existente entre escolanzación y fecundidad en el Camerún contemporáneo desde un punto de vista estadístico y social, basándose tanto en datos de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud (EDS) de Camerún 1998 como en datos etnográficos recogidos por la autora. Estos datos muestran que, en Camerún, las mujeres educadas se casan más tarde y tienen menos hijos que las mujeres sin educación, manteniendo otros factores constantes. No obstante, a pesar de lo que predice la mayoria de mo- delos causales, la tasa de fecundidad prematnmomal anual es más elevada entre las mujeres educadas Este artículo prétende demostrar que estas diferencias estadisticas son debidas al alto nivel de selección entre las escolanzadas. Las jóvenes educadas provienen de comunidades más tolérantes en lo relativo a las relaciones sexuales antes del matnmonio, de medios que dan mayor importancia al desarrollo de la personahdad individual y un papel menos fundamental al papel del matrimomo en la vida de las mujeres. El conjunto de taies diferencias sociales tiene tanta influencia como la escolanzación en los comportamientos reproductivos.Johnson-Hanks J. Éducation, ethnicité et pratiques reproductives au Cameroun. In: Population, 58ᵉ année, n°2, 2003. pp. 171-200
Recommended from our members
The making of another major motion picture masterpiece /
No full text"From the Academy Award-winning actor and best-selling author: his debut novel. The story of the making of a colossal, star-studded, multimillion-dollar superhero action film...and the humble comic book that inspired it. Part one of this story takes place in 1947. A troubled soldier, returning from the war, meets his talented five-year-old nephew, leaves an indelible impression, and then disappears for 23 years. Cut to 1970: The nephew, now drawing underground comic books in Oakland, California, reconnects with his uncle and, remembering the comic book he saw when he was five, draws a new version with his uncle as a World War II fighting hero. Cut to the present day: A commercially successful director discovers the 1970 comic book and decides to turn it into a contemporary superhero movie. Cue the cast: We meet the film's extremely difficult male star, his wonderful leading lady, the eccentric writer/director, the producer, the go-fer production assistant, and everyone else on both sides of the camera. Funny, touching, and wonderfully thought-provoking, this is a novel not only about the making of a movie, but also about the changes in America and American culture since World War II. Bonus material: Interspersed throughout are the three comic books that are featured in the story - all created by Hanks himself - including the comic book that becomes the official tie-in to this novel's "major motion picture masterpiece.""-
Introduction: Legal Form and Cultural Symbol – Music, Copyright and Information Studies
No full textWriters in information and communication studies often assume the stability of
objects under investigation: network nodes, databases, information. Legal writers in
the intellectual property tradition often assume that cultural artefacts exist as objects
prior to being governed by copyright law. Both assumptions are fallacious. This
introduction conceptualises the relationship of legal form and cultural symbol.
Starting from an understanding of copyright law as part of systems of production (in
the sense of Peterson 1976), it is argued that copyright law constructs the artefacts it
seeks to regulate as objects that can be bought and sold. In doing so, the legal and
aesthetic logic of cultural symbols may clash, as in the case of digital music (the
central focus of this special issue)
Implementing an Outpatient Individualized Adaptive Care Plan for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textPresenter/ Primary Author: Rebecca Schlawin MPH, RN, BSN, Creighton University, Omaha, Ne
Additional Authors:
1. Jacquie Hanks DNP, APRN-NP, PC/AC, CPNP, Associate Professor College of Nursing, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
2. Carissa Scheve MSN, ARNP, CPNP, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Blank Children's Hospital, Des Moines, IA
3. Amy Yuska, DNP, ARNP, CPNP-PC, PMHS, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Blank Children's Hospital, Des Moines, IA
Background & Significance
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often display maladaptive behaviors, such as self-injury and aggression, in response to stress. These issues are compounded by deficits in emotional regulation and sensory sensitivities, leading to heightened anxiety in medical settings. Providers frequently struggle with managing these behaviors and lack confidence in interacting effectively with ASD patients, which impacts the quality of care.
Purpose for Project
This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to improve communication between staff, patients with ASD and their families though improving staff’s ability to manage sensory triggers and enhance confidence in caring for these children. The project introduced an Adaptive Care Plan (ACP); a tool offering individualized strategies for addressing ASD-related challenges during medical visits. The ACP was integrated into clinic workflows, and its impact was assessed through provider/staff pre- and post-surveys over a 10-week period.
Problem Statement
Despite the need for improved tools to aid pediatric staff in interacting with autistic children, current facilities lack resources like ACPs. This project sought to address this gap by implementing ACPs at a pediatric healthcare facility that does not currently utilize them.
