1,721,042 research outputs found
Agitated "unipolar" depression re-conceptualized as a depressive mixed state: implications for the antidepressant-suicide controversy
No full textSuicide risk in mood disorders - can we better prevent suicide than predict it?
No full textThe risk of suicidal behaviour in major mood disorders is an inherent phenomenon and it strongly relates to the presence and severity of depressive episode. However, since the majority of mood disorder patients never commit or attempt suicide, special clinical characteristics of the illness as well as some personality, familial, psycho-social and demographic factors should also play a contributory role. Considering the clinically explorable suicide risk factors - discussed in this paper - in patients with major mood disorders, suicidal behaviour is predictable with a relatively good chance. As suicidal behaviour frequently develops later in the course of mood disorders, successful treatment of initially nonsuicidal major depressives and bipolar patients can prevent the later developing suicidal behaviour. This phenomenon could be called as "hidden suicide prevention". It means that preventing suicide is more easy than to predict it
NMDA receptor antagonists for depression: Critical considerations
No full textResearch studies suggest that glutamate dysfunction, in particular N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) abnormalities, may be involved in the pathophysiology of major neuropsychiatric conditions. Increased glutamatergic excitotoxic activity may be found in some brain circuits of patients with major depression. According to several published reports, NMDAR antagonists may exert antidepressant activity, but the molecular changes associated with abnormal glutamatergic neurotransmission remain unclear
Correction to. Depressive residual symptoms are associated with illness course characteristics in a sample of outpatients with bipolar disorder (European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, (2018), 268, 8, (757-768), 10.1007/s00406-018-0875-5)
No full textPlease, 6–7 lines before the bottom (abstract section), delete the following statement: “Subjects with residual symptoms were less likely to report substance abuse (?2 (2) = 11.937, p ≤ 0.005) and lifetime psychotic symptoms (?2 (2) = 10.577, p = 0.005)” and insert: “Subjects with residual symptoms were less likely to report substance abuse (?2 (2) = 11.937, p ≤ 0.005), are more likely to report lifetime psychotic symptoms (?2 (2) = 10.577, p = 0.005)” Please, 3–4 lines before the bottom (abstract section), delete the following statement: “After multivariate analyses, a significant positive contribution to residual symptoms was given only by duration of current illness episode (ß = 0.003; p ≤ 0.05), and lifetime psychotic symptoms (ß = 1.094; p ≤ 0.005)”. and insert: “After multivariate analyses, a significant positive contribution to residual symptoms was given only by duration of current illness episode (ß = 0.003; p ≤ 0.005), and significant distressing life events in the last 6 months (ß = 1.094; p ≤ 0.005)”. Page 4, column 2, 10 lines from the top (Results section), delete the following statement: “likely to report substance abuse (30.3 vs. 69.7%)” and insert: “likely to report substance abuse (46.7 vs. 53.3%)” Finally, throughout the Discussion section, page 10, column 1, 14 lines before the bottom, delete the following statement: “the functional outcome in BD appear to reflect”. and insert: “the functional outcome in BD appears to reflect”
Syndromes of Depression in Adolescent Age
No full textObjective: The aim of our research was to reveal the rate of occurrence of the symptoms of depression among the adolescent, and the interrelation between each symptom of depression and the sex. Methods: 423 adolescents were involved in the survey, students of secondary schools and secondary grammar schools. (235 girls and 188 boys). For measuring the rate of depression the abridged version of Beck’s Depression Inventory (including 13 items) was applied. Results: We found a considerably high rate of occurrence of depressive syndromes among adolescents; and an especially high rate of occurrence of such syndromes was revealed among adolescent girls
Depressive residual symptoms are associated with illness course characteristics in a sample of outpatients with bipolar disorder
No full textRates of 50–70% of residual symptoms referring to subsyndromal manifestations between episodes that do not meet the required criteria for episode definition were reported in bipolar disorder (BD). However, the specific role of these symptoms on the course of BD patients is poorly understood; thus, we aimed to investigate factors associated with depressive residual symptoms. Overall, 255 currently euthymic BD outpatients on maintenance treatment, including 95 (37.2%) males and 160 (62.8%) females, were consecutively recruited at the Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Genoa (Italy) and underwent detailed structured interviews, comprehensive clinical interviews, and clinical record reviews for assessment/collection of relevant information concerning the course of illness and clinical status including cross-referral of all available information. After categorizing subjects according to the presence/absence of residual symptoms, groups were compared along clinical variables and variables associated with residual symptoms were analyzed using multivariate analyses. Subjects with residual symptoms were less likely to report substance abuse (χ 2(2) = 11.937, p ≤ 0.005) and lifetime psychotic symptoms (χ 2(2) = 10.577, p = 0.005), and more likely to report higher illness episodes, longer duration of illness (t 253 = 67.282, p ≤ 0.001; t 253 = 10.755, p ≤ 0.001), and longer duration of current illness episode (t 253 = 7.707, p ≤ 0.001) than those without residual symptoms. After multivariate analyses, a significant positive contribution to residual symptoms was given only by duration of current illness episode (β = 0.003; p ≤ 0.05), and lifetime psychotic symptoms (β = 1.094; p ≤ 0.005). Clinicians have to pay attention to minimize residual symptoms that may significantly impact on the course of BD and achievement of full remission between episodes
Annual periodicity and personality: season of birth is associated with affective temperaments.
No full textEarly onset of action and sleep-improving effect are crucial in decreasing suicide risk: the role of quetiapine XR in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression
No full textNovel approaches to drug-placebo difference calculation: Evidence from short-term antidepressant drug-trials
No full textThe calculation of antidepressant-placebo difference (50% - 30% = 20%) in drug trials is based on the postulate that all placebo responders should be 'automatically' antidepressant responders, an assumption that has been never been specifically investigated and substantiated. However, some studies show that a clinically significant part of placebo responders are also antidepressant nonresponders. The traditional calculation of antidepressant-placebo difference seems, therefore, to be wrong because of an inherent fundamental bias resulting in a marked overestimation of the placebo effect. If the mechanism of action of antidepressant and placebo are independent (unrelated) and the randomization results in two identical (homogenous) groups of patients, then the two basic principles by which the evaluation of potentially useful drugs are based on, such as the relationship between antidepressant response and placebo response rates, would also be independent. In this case, only 50% of placebo responders are antidepressant responders (and another 50% of them are antidepressant nonresponders) and the antidepressant-placebo difference would be 50% - 15% = 35%, instead of 50% - 30% = 20%, as calculated by the traditional method. For real interpretation, decisions that have been made on traditional drug-placebo difference evaluation should be recalculated and reviewed, not only in major depression but also in other psychiatric and medical disorders where the drug-placebo difference is in the same magnitude. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
- …
