1,720,998 research outputs found
Effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging and MDCT- enteroclysis in the diagnosis of bowel endometriosis
No full textIntroduction: Although various techniques have been proposed for the diagnosis of bowel endometriosis, no gold standard is currently available. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multidetector computerized tomography enteroclysis (MDCTe) in determining the presence of bowel endometriotic nodules and the depth of infiltration of the nodules in the bowel wall.
Materials and methods: This prospective study included 26 women (median age, 32 years; range, 19 – 38) with pain and gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of colorectal endometriosis (diarrhea, constipation, painful bowel move- ments, dyschezia, rectorrhagia). Patients underwent MRI (1T magnet, phased array coil, multiplanar FSET1, T1 fat sat, T2, T1 post-Gado sequences) and MDCTe (16-row MDCT scanner). MDCTe was performed after intestinal preparation, hypotonisation, and retrograde colon distension (obtained introducing 2000 ml of water). After the injection of iodinated contrast medium, the patient was scanned from the dome of the diaphragm to the pubic symphysis. The exams were reviewed independently and blindly by two radiologists. All women underwent laparoscopy within 2 weeks from imaging. After ade- quate adhesiolysis, last part of the ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum were systematically examined; all endometriotic nodules were excised by either nodulectomy (partial or full thickness) or bowel resection. Radiological findings were compared with surgical and histological data. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 13.0; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by using the CATmaker software.
Results: Bowel endometriosis was detected by MRI in 11 (42.3%) women and by MDCTe in 12 (46.2%) women. Surgery confirmed the presence of bowel endometriosis in the 12 patients identified by MDCTe. In the diagnosis of patients with bowel endometriosis, sensibility, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 91.7%, 100%, 100%, 93.3% for MRI and 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% for MDCTe. 21 nodules were identified by MRI and 22 by MDCTe; surgery identified a total of 25 nodules, they were located on the rectum (n 1⁄4 13), the sigmoid colon (n 1⁄4 11), caecum (n 1⁄4 1). All nodules missed by MRI andMDCTe were located on the rectum. One false positive nodule was observed at MDCTe and it was judged to reach the serosa. Among the nodules correctly identified at MRI, the depth of infiltration in the bowel wall was estimated to reach the serosa in 8 cases and the muscularis in 13 cases. At MDCTe, 4 nodules were judged to infiltrate the serosa, 16 nodules to reach the muscularis propria, and 1 reached to reach the mucosa. MDCTe correctly estimated the depth of infiltration of the nodules significantly more frequently than MRI (P 1⁄4 0.048).
Conclusions: Both MRI and MDCTe can reliably detect the presence of bowel endometriotic nodules; however, MDCTe is more accurate in estimating the depth of infiltration of the nodules in the bowel wall
Effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging and MDCT- enteroclysis in the diagnosis of bowel endometriosis
No full textIntroduction: Although various techniques have been proposed for the diagnosis of bowel endometriosis, no gold standard is currently available. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multidetector computerized tomography enteroclysis (MDCTe) in determining the presence of bowel endometriotic nodules and the depth of infiltration of the nodules in the bowel wall.
Materials and methods: This prospective study included 26 women (median age, 32 years; range, 19 – 38) with pain and gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of colorectal endometriosis (diarrhea, constipation, painful bowel move- ments, dyschezia, rectorrhagia). Patients underwent MRI (1T magnet, phased array coil, multiplanar FSET1, T1 fat sat, T2, T1 post-Gado sequences) and MDCTe (16-row MDCT scanner). MDCTe was performed after intestinal preparation, hypotonisation, and retrograde colon distension (obtained introducing 2000 ml of water). After the injection of iodinated contrast medium, the patient was scanned from the dome of the diaphragm to the pubic symphysis. The exams were reviewed independently and blindly by two radiologists. All women underwent laparoscopy within 2 weeks from imaging. After ade- quate adhesiolysis, last part of the ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum were systematically examined; all endometriotic nodules were excised by either nodulectomy (partial or full thickness) or bowel resection. Radiological findings were compared with surgical and histological data. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 13.0; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by using the CATmaker software.
Results: Bowel endometriosis was detected by MRI in 11 (42.3%) women and by MDCTe in 12 (46.2%) women. Surgery confirmed the presence of bowel endometriosis in the 12 patients identified by MDCTe. In the diagnosis of patients with bowel endometriosis, sensibility, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 91.7%, 100%, 100%, 93.3% for MRI and 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% for MDCTe. 21 nodules were identified by MRI and 22 by MDCTe; surgery identified a total of 25 nodules, they were located on the rectum (n 1⁄4 13), the sigmoid colon (n 1⁄4 11), caecum (n 1⁄4 1). All nodules missed by MRI andMDCTe were located on the rectum. One false positive nodule was observed at MDCTe and it was judged to reach the serosa. Among the nodules correctly identified at MRI, the depth of infiltration in the bowel wall was estimated to reach the serosa in 8 cases and the muscularis in 13 cases. At MDCTe, 4 nodules were judged to infiltrate the serosa, 16 nodules to reach the muscularis propria, and 1 reached to reach the mucosa. MDCTe correctly estimated the depth of infiltration of the nodules significantly more frequently than MRI (P 1⁄4 0.048).
Conclusions: Both MRI and MDCTe can reliably detect the presence of bowel endometriotic nodules; however, MDCTe is more accurate in estimating the depth of infiltration of the nodules in the bowel wall
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
High resolution ultrasound anatomy of normal Achilles tendon
No full textTo evaluate the ultrasound (US) appearance of the normal Achilles tendon at increasing frequency and establish an anatomical correlation for US findings, 30 normal tendons were examined in vivo and three in vitro with 10 MHz and 15 MHz mechanical sector probes. Side-by-side comparison was performed in vitro between the sonograms and the corresponding anatomical sections. Two tendinous portions were detected by presence of an internal acoustic interface which had different appearances: one (type I) or two (type II) continuous lines of increased thickness and greater reflectivity than adjacent fibrils; or displacement (type III) of the distal portion of the well insonated sector of the tendon body. When, on coronal scans of the tendon, no intratendinous linear echoes of increased reflectivity were visible, the two portions of the tendon were identified through the converging course of their bundles (type 0 pattern). Different echogenicity allowed the detection of two tendinous portions, also on axial images. Scanning of isolated tendons allowed precise location of these interfaces at the boundary between anatomically distinct tendinous portions arising from the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. Although the normal Achilles tendon is commonly regarded as a uniform structure by US, the use of high resolution probes allows identification of its constituent portions. Their identification may be useful to avoid misdiagnoses of pathological finding
Imaging of patients with biliopancreatic diversion for obesity: post-operative anatomy and findings in small bowel obstruction
No full text
Multidetector computerized tomography enteroclysis versus magnetic resonance enteroclysis in the diagnosis of colorectal endometriosis
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