1,720,964 research outputs found
Direct detection of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis: comparison of polymerase chain reaction and culture.
No full text
Epidemiology of Whooping cough in Apulia, Italy, 1971-2003
No full textAim. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of B.
pertussis infection and the level of vaccination coverage (VC)
in Apulia in the period 1971-2003.
Methods. In Italy, notification of whooping cough has been
obligatory since 1962; it is considered a class II illness under
Italian law D.M. 15/12/1990, and all reported cases are
recorded by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Data
were gathered on cases of whooping cough in Apulia from 1971 to 2003 and on vaccination coverage for the period 1983-2003.
Results. Reported cases in Italy increased until the end of the 1980s, reaching a peak in 1987 (54.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants); subsequently the incidence began to decline (0.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2003).In Apulia, the pattern of incidence was similar to the national trend for the period considered, with a peak in 1983 (51.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and a low in 2001 (1.8 cases per
100,000 inhabitants), with all the provinces in the region showing a similar pattern except for the province of Bari, where the incidence was higher.
Conclusions. Overall, the data point to a correlation between
the high number of reported cases and insufficient VC until the 1980s. Subsequently, the launch of the whooping cough project (1996) and the advent of the acellular vaccine led to a significant increase in the level of vaccination coverage and a consequent fall in reported cases
Direct detection of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis: comparison of plymerase chain reaction and culture
No full textWe evaluated the diagnostic performance of a genomic DNA amplification method for Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis compared with culture isolation. Aliquots from B. pertussis and B. parapertussis cultures were added to sterile physiological saline or sterile distilled water to give bacterial suspensions of 10(8) cells/ml and serial dilutions were prepared. Suspensions in physiological saline were cultured on charcoal agar medium; bacterial growth was observed up to dilutions of 10(-7). Suspensions in distilled water were subjected to DNA extraction and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the extracts; the PCR was positive up to dilutions of 10(-8) for B. pertussis and 10(-9) for B. parapertussis. Since the efficacy of culture isolation, regarded as the standard for the detection of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, declines after the first stage of pertussis or with prior vaccination or antibiotic therapy, PCR, although not yet standardized, may provide an alternative diagnostic tool
Prevalenza Streptococcus Agalactiae in donne in gravidanza.
No full textIntroduzione. La colonizzazione da Streptococcus agalactiae di gruppo B(GBS) intra-parto materna è un importante fattore di rischio di malattia ad esordio precoce nei neonati. La trasmissione perinatale avviene dopo l’inizio del travaglio e lo screening colturale della vagina e del retto a gravidanza inoltrata, può identificare donne a rischio.
Scopo della ricerca è quello di determinare la frequenza di isolamento di GBS su campioni vaginali e rettali di gravide (35a-37asettimana).
Metodi. Nel periodo 1-04-04 ed 30-06-05 sono stati analizzati per GBS c/o l’U.O. di Patologia Clinica di Copertino n°600 tamponi vaginali e rettali. I campioni sono stati sottoposti ad esame colturale (identificazione fenotipica dei ceppi).
Per valutare l’efficacia della profilassi antibiotica praticata su gravide risultate positive all’esame colturale, sono stati effettuati tamponi auricolari, rettali e faringei sui neonati.
La ricerca di GBS è stata effettuata mediante:
- isolamento su Agar sangue;
- identificazione dell’antigene polisaccaridico (agglutinazione al lattice);
- identificazione biochimica;
- antibiogramma sui ceppi isolati ed identificati.
Risultati. Su 600 tamponi analizzati, 497(83%) sono risultati negativi e 103(17%) positivi.
I tamponi positivi appartenevano per il 35% a donne (20–25aa) colonizzate a livello vaginale, per il 53% a donne (25–30aa) colonizzate a livello vaginale e rettale, e per il 10% a donne (30–35aa) colonizzate a livello rettale.
Durante il travaglio le gestanti portatrici, sono state sottoposte a profilassi antibiotica endovenosa, con penicillina e/o ampicillina eliminando la trasmissione verticale di GBS e la sepsi neonatale (n=103).
Conclusioni. Non abbiamo osservato nessun caso di sepsi da GBS nei neonati da madri positive, ciò conferma che la profilassi antibiotica, riduce in maniera significativa la trasmissione verticale di GBS e la sepsi neonatale. L’incidenza riscontrata nel nostro nosocomio (17%) è in linea con quanto osservato in altri Paesi Europei (10%-20%).
In conclusione i dati ottenuti sottolineano l’importanza della prevenzione a cui le gestanti devono sottoporsi
"Direct detenction of B.Pertussis and B. Parapertussis: comparison of PCR and culture"
No full textWe evaluated the diagnostic performance of a genomic DNA amplification method for Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis compared with culture isolation. Aliquots from B. pertussis and B. parapertussis cultures were added to sterile physiological saline or sterile distilled water to give bacterial suspensions of 108 cells/ml and serial dilutions were prepared. Suspensions in physiological saline were cultured on charcoal agar medium; bacterial growth was observed up to dilutions of 10–7. Suspensions in distilled water were subjected to DNA extraction and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the extracts; the PCR was positive up to dilutions of 10–8 for B. pertussis and 10–9 for B. parapertussis. Since the efficacy of culture isolation, regarded as the standard for the detection of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, declines after the first stage of pertussis or with prior vaccination or antibiotic therapy, PCR, although not yet standardized, may provide an alternative diagnostic tool
Studio di captazione e ritenzione in vitro di Escherichia coli da parte di Mytilus galloprovincialis.
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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