175 research outputs found
Performance Aspects of Introducing ARP in a GSM/GPRS Radio Network
No full textThe telecommunications market is nowadays driven by two trends: growing data traffic and increasing mobility. The expected growth of mobile data traffic requires a wireless ubiquitous data network. Unfortunately, the GSM network is less suitable for data. Connection set-up times are too long, the transmission speed of 9,6 kb/s is too low and the circuit switched GSM network is inefficient for bursty data traffic). The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system solves these problems to a certain extent. GPRS provides the GSM network with a parallel packet-switched data network that can deal with bursty traffic. Packet switching makes it possible to bill the actual data traffic. Moreover, the use of packet switching enables a short access time. GPRS increases the transmission speed up to a maximum gross bit rate of 171,2 kb/s. Another issue in GSM networks is the introduction of Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA), to replace the currently used Fixed Channel Assignment (FCA). FCA results in an inefficient and inflexible fixed frequency-cell relation. DCA algorithms though, do not have such a pre-planned channel-cell relation, or at least they have the capability to adapt it as the offered traffic changes. This report focuses on the introduction of DCA in a combined voice and data radio network. Only Autonomous Reuse Partitioning (ARP) will be considered, as a specific class of DCA algorithms, in comparison with FCA. Both aggressive and conditional ARP will be investigated. Most important performance measures are the blocking and dropping probabilities. A theoretical FCAmodel for systems with two independent classes of negative exponential traffic is presented in this report, where one class has priority over the other. The model has also been extended to the case where resources have been reserved for the low priority class. Simulation results will be presented for a linear cellular network model closed in a loop, in which voice traffic has priority over data. Both voice and data traffic have been modelled as Poisson processes where service times are negative exponentially distributed. Simulations have been run for adaptations of FCA, aggressive ARP and conditional ARP. The applied traffic pattern will vary in time and per cell. FCA is shown to perform reasonably for the voice traffic in terms of blocking and dropping probability for constant loads. However, it cannot deal with the extra GPRS traffic. It performs worse for voice traffic too, when the voice traffic load becomes heavier. The implemented aggressive ARP algorithm will be shown to perform well in terms of both voice and GPRS call blocking probability. Unfortunately, the aggressive ARP algorithm causes over 20% of the voice calls to drop, which makes aggressive ARP an unattractive option to support GPRS in a GSM network. This report shows that conditional ARP performs outstanding in terms of voice and data call blocking and dropping probabilities. Therefore, it seems an ideal candidate to implement DCA for a combined GSM/GPRS radio network. It releases capacity for GPRS traffic and deals better with changing traffic loads.Applied SciencesElectrical EngineeringTelecommunications and Traffic Control Systems laborator
ARP & Submersive Aesthetics
No full textThe video ARP and paper Submersive Aesthetics explore what might be at stake in an act of submersion in a space of perpetual darkness. The video and paper draw on an actual tourist trip taken in 2012, where three passengers travelled in a submersible to a depth of 2,000ft below sea level just off the coast of Roatan, Honduras. The video and paper present differing encounters with a state of submersion predicated on the view through the submersible’s thirty-inch porthole. For centuries we imagined the ocean as a horizontal void, stretch for nautical mile after nautical mile across the circumference of the planet. In the twenty-first century technology is positioning the seas vertically as we reach into deeper and deeper water. Renowned environmentalists sate that exploitation is outstripping exploration as the Abyssopelagic becomes a new frontier, but one that denies all inter-subjective encounters. In the video ARP no human presence is ever seen; there is only audible reference to released oxygen and creaking steel reinforcing the separation of the confined and claustrophobic space of viewing - the sub, and the fluid space of submersion. The video sinks the audience into the space of the hydrosphere, where the human is unmoored from the known centralities of the terrestrial. The paper proposes that the dynamic, blue-black materiality of the ocean contests anthropocentric modes of knowledge by exploring a collective encounter with a state of submersion. It asks what happens when we are confronted with the space of alterity? What is it to find oneself submerged in a state that is overwhelming and fluid, with no perceivable exterior? To be totally contained and then immersed, on all sides, and crucially from above: to be surrounded by a different state – liquid, fluid, yet solid in its pressure. What happens when we recognise the primordial, but the primordial does not recognise us? Is it possible that such a decentring environment might enable other configurations
