1,721,496 research outputs found

    [Marquis Lorenzo Romagnoli (c.1845), funerary sculpture]

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    From Berresford: Marquis Lorenzo Romagnoli (c.1845), G. Bombardini, Cimitero Urbano, Forli.Bust of man, woman and children.Title from Berresford

    Tobacco in the Erbario Estense and other Renaissance evidence of the Columbian taxon in Italy

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    The Erbario Estense, preserved in the Archivio Segreto Estense (Modena State Archives, Italy), is one of the very few sixteenth century herbaria still existing today. Among its exsiccata are a dozen species coming from the Americas, one of which is tobacco. The author of the specimen calls the plant Tabacho, ouer Herba Regina; Camus and Penzig, in the late nineteenth century, identify it as Nicotiana tabacum and affirm that it could be the most ancient direct proof of the presence of this plant in Italy. Today, attribution of the specimen to the above-mentioned species is certain and, according to the studies carried out for the present research, only three other sixteenth century exsiccata of N. tabacum still exist, all of them preserved in the Erbario Aldrovandi in Bologna. Therefore, the specimen of the Erbario Estense is extremely precious from a historical and scientific viewpoint. Tobacco was certainly known by the simplists who were working at that epoch in the lively scientific and medical environment of Ferrara, even if, according to documentary sources, real pharmacological use of the plant seems to have taken place only in successive phases

    A new tecnique for the evaluation of antifungal activity of an alcohol extract of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunberg on Pennicillium digitatum

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    The purpose of the present work was to test the activity of an extract of cloves E. caryophyllata Thunberg using the phytopathogen Penicillium digitatum as test fungus and to identify which components are most likely responsible for its antifungal activity. This plant is well known from the phytochemical point of view and for its antibacterial, antifungine activity and other biological properties. To obtain results with this fungus that shows a very fast growth a new, more appropriate technique, counting the number of colonies formed within 48 hours, had to be set up. The extract and the pure standard eugenol were highly active, totally preventing fungal growth, even at the lowest doses, karyophyllene did not shown any effect

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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