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Predictors of nonresponse to psychosocial treatment in children and adolescents with disruptive behavior diisorders
No full textPredictors of nonresponse to psychosocial treatment in children and adolescents
with disruptive behavior disorders.
Masi G, Manfredi A, Milone A, Muratori P, Polidori L, Ruglioni L, Muratori F.
IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry ,
Calambrone, Pisa, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: A crucial issue in youths with disruptive behavior disorders,
including oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder, is the
refractoriness to treatments. A multimodal approach with individual therapy to
improve social skills and self-control and family and school interventions is the
best psychosocial treatment. Predictors of poor response to psychosocial
treatment remain understudied. We aimed at exploring whether callous (lack of
empathy and guilt) and unemotional (shallow emotions) (CU) trait and type of
aggression (predatory vs. affective) can affect response to psychosocial
treatment in referred youths with disruptive behavior disorders.
METHODS: The sample consisted of 38 youths (28 boys and 10 girls, age range: 6-14
years, mean age: 13.1 ± 2.6 years) diagnosed as having oppositional defiant
disorder or conduct disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria and a clinical interview (Kiddie
Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age
Children-Present and Lifetime Version), who completed a 6-month therapeutic
program at our hospital. Patients were assessed according to severity and
improvement (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity score [CGI-S] and
CGI-Improvement score), functional impairment (Children's Global Assessment Scale
[C-GAS]), type of aggression, predatory versus affective (Aggression
Questionnaire), and CU dimension (Antisocial Process Screening Device and the
Inventory of CU Traits).
RESULTS: Among the 38 patients, 21 (55.3%) were responders and 17 (44.7%) were
nonresponders, according to CGI-Improvement score and CGI-S. Nonresponders were
more impaired at the baseline according to CGI-S and C-GAS. Nonresponders
presented higher scores of predatory aggression, whereas affective aggression did
not differ between groups. Nonresponders presented higher scores in CU trait of
Antisocial Process Screening Device and in Inventory of CU total score (callous
trait), but these differences did not survive Bonferroni correction.
CONCLUSIONS: Severity at the baseline and predatory aggression are negative
predictors of psychosocial treatment, but the role of the callous trait needs
more exploration in larger samples. Further research may increase our diagnostic
and prognostic capacities, thus improving our treatment strategies
Implementation of an online attachment-based intervention for parents of adolescents is associated with a reduction in youth’s attachment insecurity, behavioral problems, and parent-child affect dysregulation
No full textDuring adolescence, a secure parent–adolescent relationship promotes youths’ adjustment and psychological well-being. In this scenario, several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the CONNECT program, a 10-session, attachment-based parenting intervention that helps parents understand and reframe their parent–adolescent interactions, reducing adolescents’ insecure attachment and behavioral problems. Furthermore, recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the implementation of effective online versions of psychological interventions, emphasizing the opportunity for more agile and easier dissemination of evidence-based protocols. Therefore, this study aims to identify changes in adolescents’ attachment insecurity, behavioral problems, and parent–child affect regulation strategies, providing preliminary findings on an online, 10-session, attachment-based parenting intervention (eCONNECT). A total of 24 parents (20 mothers, 4 fathers; Mage = 49.33, SD = 5.32) of adolescents (Mage = 13.83 years, SD = 1.76, 45.8% girls) were assessed on their adolescents’ attachment insecurity (avoidance and anxiety) and behavioral problems (externalizing and internalizing), and on their affect regulation strategies in the parent–child interaction (adaptive reflection, suppression, and affect dysregulation) at three time points: before intervention (t0), after intervention (t1), and at a 2-month follow-up (t2). Mixed-effects regression models highlighted a reduction in adolescents’ internalizing problems (d = 0.11), externalizing problems (d = 0.29), and attachment avoidance (d = 0.26) after the intervention. Moreover, the reduction in externalizing problems and attachment avoidance remained stable at follow-up. Additionally, our findings highlighted a reduction in parent–child affect dysregulation. Results add preliminary evidence on the implementation suitability of an online attachment-based parenting intervention to change at-risk adolescents’ developmental trajectories by reducing attachment insecurity, behavioral problems, and parent–child affect regulation
Lavorare con gli adolescenti attraverso un intervento per i genitori: uno studio pilota sull’implementazione del programma d’intervento eConnect basato sull’attaccamento
No full textConnect is an evidence-based attachment-based intervention for parents of adolescents aims at improving the parent-child relationship quality and reducing childrens' behavioral problems. The present longitudinal research includes a sample of 24 parents (M = 49.33, SD = 5.32, 83.3% mothers) to analyze the effects of their participation in the online version of the programme (eConnect) on their adolescent children's (M = 13.83, SD = 1.76) insecure attachment and behavioral problems, and parental strain and sense of competence. Mixed models showed an increase in parental satisfaction and a reduction in parental strain, adolescents' avoidant attachment and behavioral problems, providing promising information on the implementation of eConnect and the possibility of working with parents to improve their adolescents' wellbeing
Predictive utility of psychopathy dimensions in italian children with disruptive behavior disorder
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Trajectories of callous-unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence in referred youth with a disruptive behavior disorder who received intensive multimodal therapy in childhood
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