Replication Data for: Survey of Replication Data in AJPS, APSR, PQR, AJS, and ARP
No full textSurvey of Replication Data in AJPS (2012-2016), APSR (2012-2014), PRQ (2012-2016), AJS (2012-2014), and ARP (2012-2014)
Title, author(s), page numbers, issue and volume numbers are recorded for each article. Domestic in focus, empirical, a link to replication data, and an active (not "dead") link to replication data are all coded as 1. The links are then broken down by the type of website they link to. All links are provided
Replication Data for: Survey of Replication Data in AJPS, APSR, PQR, AJS, and ARP
No full textSurvey of Replication Data in AJPS (2012-2016), APSR (2012-2014), PRQ (2012-2016), AJS (2012-2014), and ARP (2012-2014)
Title, author(s), page numbers, issue and volume numbers are recorded for each article. Domestic in focus, empirical, a link to replication data, and an active (not "dead") link to replication data are all coded as 1. The links are then broken down by the type of website they link to. All links are provided
Bill Arp\u27s Peace Papers: Columns on War and Reconstruction, 1861-1873
No full textFirst published in 1873, Bill Arp’s Peace Papers, by Charles Henry Smith (1826–1903), is a collection of writings from the Civil War and Reconstruction by the Confederacy’s most famous humorist. Smith, a lawyer in Rome, Georgia, took the penname “Bill Arp” in April 1861, following the firing on Fort Sumter, when he wrote a satiric response to Abraham Lincoln’s proclamation ordering the Southern rebels to disperse within twenty days. In his letter addressed to “Mister Linkhorn” and written in the semiliterate backwoods dialect adopted by numerous mid-nineteenth-century humorists, Smith advised the president, “I tried my darndest yisterday to disperse and retire . . . but it was no go.”
The “Linkhorn” letter, reprinted in many Southern newspapers, was wildly popular across the South, and Smith followed it with dozens of other similarly comic pieces over the next few years, all signed by “Bill Arp.” During the war he mocked Lincoln and praised the bravery and sacrifice of the Confederates, but he also turned a disapproving eye on those Southerners—from draft dodgers to Georgia governor Joe Brown—whose actions he viewed as detrimental to the war effort. Following the war he turned his attention to criticizing Reconstruction efforts to reshape Southern race relations. Later Smith collected the best of these pieces in Bill Arp’s Peace Papers, a valuable example of the Southern conservative perspective on the Civil War and Reconstruction era.
This Southern Classics edition makes Smith’s witticisms as Arp available once more, augmented with a new introduction by Georgia historian David B. Parker, which places the writings and their author in historical and literary context
The Philosophy of J. J. Abrams
No full textAmerican auteur Jeffrey Jacob “J. J.” Abrams’s genius for creating densely plotted scripts has won him broad commercial and critical success in TV shows such as Felicity (1998–2002), Emmy-nominated Alias (2001–2006), Emmy and Golden Globe-winning Lost (2004–2010), and the critically acclaimed Fringe (2008–2013). In addition, his direction in films such as Cloverfield (2008), Super 8 (2011), and the new Mission Impossible and Star Trek films has left fans eagerly awaiting his revival of the Star Wars franchise. As a writer, director, producer, and composer, Abrams seamlessly combines geek appeal with blockbuster intuition, leaving a distinctive stamp on all of his work and establishing him as one of Tinsel Town’s most influential visionaries.
In The Philosophy of J.J. Abrams, editors Patricia L. Brace and Robert Arp assemble the first collection of essays to highlight the philosophical insights of the Hollywood giant’s successful career. The filmmaker addresses a diverse range of themes in his onscreen pursuits, including such issues as personal identity in an increasingly impersonal digitized world, the morality of terrorism, bioethics, friendship, family obligation, and free will.
