1,720,971 research outputs found
The old and the new: vaccine hesitancy in the era of the Web 2.0. Challenges and opportunities
No full textThe phenomenon known as vaccine hesitancy (a term that
includes the concepts of indecision, uncertainty, delay and reluctance)
is complex, closely linked to social contexts, and has different
determinants: historical period, geographical area, political
situation, complacency, convenience and confidence in vaccines.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that vaccine
hesitancy and any proxy of it should be constantly monitored.
Given the growing importance and pervasiveness of information
and communication technologies (ICTs), the new media could be
exploited in order to track lay-people’s perceptions of vaccination
in real time, thereby enabling health-care workers to actively
engage citizens and to plan ad hoc communication strategies.
Analysis of so-called “sentiments” expressed through the new
media (such as Twitter) and the real-time tracking of web-related
activities enabled by Google Trends, combined with the administration
of specific online “surveys” on well-defined themes to target
groups (such as health-care workers), could constitute a “Fast
data monitoring system” that yields a snapshot of perceptions of
vaccination in a given place and at a specific time. This type of
dashboard could be a strategic tool that enables public services
to organize targeted communication actions aimed at containing
vaccine hesitanc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination
No full textStreptococcus pneumoniae is currently the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in adults, elderly and high-risk subjects worldwide. The clear benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in childhood have been accompanied by a decrease of vaccine-serotype invasive diseases among adults in several countries, mainly due to the herd effect mediated by the reduction of vaccine-serotype nasopharyngeal colonization in both age groups, but this reduction in the incidence of pneumonia has not been observed. The “Community Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults” (CAPITA) study provided conclusive evidence about 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) efficacy in preventing CAP in adults and led Western countries to issue new recommendations for pneumococcal immunization targeting subjects >50 years and high-risk groups, with marked differences with respect to age and/or risk groups immunized, eligibility for reimbursement and national, regional or local implementation. Several Italian regions implemented PCV13 immunization programs in adults and interesting data have been come available in the last years, especially from Liguria, a Northern region with a high and long-lasting pneumococcal vaccine immunological pressure in infants. In this review, currently available evidence from Italy and Liguria regarding pneumococcal carriage, burden of CAP and LRTI, and on-field effectiveness of PCV13 immunization in adults and elderly will be summarized
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Thematic and Land Subsidence Maps of the Lagoon of Venice from ERS SAR Interferometry
No full textWithin the Co.Ri.La. project 3.2 on Hydrodynamics and
Morphology, interferometric radar images from the ERS-1/2 satellites
from 1993 to 2000 have been used to generate a subsidence map of the
Lagoon of Venice. The SAR interferometric land subsidence map pictures
very well the different displacement rates of the various compartments
of the Lagoon. The SAR interferometric displacement map is discussed in
comparison to the levelling results available through the ISES project. A
geocoded thematic map of the Lagoon of Venice at 30 m resolution is also
presented.Published345-3556A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorioope
Thematic and Land Subsidence Maps of the Lagoon of Venice from ERS SAR Interferometry
No full textWithin the Co.Ri.La. project 3.2 on Hydrodynamics and
Morphology, interferometric radar images from the ERS-1/2 satellites
from 1993 to 2000 have been used to generate a subsidence map of the
Lagoon of Venice. The SAR interferometric land subsidence map pictures
very well the different displacement rates of the various compartments
of the Lagoon. The SAR interferometric displacement map is discussed in
comparison to the levelling results available through the ISES project. A
geocoded thematic map of the Lagoon of Venice at 30 m resolution is also
presented.Published345-3556A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorioope
SENSING THE LAND SUBSIDENCE IN THE VENICE LAGOON BY INTERFEROMETRIC POINT TARGET ANALYSIS
No full textLand subsidence is a severe geologic hazard threading the lowlying coastal areas worldwide. Monitoring land subsidence has been significantly improved over the last few years by space borne earth observation techniques based on SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) Interferometry. Within the INLET Project, funded by Magistrato alle Acque di Venezia – Venice Water Authority (VWA) and Consorzio Venezia Nuova (CVN), we have used the Interferometric Point Target Analysis (IPTA) to characterize the ground displacements within the Venice Lagoon. IPTA measures the movement of backscattering objects (point targets, PT) at the ground surface which persistently reflect radar signal emitted by the SAR antenna. For this study 80 ERS-1/2 and 44 ENVISAT scenes recorded from 1992 to 2005 and from 2003 to 2007, respectively, have been processed by IPTA. High reliable land subsidence data have been detected for thousands of PT located on the lagoon margins, along the littorals, in major and small islands, and on single anthropogenic structures scattered within the lagoon. On the average, land subsidence ranges from less than 1 mm/year to 5 mm/year, with some PT that exhibit values also larger than 10 mm/year depending on both the local geologic conditions and anthropogenic activities. A network of few tens of artificial square trihedral corner reflectors (TCR) has been established before summer 2007 to monitor land subsidence in the inner lagoon areas where natural reflectors completely lack (e.g., on the salt marshes). The first interferometric results on the TCR appear very promising.PublishedVenice, Italy6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorioope
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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