1,721,040 research outputs found
From farm to fork: epidemiological study, genetic characterization and plasmid identification of antibiotic resistant Salmonella strains isolated along the food chain in Marche Region
Full text linkAntimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a serious public health problem. Genes involved in AMR can be localized on mobile genetic elements (e.i. transposons or plasmids)and this allows them to be easily disseminated. Salmonellosis is the second most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in humans and an important cause of food-borne outbreaks in the EU. Among the different serovars of Salmonella enterica, S. Infantis is one of the five main causes of human salmonellosis in the European Union (EU). In Italy, a MDR and ESBL producing S. Infantis clone, harboring a blaCTX-M-1 pESI-like megaplasmid (~280–320 kb), has increasingly spread.
The antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella spp. strains isolated in Marche Region from veterinary and food-related environments, food animals, foods and human clinical samples was investigated in order to possibly trace the spread of AMR and plasmid distribution in the food chain. Moreover, the presence of the pESI-like plasmid-carrying S. Infantis clone in AMR S. Infantis strains, isolated from various sources in Marche Region, was investigated.
A total of 101 AMR Salmonella strains, of serovars S. Derby (n. 20), S. Typhimurium (n. 18), MVST (n. 28) and S. Infantis (n. 35), were collected and analyzed for this study. Resistance to sulfisoxazole (86%) and tetracycline (81%) and ampicillin (76%) were the most common. FIIS was the most predominant replicon (17%), along with FII (11%) and FIB (11%), all belonging to IncF incompatibility group. Concerning the characterization of tet genes, tetB was the most frequently detected (27/86).
Most strains (n. 27 MVST, n. 6 S. Derby, n. 4 S. Typhimurium and n. 3 S. Infantis) were positive for blaTEM gene. Other strains (n. 23 S. Infantis and n. 1 S. Typhimurium) were positive for blaCTX-A/B. Only one MVST strain was positive for blaCMY.
In light of the importance that the third generation cephalosporins represent in human therapy,
all S. Infantis strains of this study were sequenced. Two different ESBL genetic profiles comparable to S. Infantis pESI-like clone were observed. 81% carried the blaCTX-M-1 gene and 8% carried the blaCTX-M-65. Moreover, the close genetic relationship of S. Infantis blaCTX-M-1 harboring IncFIB(K)_1_Kpn3 megaplasmids from diverse sources confirmed the presence and spread of S. Infantis pESI-like blaCTX-M-1 clone in Marche Region along the food chain. The implementation of a One Health approach, integrating surveillance of MDR strain spread from farm to fork, contributes to the monitoring of MDR zoonotic pathogens, such as S. Infantis
The Multipurpose Aternum Center in Pescara: Intervention Proposals for a Project of Social Integration and Cohabitation
No full textKiwifruit Peptides, Gastrointestinal Protection, and Oxidative Stress
No full textThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract represents the largest surface area of the human body and requires mechanisms of protection from the threats continuously introduced during ingestion that are also sources of oxidative stress. The GI mucosa has multiple defense mechanisms to protect itself from oxidative stress effect. Among the most important mechanisms, the innate immune system, the action of the antioxidants, autophagy, and the epithelial barrier with the mucin secretion have been extensively studied
'For a quart of ale is a dish for a king': not always
Full text linkWe report the case of a man with a clear diagnosis of coeliac disease who nevertheless drank gluten-containing beer. We found that a 4-week period of drinking gluten-containing beer did not provoke significant changes in the intestinal mucosa of this patient with coeliac disease nor did it elicit any relevant symptoms. Serum antibody levels rose but did not reach a pathological threshold. However, a more prolonged gluten challenge may have led to clinically relevant changes in IgA antitransglutaminase titres. This case demonstrates how important individual sensitivity to gluten in a patient with coeliac disease is in determining symptoms, immunological response and intestinal mucosa damage
Ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis in KSR2 deficient mice
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the spermatogenesis in ksr2 (-/-) mice. Spermatogenesis in 12-15 week-old C57BL/6 wt and ksr2 (-/-) mice was observed in testicular tissue and epididymal sperm by light and transmission electron microscopy. The reproductive capacity of male ksr2 (-/-) mice was strongly impaired. Concentration, morphology and motility of epididymal spermatozoa were altered in ksr2 (-/-) mice. In seminiferous tubules from ksr2 (-/-) mice, all stages of spermatogenetic process were represented; spermatids displayed defects concerning nuclear and acrosomal shape and periaxonemal structures of the tail; detached head and spermatozoa with an altered head-tail connection were observed; the interstitial tissue was severely disorganized, the Leydig cells have lost their connections. TEM analysis of epididymal spermatozoa confirmed the presence of such kind of alterations. We reported, for the first time, an ultrastructural study of ksr2 (-/-) mice spermatogenesis. Remarkable findings regard the altered spermiogenetic process concomitant with a severe disorganization of interstitial tissue. Further studies are needed to assess the ksr2 (-/-) mice hormonal status, focussing on testosterone levels since the interstitial tissue, where the Leydig cells reside, was compromised
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