179,631 research outputs found
Criminalising dissent: key themes and emerging trends
No full textThis chapter outlines the contribution this volume makes to the criminological and multi-disciplinary literature on the criminalisation of protest and dissent. It documents key trends and reflects on emerging issues. In particular, we discuss concepts and dynamics that are common to many chapters and are strikingly similar around the globe; these are the ‘continuum’ of the process of criminalisation and the complex ‘infrastructure’ of criminalisation of protest and dissent. We also discuss the implications of these dynamics for democracy and freedom, highlighting the absence of significant differences between the criminalisation of dissent and activism in long-term liberal democracies, democracies with a recent or less recent authoritarian past, hybrid or fragile democracies, and authoritarian contexts
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Criminalisation of Dissent in Times of Crisis /
No full textThis book provides a wide-ranging, global exploration of policies and practices which have sought to undermine dissent during recent and less recent social, political, economic and health 'crises'. Examining various cases of activism and opposition from both the Global North and the Global South, and drawing on multi-disciplinary insights, this book analyses the many ways in which state and non-state actors have targeted dissent, activism and protest, including by vulnerable groups. This includes strategies that have silenced dissenting opinions, restricted the right to protest, intensified policing practices and the surveillance of activists, imposed onerous administrative fines, criminalised and prosecuted dissenters, and even killed activists. Fundamentally, this volume considers 'criminalisation' as a process that develops on a continuum of control and repressive practices that aim to undermine dissent. It contributes to the broader discussion on criminalisation processes, policing, the rule of law, and the quality of our democracies. Anna Di Ronco is Associate Professor at the University of Bologna, Italy, and Honorary Senior Lecturer in Criminology at the University of Essex, UK. Rossella Selmini is Associate Professor of Criminology at the Department of Legal Sciences at the University of Bologna, Italy
Tightening the grip of control: eco-justice activists’ experiences of repression during the pandemic
No full textThis chapter focuses on the experiences of repression, policing and state-corporate control of activists fighting for eco-justice during the COVID-19 pandemic—both from across Brazil and from a specific Italian city. Drawing on two qualitative studies conducted by the two authors during the pandemic and using analytical insights from critical and green criminology and political ecology, this chapter unveils activists’ experiences of repression and control during the COVID health crisis, which they saw as further tightening
Surface topography and surface elemental composition analysis of Helixone (R), a new high-flux polysulfone dialysis membrane
No full textModern dialysis membranes need to fulfil two basic requirements. Firstly, the membrane structure, defined in terms of the size, structure and distribution of the pores at the inner separating layer of the membrane must be such that uraemic solutes of a defined molecular-weight range are selectively removed. Secondly, the physical and chemical properties of the blood-contacting surface must be such that minimal blood-material interactions take place that could either affect the functioning of the membrane, or, cause adverse reactions for the patient. A new polysulfone dialysis membrane, Helixone((R)), has been developed specifically for the elimination of larger uraemic toxins using convective therapy modalities such as haemodiafiltration. The membrane is characterised by the nanoscale modulation of the innermost surface structures that lead to significantly increased sieving coefficients for molecules such as beta2-microglobulin, while maintaining the extremely low albumin removal property of the high-flux Fresenius Polysulfone membrane. A recent publication (Ronco C, Bowry SIC Nanoscale modulation of the pore dimensions, size distribution and structure of a new polysulfone-based high-flux dialysis membrane. Int J Artif Organs 2001; 24: 726-35) described the characterisation of the membrane of Helixone in terms of the membrane wall structure- and permeation-related parameters. In this paper, we describe the analysis of membrane surface parameters that influence the biocompatibility as well as the functioning of a membrane. The degree of roughness and the type of chemical groups of a blood-contacting surface are two of the main determinants of the biocompatibility characteristics of a membrane. The surface elemental composition of Helixone was determined using electron spectroscopy for elemental analysis (ESCA) while the surface topography of the membrane was evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The analysis showed that Helixone has an improved, smoother blood-contacting surface and retains the essential surface chemistry and therefore the acknowledged biocompatibility profile, of the Fresenius Polysulfone membrane
Loggia sul fiume Ronco / Loggia Along the Ronco River
No full text"Loggia Along the Ronco River": complesso multifunzionale con parco e sistema verde in area periurbana nei pressi del fiume Ronco, Forlì.Loggia: Gallery or room with one or more open sides, especially one that forms part of a house and has one side open to the garden. Origin: mid 18th century, from Italian, ‘lodge.’
Pubblicazione di progetto in opera enciclopedica. Autore: Rem Koolhaas et al.; Editore: Taschen. Il progetto 'Loggia Along the Ronco River' (R. Pasini, A. Ranieri, D. Canali, et al.) è un complesso a uso misto con sistema verde in area di frangia urbana nei pressi del fiume Ronco (Forlì). Il progetto è selezionato insieme a Loggia Lanzi, Grand Trianon e Convento de San Antonio a Izamal per rappresentare il tipo della 'loggia'
In vitro Removal of Therapeutic Drugs with a Novel Adsorbent System
No full textBackground/Aim: Substances in the middle molecular weight range have been shown to play a significant pathogenetic role in as diverse disorders as end-stage renal disease and multiple organ failure. To overcome the limitations in the amount removed by hemofilters, new sorbents with a high biocompatibility are actively being developed. Furthermore, biocompatible sorbents by their nonspecific adsorptive behavior could have great impact on detoxification treatment in exogenous intoxications. We performed an in vitro evaluation of a newly developed highly biocompatible sorbent cartridge (Betasorb(R)), examining its adsorptive capacity concerning therapeutic drugs. Methods: Uremic blood spiked with a range of therapeutic drugs was recirculated for 2 h in an in vitro hemoperfusion circuit containing a Betasorb device for hemoperfusion. The drug concentrations before and after the passage of the cartridge were measured, and the total amount removed was calculated. Results: The sorbent showed effective removal of glycopeptide antibiotics, digoxin, theophylline, phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. Moderate removal could be demonstrated for tacrolimus and cyclosporine A; aminoglycosides were removed to a small extent only. Conclusions: Betasorb hemoperfusion shows a potent adsorptive capacity concerning therapeutic drugs (except aminoglycosides) and could be of major value in the treatment of intoxications. On the other hand, drug monitoring and possible adjustments are necessary during Betasorb hemoperfusion to maintain the therapeutic ranges of the drugs in blood. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
New ideas in science and medicine and the renal control of acid-base balance
No full textOctober 3, 2005 - 9:10PM : Australians Barry J. Marshall and Robin Warren won the 2005 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine today for showing that bacteria are the cause of painful stomach ulcers in most people. "In 1982, when this bacterium was discovered by Marshall and Warren, stress and lifestyle were considered the major causes of peptic ulcer disease," the assembly said in its citation. "It is now firmly established that Helicobacter pylori causes more than 90 per cent of duodenal ulcers and up to 80 per cent of gastric ulcers." When the investigators proposed that peptic ulcer disease was an infectious disease, their hypothesis was widely ridiculed
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