Utilizing Abrams’s scope of work as a touchstone, this comprehensive volume is a guide for fans as well as students of film, media, and culture. The Philosophy of J.J. Abrams is a significant contribution to popular culture scholarship, drawing attention to the mind behind some of the most provocative television and movie plots of our day.
Patricia L. Brace is professor of art history at Southwest Minnesota State University. She has contributed to many philosophy and popular culture volumes, including Lost and Philosophy: The Island Has its Reasons, The Philosophy of Joss Whedon, and The Philosophy of David Lynch.
Robert Arp is the editor of a number of books, including The Philosophy of Ang Lee and South Park and Philosophy: You Know, I Learned Something Today, and coeditor of Philosophy of Biology: An Anthology.
“This work is a significant contribution to pop culture scholarship that draws attention to the mind behind some of the most provocative television and movie plots of our day.” – Sharon Kaye, author of Philosophy, A Complete Introduction
“This well designed book opens up the works of J.J. Abrams like a Lamborghini on beautiful boundless freeway. With essays ranging from the metaphysics of time and self, to emerging issues in ethics as technology advances, this book is great for any class in Introductory Philosophy. Students will encounter essays that focus on everything from existential dread in the vast infinity of Star Trek space (Piven & Stephenson) to the nature of love in Super 8 (Auxier). Abrams forces us to shift our understanding out of automatic when we view his many creative works; he drives us in many philosophical directions. This book is a V6 thrill-ride that makes thinking in high gear fun.”-- Sara Waller, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Montana State Universityhttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_american_popular_culture/1016/thumbnail.jp
Improving the Sustainability Assessment of the Olympic Games through Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Analysis
No full textMega sporting events like the Olympic Games have significant impacts on society, economy and the environment. This thesis aims to enhance the comprehensive sustainability assessment of the Olympic Games. Previous research showed that the sustainability of the Games is declining, which contradicts the International Olympic Committee’s ambitions to steadily improve sustainability, culminating in Paris 2024’s goal to be the first climate-positive Games. Moreover, some of the indicators used in this previous approach have validity deficiencies, leading to uncertainties of the analysis. Therefore, we investigated the development of sustainability of ten Olympic Games between 2000 and 2018 applying an environmentally-extended input-output analysis (EE-IOA). Along the way, we explored the general potential of EE-IOA, as one of the systems analysis approaches of Industrial Ecology. EE-IOA is a logical step, as input-output analysis (IOA) is already a common tool for analyzing the pure economic impact of the Olympic Games. We found stagnating sustainability for the Olympic Summer Games and decreasing sustainability of the Winter Games. We furthermore showed that expenditures in venue constructions are often the main driver of impacts. Moreover, this study revealed that displaced impacts are frequently displaced to developing nations. Overall, we showed that the development of the sustainability of the Olympic Games stands in contrast to the aspired ambitions. For Olympic Organizing Committees this assessment method is a feasible addition to provide valuable insights in order to reduce impacts caused by hosting the Games. The findings imply the necessity of initiating a societal dialogue concerning the trade-off between selecting sustainable countries as hosts for the Olympic Games or considering the inclusion of developing, less sustainable nations in hosting future Olympic Games, which lies within the Olympic motto.Industrial Ecolog
Amadori reaction products of theanine and glucose: formation, structure, and analysis in tea
No full textMaillard reaction is a cascade of complex reactions triggered by the condensation of amino and carbonyl compounds. It is an important chemical reaction that is widely applied in the food industry since it is closely related with the formation of color, odor and taste of food products. As a representative intermediate of Maillard reaction, Amadori Rearrangement Product (ARP) was suggested to be a potential flavor precursor that could be monitored during food processing. In order to further study the structure and properties of ARPs, the preparation and purification methods of ARPs have been developed by many researchers in recent decades. Theanine is a unique type of amino acid that is presented in tea. Not only being a known umami taste contributor, but also the potential health promoting effects of theanine, including neuroprotective, psychological well-being, and enhancement of cognitive performance has attracted much attention from researchers over decades. While thermal processing, such as roasting and drying, were common in the manufacture of various teas, it is reasonable to suggest that the formation