Methods
IRB exemption status was obtained from the QI facility and Creighton University. Employing a pretest-posttest Likert scale design, this QI project included a pediatric clinic’s providers and nurses. The ACP was integrated into clinic workflows and offered to any caregiver of a patient with ASD. Data from both the pre/post test and ACP was entered into excel. Data analysis, including Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests was used to analyze the changes in provider-reported outcomes.
Results
This quality improvement project integrated ACPs into outpatient visits, with provider and caregiver surveys assessing their impact. There were no significant changes in provider familiarity (p=0.067), comfort (p=0.132), or confidence (p=0.144), though familiarity showed a marginal improvement. Caregivers reported that 75.7% of children communicated verbally, 72.2% had sensory triggers from loud noises, and effective calming strategies included giving space (58.3%) and talking (52.8%).
Discussion/Conclusions
This project underscored the importance of adaptive care plans for children with ASD and provides a foundation for improving provider ASD knowledge and collaboration with caregivers. Next steps include integrating ACPs into electronic medical records, which could enhance provider confidence and patient care.
Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adaptive Care Plans, Sensory Triggers, Quality Improvemen
Education, Ethnicity and Reproductive Practice in Cameroon
No full textJohnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Education, Ethnicity, and Reproductive Practice in Cameroon It is often observed that educated women have lower birth rates than do the less educated, inviting a causal interpretation. However, educated women also differ from those who have never attended school in a variety of other ways: the two factors are multiply related. This article analyzes the relationship between schooling and fertility in contemporary Cameroon as both a statistical and a social phenomenon, using data from the 1998 Cameroon DHS alongside ethnographic field data collected by the author. These data show that educated Cameroonian women marry later and bear fewer children than their uneducated counterparts, in keeping with patterns established comparatively. However, educated women have higher annual premarital fertility rates than do the uneducated, in opposition to the predictions of most causal models. The article argues that these statistical patterns result from the high degree of selection into school. Educated girls come from communities that are more tolerant of premarital sex, place greater emphasis on the importance of developing individual character, and accord a less central role to marriage in women's lives. Together, these social differences matter as much for reproductive outcomes as does schooling.Johnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Éducation, ethnicité et pratiques reproductives au Cameroun On observe souvent que les femmes instruites ont moins d'enfants que les femmes moins instruites, ce qui appelle une interprétation en termes de lien de cause à effet. Toutefois, les femmes instruites diffèrent de bien d'autres façons des femmes n'ayant jamais fréquenté l'école : les deux facteurs sont liés de façon multiple. Le présent article analyse la relation entre instruction et fécondité dans le Cameroun d'aujourd'hui en tant que phénomène à la fois statistique et social, à l'aide de données tirées de l'enquête démographique et de santé (EDS) de 1998 au Cameroun, ainsi que des données ethnographiques collectées sur le terrain par l'auteur. Ces données montrent que les femmes camerounaises instruites se marient plus tardivement et ont moins d'enfants que leurs consœurs non instruites, conformément à des schémas déjà établis. Toutefois, les femmes instruites ont des taux de fécondité prénuptiale annuelle plus élevés que les femmes non instruites, contrairement à ce que prédisent la plupart des modèles causaux. Il est affirmé ici que ces schémas statistiques résultent du niveau élevé de la sélectivité de l'accès à l'école. Les filles instruites viennent de communautés plus tolérantes à l'égard des relations sexuelles prénuptiales, qui accordent une plus grande importance au développement de la personnalité de l'individu, et un rôle moins primordial au mariage. Ensemble, ces différences sociales ont autant d'importance que l'instruction sur la fécondité.Johnson-Hanks Jennifer.- Educación, etnia y practice reproductive en Camerun La constatación de que las mujeres educadas tienen indices de fecundidad más bajos que las menos educadas ha suscitado interpretaciones causales. Sin embargo, las mujeres con educación difieren de las que no han ido a la escuela en muchos otros aspectos: entre ambas variables existe una multiplicidad de relaciones. Este articulo analiza la relación existente entre escolanzación y fecundidad en el Camerún contemporáneo desde un punto de vista estadístico y social, basándose tanto en datos de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud (EDS) de Camerún 1998 como en datos etnográficos recogidos por la autora. Estos datos muestran que, en Camerún, las mujeres educadas se casan más tarde y tienen menos hijos que las mujeres sin educación, manteniendo otros factures constantes. No obstante, a pesar de lo que predice la mayoria de mo- delos causales, la tasa de fecundidad prematrimonial anual es más elevada entre las mujeres educadas. Este articulo prétende demostrar que estas diferencias estadisticas son debidas al alto nivel de selección entre las escolarizadas. Las jóvenes educadas provienen de comunidades más tolérantes en lo relativo a las relaciones sexuales antes del matrimonio, de medios que dan mayor importancia al desarrollo de la personalidad individual y un papel menos fundamental al papel del matrimonio en la vida de las mujeres. El conjunto de taies diferencias sociales tiene tanta influencia como la escolarización en los comportamientos reproductivos.Johnson-Hanks J. Education, Ethnicity and Reproductive Practice in Cameroon. In: Population (English edition), 58ᵉ année, n°2, 2003. pp. 153-179
Re-Creating Outdoor Recreation : An Exploration of the Wilderness Within and Around.
