1,721,076 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Updating Neanderthals: Understanding Behavioural Complexity in the Late Middle Palaeolithic
No full textUpdating Neanderthals: Understanding Behavioral Complexity in the Late Middle Paleolithic provides comprehensive knowledge on Neanderthals who lived throughout the European and Asian continents. The book synthesizes historical information about the study of Middle Paleolithic populations and presents current debates about their genetics, subsistence, technology, social and cognitive behaviors. It focuses on the last phase of Neanderthal settlements and presents the main patterns of modern humans across Europe. Written by international experts on the Middle Paleolithic who have conducted innovative studies in the last three decades, this book explores the implications of interactions between different human species, including Neanderthals, Denisovans and Sapiens. In addition, the book discusses the diversity and variability of human adaptations and behaviors in the changing climate and environment of the Late Pleistocene, and the relationship between these behaviors, demography and cognitive capabilities
Sustainable Urban Development. Organizing information content for the transition to Positive Energy Districts|Sviluppo Urbano Sostenibile. Organizzazione di contenuti informativi per la transizione verso i Distretti a Energia Positiva
No full textIn linea con le strategie di promozione dei Positive Energy Districts per una transizione verso città europee climaticamente neutre, il contributo riporta gli esiti di una ricerca volta all’individuazione dei fattori abilitanti per incentivare tale transizione sul territorio nazionale, identificando il ruolo svolto dai principali soggetti pubblici e privati nelle diverse fasi. A partire dallo studio dei processi attuativi, delle soluzioni tecnologiche e delle modalità di coinvolgimento degli stakeholder che hanno contribuito al buon esito di progetti virtuosi di sviluppo urbano sostenibile realizzati in Italia, la ricerca propone un approccio sistemico per l’organizzazione di contenuti informativi rilevanti in grado di supportare le Municipalità nell’individuazione di buone pratiche potenzialmente replicabili, incentivandole ad avviare nuovi processi di sviluppo urbano in chiave Positive Energy Districts.In line with the strategies to promote Positive Energy Districts for a transition to climate-neutral European cities, the contribution reports the outcomes of a research aimed at detecting the enabling factors to incentivize such a transition in the national territory, identifying the role played by the main public and private stakeholders in the different phases. Starting from the study of implementation processes, technological solutions and stakeholder involvement methods that have contributed to the success of virtuous sustainable urban development projects implemented in Italy, the research proposes a systemic approach for the organization of relevant information content capable of supporting Municipalities in identifying potentially replicable good practices, incentivizing them to initiate new urban development processes in Positive Energy Districts
Neanderthal Use of Callista chione Shells as Raw Material for Retouched Tools in South-east Italy: Analysis of Grotta del Cavallo Layer L Assemblage with a New Methodology,
No full textNeanderthal retouched tools made of marine shells have been reported in several sites in southern peninsular Europe. They are an adaptation to the coastal marine environment. Most important are the non-lithic tools that mark Mediterranean technical behaviour. Tool production is related to human needs, available resources, technical and social knowledge and innovation. The wide diffusion of shell tools make them interesting items for investigating the variability of technology and contact among Neanderthals groups. Although these tools were first identified in the last 1950s, they still have not been considered in sufficient detail. In particular, this technology is handicapped by the lack of detailed description and references for technological analysis. This research proposes an original method aimed at reconstructing the process of production and use of these tools. It was conceived for future comparisons, both between shell tools assemblages and between lithic and shell tools, creating a common vocabulary and a set of analytical principles borrowed from lithic analysis, with which to think systematically beyond single cases. The analytical method is organised in five parts: Taxonomy, Morphotechnical analysis, Technical analysis of the retouched cutting edge, Taphonomy and Experimental archaeology. Thereafter, we present data on the shell tools of Grotta del Cavallo, coming from a recent excavation in Layer L. It is the first detailed case study of Neanderthal non-lithic artefacts, applied to an assemblage with a significant number of well-preserved elements and with a certain stratigraphic context and represents a constructive framework for the knowledge of the local adaptation to this raw material and of variability of Neanderthal technical behaviour
Le Case di Comunità: alcune esperienze internazionali
No full textNell'ambito del SSN le Case di Comunità rappresentano il fulcro dei nuovi servizi assistenziali integrati sul territorio. Attraverso lo studio di tre casi internazionali l'articolo propone soluzioni progettuali che interpretano questa rinnovata visione dei servizi socio-sanitari secondo logiche di integrazione, relazione proattiva, inclusività con il contesto locale e la sua comunita
Windstorm Impacts on Forest-Related Socio-Ecological Systems: An Analysis from a Socio-Economic and Institutional Perspective
No full textWindstorms are considered among the most impacting natural events for European for‐ ests and related Socio‐Ecological Systems (SES). Given that their intensity and frequency are increas‐ ing, an in‐depth understanding of their impacts is crucial to mitigate risks and potential negative effects. However, so far, scientific research on windstorm impacts has mainly focused on environ‐ mental dimensions, while socio‐economic and institutional ones are rarely taken into consideration. Our analysis aims at enriching the current scientific knowledge on windstorm impacts on forest SES by providing an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art academic investigations on windstorm impacts on socio‐economic and institutional dimensions. Overall, 46 papers were reviewed to identify the most recurrent post‐windstorm dynamics and drivers that influence resilience and adaptation of socio‐ economic, institutional and related governance dimensions of European forest SES. Results show that the current scientific knowledge on socio‐economic impacts of windstorms mainly concentrates on forest‐related stakeholders and sectors, paying little attention to the broader social, cultural and institutional drivers that contribute to forest SES resilience. Further, cascade effects linking environ‐ mental, social and institutional dimensions are poorly analyzed. This restricted focus could lead to an incomplete understanding of the dynamics shaping socio‐economic adaptability to windstorms, affecting long‐term and sustainable recovery from extreme natural events. To correctly frame effec‐ tive, intersectoral and coordinated recovery strategies gaining a deeper understanding of human– environment interactions is needed, as well as acknowledging the positive influence of causal rela‐ tionships in improving forest‐related SES resilienc
Flood risk: financing for resilience using insurance adaptive schemes.
No full textThis paper shows how insurance markets can be used for mitigating the economic consequences of climate changes, in particular for facing flood risk. Not only providing financial compensation for losses, but also for financing resilience through mitigative infrastructures. This approach is similar to one allowed by the so called resilience bonds, financial instruments whose cash flows depend on the occurrence of contractually settled (catastrophic) events and part of the economic value of the investment is devoted to finance resilience actions. Our propose is based on an adaptive design of the insurance contract, based on information collected at each checking time and the (eventual) surplus of the premium paid respect to the payments occurred for damages has to be (automatically, settled in contractual conditions) used for financing mitigative infrastructures. The cost of these infrastructures, the time to build up, the implied risk reduction, have to be assessed by an engineering expertise and even we need a legal framework into which the actuarial quantitative model can be implemented. The periodic renewals of the contract (surplus evaluation, changing in risk exposure due to the infrastructures already built, ... ), can be interpreted as a sort of smart contracting and in this framework the novelty of blockchain technology could be used to collect new information from various sources
From novices to experts. Skill development and knowledge transmission in prehistory
No full textNo abstract availabl
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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