1,721,103 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Molecular Imaging of Biomarkers in Breast Cancer
No full textL’imagerie moléculaire avec des biomarqueurs radiomarqués par des émetteurs de positons est couramment utilisée dans les cancers mammaires infiltrants pour la stadification initiale ou en cas de récidive, et également pour l’évaluation de la réponse tumorale en situation néoadjuvante et métastatique. Après quelques notions générales sur les cancers mammaires et le rôle alloué à l’imagerie moléculaire, les résultats des travaux axés sur l’imagerie moléculaire des cancers mammaires que j’ai encadrés et auxquels j’ai contribués au sein de l’équipe de Médecine Nucléaire de l’Institut Curie - Saint-Cloud sont présentés. Ces études ont évalué la valeur de la Tomographie par Emission de Positons au FluoroDesoxyGlucose (TEP-FDG) en cas de suspicion biologique de récidive, ou pour la stadification initiale et l’évaluation de la réponse tumorale à la Chimiothérapie NéoAdjuvante (CNA) des cancers mammaires inflammatoires. Notre équipe a également étudié la valeur pronostique de la réponse tumorale à l’hormonothérapie par la TEP-FDG, en situation métastatique. La problématique de l’évaluation précoce de la réponse tumorale à la CNA par l'imagerie moléculaire m’a amené à étudier un modèle murin transgénique de cancer mammaire avec d’autres biomarqueurs que le FDG, à savoir la FLuoroThymidine (FLT) et le pertechnetate. Des outils de quantification de la charge tumorale ont pu être développés et ont permis d’évaluer la réponse tumorale à des drogues cytotoxiques lors d’un suivi longitudinal, mais ce travail s’est heurté aux limites de l’imagerie préclinique. Les résultats des études cliniques sur l’évaluation précoce de la réponse tumorale à la CNA sont ensuite exposés, avec le FDG comme biomarqueur en insistant sur l’influence du phénotype moléculaire sur les paramètres définissant une réponse métabolique. L’état des connaissances et les perspectives avec d’autres biomarqueurs que le FDG, à savoir la FLT et le FluoroEStradiol (FES), pour étudier respectivement la prolifération cellulaire tumorale et la présence et la fonctionnalité des récepteurs aux estrogènes, puis l’imagerie en développement de l’Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), destinés à la fois à la sélection de patients candidats à des thérapies innovantes et à la prédiction et l’évaluation de la réponse tumorale aux thérapies sont discutées.Molecular imaging with biomarkers radiolabeled by positron emitters is commonly used in invasive breast cancers for initial staging or restaging, and for assessment of tumor response in neoadjuvant and metastatic settings. After general concepts of breast cancers and of the place of molecular imaging, results of studies I supervised and to which I contributed within the nuclear medicine team from Curie Institute - Saint-Cloud focused on molecular imaging in breast cancers are presented. These studies assessed the value of Positron Emission Tomography using FluoroDeoxyGlucose (FDG-PET) in recurrence suspected on tumor marker rising and in staging and assessment of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in inflammatory breast cancers. Moreover our team has studied the prognostic value of tumor response to endocrine therapy by FDG-PET in metastatic breast cancers. The problem of early assessment of tumor response to NACT by molecular imaging has led me to study a transgenic mouse model with other biomarkers than FDG, namely FLuoroThymidine (FLT) and pertechnetate. Quantification tools of tumor burden have been developed and allowed assessment of tumor response to cytotoxic drugs during a longitudinal follow-up of this model, but several limitations of preclinical imaging were encountered. Results of clinical studies on early assessment of tumor response to NACT with FDG as a biomarker are exposed, with emphasis on the influence of the molecular subtype on parameters defining a metabolic response. State of the art and perspectives with FLT and FluoroEStradiol (FES), as biomarkers of proliferation and of estrogen receptors respectively, then imaging of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), for both selection of patients to innovative therapies and prediction and assessment of tumor response to systemic therapies are discussed
Development and use of a score for predicting lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer
No full textLe cancer de l’endomètre est le plus fréquent des cancers gynécologiques pelviens. L’envahissement ganglionnaire constitue l’un des principaux facteurs pronostiques mais le rôle des curages ganglionnaires reste débattu.Nous avons construit le score PREGE (Prédiction du Risque d’Envahissement Ganglionnaire dans le cancer de l’Endomètre), à partir d’une base de données de près de 20000 cancers de l’endomètre, après la sélection de caractéristiques individuelles (race et âge) et tumorales définitives, obtenues sur la pièce d’hystérectomie (type, grade et extension locale) significativement associées à l’existence de métastase ganglionnaire. Le score PREGE a été validé sur une base de données multicentrique française (AUC dans les populations de développement et de validation de 0,80 et 0,79 respectivement). Le score était correctement calibré.En utilisant les données préopératoires (IRM et biopsie d’endomètre), les capacités de discrimination du score PREGE étaient conservées. Différents seuils d’intérêt pour la décision clinique ont été définis. Avec un seuil de 100 points, la valeur prédictive négative était de 100%.Dans aucun quantile du score PREGE, la survie spécifique n’était supérieure chez les patientes ayant eu une lymphadénectomie. Toutefois, avec un seuil prédit d’envahissement ganglionnaire supérieur à 20%, nous avons mis en évidence un bénéfice de la lymphadénectomie emportant au moins 10 ganglions.L’utilisation du score PREGE pour la sélection des patientes atteintes d’un cancer de l’endomètre candidates à une lymphadénectomie pourrait permettre de réduire le recours à cette intervention morbide sans altérer la survie spécifiqueEndometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract. Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors. However, the therapeutic role of lymphadenectomy is still debated.We developed the score PREGE, able to predict lymph node metastasis based on pathological hysterectomy characteristics in endometrial cancer. Data from almost 20,000 patients who underwent hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy were analyzed and significant prognostic features were selected: final pathological characteristics (histologic type, grade and primary site tumoral extension) and patients’ characteristics (age and race). In a French multicentric cohort, the nomogram showed good discrimination (AUC=0.79 ) and was well calibrated.Lymph node metastasis prediction by the score using preoperative data was as accurate as that obtained using the final tumor characteristics. With a cut-off value of 100 points for the total score, the negative predictive value was 100%.Patients were clustered into quintiles according to their lymph node metastasis probability. The cancer related survival was compared based on whether patients underwent lymphadenectomy. In the five quintile groups, the specific survival rate was significantly higher in the patients who did not undergo lymphadenectomy. However, when lymph node letastatic probabilityexceeded 20%, specific survival was higher in patients in whom at least 10 lymph nodes were removed.PREGE score could be useful to select few patients who will really benefit from lymphadenectomy and avoid lymphadenectomy in most patients with endometrial cance
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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