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to reflect on outdoor recreation through the creative process of the author and a collection of theory that explores a range of topics, including de-coloniality, wilderness, and auto-ethnography. The author's story is intended to demonstrate how our stories can create a map and path to show others how to engage more wholeheartedly, while the theory frames this project in a larger network of work and provides opportunities for application. The motivation behind this project was a desire to create more authentic, organic, and transformative experiences within the outdoors for both the author and future outdoor recreationists. The questions that guided this thesis were focused on whether it is possible for there to be a multitude of experiences represented within outdoor recreation, and if one individual's experience and story could help facilitate that. This thesis is centered around the author's own creative writing and landscape paintings which tell her experience within outdoor recreation before moving into theory on auto-ethnography, wilderness as an ideology, empathetic and reciprocal relationships with the land, and de-coloniality
Corrosion and ion release behavior of ultra-fine grained bulk pure copper fabricated by ECAP in Hanks solution as potential biomaterial for contraception
No full textUltra-fine grained (UFG) bulk pure copper has been successfully fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP), with the grain size about 380 nm after 8 passes. The potentiodynamic polarization results of the ECAP copper specimens tested in Hanks solution revealed that the corrosion current of UFG copper is higher than that of the coarse grained copper. The cupric ion release behaviors of UFG copper immersed in Hanks solution for 30 days only displayed a burst release during the first 3 days (in comparison to the 1-2 months for the conventional Cu) from 115 mu g/day to 12.5 mu g/day, after which the ion release remained constant and slow. During the immersion experiments. Cu(2)O was the only corrosion product found on the surface and it took 10 days or so to form a uniform Cu(2)O layer. Uniform corrosive damage on the surface and few localized corrosion is observed. The above results indicate that UFG copper could have high potential as biomedical materials for contraception. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Materials Science, MultidisciplinaryPhysics, AppliedSCI(E)EI9ARTICLE4524-5276
Author response
No full textDecision making often involves a tradeoff between speed and accuracy. Previous studies indicate that neural activity in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) represents the gradual accumulation of evidence toward a threshold level, or evidence bound, which terminates the decision process. The level of this bound is hypothesized to mediate the speed-accuracy tradeoff. To test this, we recorded from LIP while monkeys performed a motion discrimination task in two speed-accuracy regimes. Surprisingly, the terminating threshold levels of neural activity were similar in both regimes. However, neurons recorded in the faster regime exhibited stronger evidence-independent activation from the beginning of decision formation, effectively reducing the evidence-dependent neural modulation needed for choice commitment. Our results suggest that control of speed vs accuracy may be exerted through changes in decision-related neural activity itself rather than through changes in the threshold applied to such neural activity to terminate a decision
Effect of plasma nitriding on structure and biocompatibility of self organised TiO2 nanotubes on Ti-6Al-7Nb
No full textTiO2 nanotubes formed by anodic oxidation of Ti-6Al-7Nb were nitrided in a nitrogen plasma. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Nano hardness tester (NHT) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The corrosion behaviour of the substrate, plasma nitrided substrate, substrate with self organised TiO2 nano tubes (TNT) and with plasma nitrided TiO2 nano tubes (TNT+PN) was investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization studies in simulated body fluid (Hanks’ solution). The investigations show that the native oxide on the sample is replaced by self assembled nano array by anodisation process. XPS spectra of TNT plasma nitrided sample show the presence of oxy nitride and nitride on the surface. Nano hardness of the samples has increased after nitriding. FESEM images of samples immersed in Hanks’ solution show that growth of calcium phosphate phases is more and the size of deposits are larger on TNT and nitrided TNT samples, as compared to that on the untreated substrate. XPS spectra of TNT and nitrided TNT samples immersed in Hanks’ solution show higher amount of calcium, phosphorous and oxygen than on the substrate. Electrochemical studies show that nitriding decreases the corrosion resistance
- …
