42,595 research outputs found
Three Perspectives on Collaborative Knowledge Acquisition in e-Science
No full textThrough a series of e-Science projects we have explored the creation of a complete digital chain of knowledge from the scientific laboratory through to scholarly research output. In this paper we describe this experience and we discuss three perspectives on collaborative knowledge acquisition within the context of this cyberinfrastructure: Publication at Source, Record and Reuse, and Annotation
Requirements for In-Situ Authoring of Location Based Experiences
No full textIn this paper we describe an investigation into the requirements for and the use of in-situ authoring in the creation of location based pervasive and UbiComp experiences. We will focus on the co-design process with users that resulted in a novel visitor experience to a historic country estate. This has informed the design of new, in-situ, authoring tools supplemented with tools for retrospective revisiting and reorganization of content. An initial trial of these new tools will be discussed and conclusions drawn as to the appropriateness of such tools. Further enhancements as part of future trials will also be described
The Semantic Grid: Past, Present and Future
No full textGrid computing offers significant enhancements to our capabilities for computation, information processing and collaboration, and has exciting ambitions in many fields of endeavour. In this paper we argue that the full richness of the Grid vision, with its application in e-Science, e-Research or e-Business, requires the ‘Semantic Grid’. The Semantic Grid is an extension of the current Grid in which information and services are given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation. To this end, we outline the requirements of the Semantic Grid, discuss the state of the art in achieving them, and identify the key research challenges in realising this vision
MEMOIR - an open framework for enhanced navigation of distributed information
No full textIn large companies, whose business is critically dependent on the effectiveness of their RandD function, the provision of effective means to access and share all forms of technical information is an acute problem. It is often easier to repeat an activity than it is to determine whether work has been carried out before. In this paper we present experiences in implementing and evaluating the MEMOIR system. MEMOIR is an open framework, i.e., it is extensible and adaptable to an organization's infrastructure and applications, and it provides its user interface via standard Web browsers. It uses trails, open hypermedia link services and a set of software agents to assist users in accessing and navigating vast amounts of information in Intranet environments. Additionally, MEMOIR exploits trail data to support users in finding colleagues with similar interests. The MEMOIR system has been installed and evaluated by two end-user organizations. This paper describes the results obtained in this evaluation
Scientific Social Objects: The Social Objects and Multidimensional Network of the myExperiment Website
No full textScientific research is increasingly conducted digitally and online, and consequently we are seeing the emergence of new digital objects shared as part of the conduct and discourse of science. These Scientific Social Objects are more than lumps of domain-specific data: they may comprise multiple components which can also be shared separately and independently, and some contain descriptions of scientific processes from which new objects will be generated. Using the myExperiment social website as a case study we explore Scientific Social Objects and discuss their evolution
The evolution of the Grid
No full textIn this paper we describe the evolution of grid systems, identifying three generations: first generation systems which were the forerunners of the Grid as we recognise it today; second generation systems with a focus on middleware to support large scale data and computation; and third generation systems where the emphasis shifts to distributed global collaboration, a service oriented approach and information layer issues. In particular, we discuss the relationship between the Grid and the World Wide Web, and suggest that evolving web technologies will provide the basis for the next generation of the Grid. The latter aspect – which we define as the Semantic Grid – is explored in a companion paper
A Linked Data Approach to Sharing Workflows and Workflow Results
No full textA bioinformatics analysis pipeline is often highly elaborate, due to the inherent complexity of biological systems and the variety and size of datasets. A digital equivalent of the ‘Materials and Methods’ section in wet laboratory publications would be highly beneficial to bioinformatics, for evaluating evidence and examining data across related experiments, while introducing the potential to find associated resources and integrate them as data and services. We present initial steps towards preserving bioinformatics ‘materials and methods’ by exploiting the workflow paradigm for capturing the design of a data analysis pipeline, and RDF to link the workflow, its component services, run-time provenance, and a personalized biological interpretation of the results. An example shows the reproduction of the unique graph of an analysis procedure, its results, provenance, and personal interpretation of a text mining experiment. It links data from Taverna, myExperiment.org, BioCatalogue.org, and ConceptWiki.org. The approach is relatively ‘light-weight’ and unobtrusive to bioinformatics users
Organisational sustainability modelling for return on investment: case studies presented by a National Health Service (NHS) Trust UK
No full textOrganisational Sustainability Modelling is a new way to measure Cloud business performance quantitatively and accurately. It combines statistical computation and 3D Visualisation to present the Return on Investment arising from the adoption of Cloud Computing by organisations. The Cloud Return On Investment methodology described in this paper makes use of a highly structured and organised process to review and evaluate Cloud business performance. We illustrate its use with two case studies. The first case study concerns a National Health Service (NHS) Trust UK Infrastructure and confirms that using Cloud infrastructures can improve efficiency. It also results in raising benchmark, the minimum acceptance level to complete concurrent tasks. The second case study shows 3D Visualisation being used to confirm incremental improvements to an NHS Bioinformatics project. The low risk-free rate may imply code development allows reduced time to complete, and objective is clearly met and project delivery is straightforward. We introduce a structured Quality Assurance process, and demonstrate how to ensure the quality of our data analysis, which other researchers miss out
An Autonomic Service Discovery Mechanism to Support Pervasive Device Accessing Semantic Grid
No full textAn important challenge of integrating pervasive devices into Grid environment to enhance pervasive device capabilities is that pervasive devices need to locate, find, select and invoke the appropriate Grid services in an autonomic and flexible way. However, at this stage, both Grid service description and discovery standards are not very sophisticated. Semantic web technology benefits the concept of Grid services on pervasive devices by adding machineprocessable explicit knowledge into the interaction between pervasive devices and Grid services. In this paper, we have presented a semantic-based Grid service discovery mechanism to support pervasive device accessing Grid services. In order to protect personal privacy in the pervasive computing environment, a service discovery restricting mechanism is also built to ensure the service can automatically be hidden for unauthorized users. © 2007 IEEE
Semantic annotation of ubiquitous learning environments
No full textSkills-based learning environments are used to promote the acquisition of practical skills as well as decision making, communication, and problem solving. It is important to provide feedback to the students from these sessions and observations of their actions may inform the assessment process and help researchers to better understand the learning process. Through a series of prototype demonstrators, we have investigated the use of semantic annotation in the recording and subsequent understanding of such simulation environments. Our Semantic Web approach is outlined and conclusions drawn as to the suitability of different annotation methods and their combination with ubiquitous computing techniques to provide novel mechanisms for both student feedback and increased understanding of the learning environment
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