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Technological Innovations Applied to the Winemaking Tradition
Full text linkIn questo lavoro è stato investigato l'utilizzo di moderne tecnologie applicate alle metodologie tipiche della tradizione enologica. Le analisi svolte mirano ad approfondire la conoscenza delle modificazioni chimiche e sensoriali che si verificano nel vino e ne influenzano la qualità.
In particolare questa tesi di dottorato si focalizza su tre diversi aspetti della vinificazione:
I) L'impatto del tipo di contenitore utilizzato in vinificazione (durante e dopo la fermentazione). Lo studio si è concentrato sul confronto tra vini Chardonnay ottenuti con anfore di terracotta e contenitori di legno. I risultati hanno mostrato che il vino in anfora si distingue per il caratteristico profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale permettendo di differenziarsi dal vino prodotto in contenitori di legno. L’esito di questo studio mostra la possibilità di sviluppare un nuovo stile di vino Chardonnay ottenuto attraverso anfore di terracotta.
II) L'influenza del tipo di tappo durante la conservazione in bottiglia: l'indagine ha riguardato il confronto tra vini chiusi con un nuovo tipo di tappo in microgranulo di sughero senza aggiunta di colla e tappi convenzionali in sughero. Il profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale è stato monitorato durante un periodo di conservazione in bottiglia di 12 mesi.
I risultati dell'analisi evidenziano l'influenza dominante del tempo di conservazione rispetto al tipo di tappo sulle caratteristiche chimico-sensoriali del vino. Tuttavia, il confronto tra diversi tipi di tappi permette una migliore comprensione dell’influenza della composizione del tappo sulla conservazione del vino.
III) L’effetto dell'associazione di proantocianidine (PAC) cicliche e non cicliche a ioni di potassio e calcio sulla stabilità chimico-fisica dei vini. Lo studio riguarda una nuova classe di proantocianidine con struttura ciclica recentemente scoperta nel vino. Sono state analizzate le proprietà chimiche di legame delle PAC con metalli di calcio e potassio per valutarne l’impatto sulla stabilità colloidale del vino. Il legame con questi metalli risulta influenzato non solo dal numero di unità monomeriche, ma anche dalla conformazione assunta dalle molecole.The use of modern technologies applied to material and methodologies typical of the winemaking tradition are investigated in this work. The analyzes performed would like to provide helpful insights for extending the knowledge about the changing occurring in wine.
Especially, this PhD thesis investigates three different aspects of winemaking:
I) The impact of the type of container used during and after the fermentation: the study focused on the comparison between Chardonnay wines obtained with earthenware amphorae and wooden containers. The results showed that in-amphorae wine had a peculiar phenolic, volatile and sensory profile. This discovery allowed differentiating wine obtained through earthenware amphorae from wine made in wooden containers and provided knowledge for the possible development of a new Chardonnay wine-style obtained through earthenware amphorae.
II) The influence of the type of stopper during the storage in bottle: the investigation concerned the comparison between wines closed with a new type of stopper made of microgranule cork without glue addition and wines closed with conventional cork-based stoppers. The phenolic, volatile and sensory profile were monitored during a bottle storage period of 12 months.
The results of the analysis highlight the dominant influence of the storage time over the type of stopper on the wine composition. However, the comparison between different types of stoppers allowed a better comprehension of their influence on the final product.
III) The binding of cyclic and non-cyclic proanthocyanidins (PACs) to potassium and calcium ions, which affect the chemico-physical stability of wines: novel cyclic proanthocyanidins recently discovered in wine, are investigated in the chemical properties to evaluate their impact on the colloidal stability of wine. The binding to these metals appeared to be influenced not only by the number of monomer units, but also by the conformation assumed by the molecules
Technological innovation applied to the winemaking tradition-Innovazioni tecnologiche applicate alla vinificazione tradizionale
No full textThis PhD thesis research project is aimed at showing possible applications of innovative technologies to the field of enology. Some examples are the stopper produced with synthetic material or a mixture of cork and synthetic material for wine bottles corking. Another example is the rising trend of using techniques of the past: this is the case of the amphorae used in winemaking process but nowadays they are combined with the available modern technologies
Verdicchio macerato in riduzione: come evolvono glutatione e biofenoli
No full textIl Verdicchio ottenuto in condizioni di ”riduzione” è stato confrontato con un Verdicchio di controllo. E’ stato
registrato un andamento a campana del livello di GSH, con un picco massimo durante il processo di fermentazione;
dopo sei mesi di maturazione il GSH non era più rilevabile. Acido caffeico, cumarico, i loro esteri e le proantocianine
sono presenti maggiormente nel vino conservato per sei mesi, e quindi possono essere considerati
i marcatori chimici della maturazione. Altri fenoli naturali (ad es., acido caftarico) calavano durante la conservazione.
L’etilcaffeato aumentava in tutti i campioni durante la fermentazione e la maturazione, a conferma della
sua origine come prodotto di condensazione fra l’acido caffeico e l’etanolo dopo l’idrolisi dell’acido caftarico
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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