of theanine-glucose ARP (ARP 1), as well as ARP derived from glucose and the major thermal degradation product of theanine, pyroglutamic acid (ARP 2), could be observed. In the present work, ARPs derived from the Maillard reaction between theanine and glucose were identified by liquid chromatograph tandem mass spectrum (LC-MS/MS) methods. The effects of initial reactant ratio, temperature, pH and heating time on ARPs generation were analyzed, and results showed that temperature is the crucial factor for the formation of ARPs. The formation of both ARPs was most favored under 100 °C, while alkaline environment slightly promoted the generation of ARP 1 and acidic conditions contributed more to ARP 2 formation. Decomposition of ARP 1 was suggested to be the predominant formation mechanism of ARP 2. Preparation, purification and structure identification of ARP 1 were conducted, with its structure confirmed as 1-deoxy-1-L-theanino-D-fructose. The contents of ARP 1 in green, black, dark, white, yellow and Oolong teas were quantitatively determined, of which black teas contained the highest levels of ARP 1, possibly due to the high glucose content and processing techniques. Sensory evaluation results showed that ARP 1 could potentially reduce the bitterness and astringency of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in tea. In addition, the formation and degradation of ARPs with/without EGCG will be further studied. The aim of this study is to identify the ARPs derived from theanine and glucose through thermal model reaction, as well as to determine the content of ARP 1 in various types of tea samples, which would contribute to future research on their chemical interactions with catechins and sensory properties in tea.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical reference
Brugada syndrome - Report of the second consensus conference - Endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society and the European Heart Rhythm Association
No full textAbstract
Since its introduction as a clinical entity in 1992, the Brugada syndrome has progressed from being a rare disease to one that is second only to automobile accidents as a cause of death among young adults in some countries. Electrocardiographically characterized by a distinct ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, the syndrome is associated with a high risk for sudden cardiac death in young and otherwise healthy adults, and less frequently in infants and children. Patients with a spontaneously appearing Brugada ECG have a high risk for sudden arrhythmic death secondary to ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. The ECG manifestations of Brugada syndrome are often dynamic or concealed and may be unmasked or modulated by sodium channel blockers, a febrile state, vagotonic agents, alpha-adrenergic agonists, beta-adrenergic blockers, tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants, a combination of glucose and insulin, hypo- and hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, and alcohol and cocaine toxicity. In recent years, an exponential rise in the number of reported cases and a striking proliferation of articles defining the clinical, genetic, cellular, ionic, and molecular aspects of the disease have occurred. The report of the first consensus conference, published in 2002, focused on diagnostic criteria. The present report, which emanated from the second consensus conference held in September 2003, elaborates further on the diagnostic criteria and examines risk stratification schemes and device and pharmacological approaches to therapy on the basis of the available clinical and basic science data
Brugada syndrome - Report of the second consensus conference
No full textSince its introduction as a clinical entity in 1992, the Brugada syndrome has progressed from being a rare disease to one that is second only to automobile accidents as a cause of death among young adults in some countries. Electrocardiographically characterized by a distinct ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, the syndrome is associated with a high risk for sudden cardiac death in young and otherwise healthy adults, and less frequently in infants and children. Patients with a spontaneously appearing Brugada ECG have a high risk for sudden arrhythmic death secondary to ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. The ECG manifestations of Brugada syndrome are often dynamic or concealed and may be unmasked or modulated by sodium channel blockers, a febrile state, vagotonic agents, alpha-adrenergic agonists, beta-adrenergic blockers, tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants, a combination of glucose and insulin, hypo- and hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, and alcohol and cocaine toxicity. In recent years, an exponential rise in the number of reported cases and a striking proliferation of articles defining the clinical, genetic, cellular, ionic, and molecular aspects of the disease have occurred. The report of the first consensus conference, published in 2002, focused on diagnostic criteria. The present report, which emanated from the second consensus conference held in September 2003, elaborates further on the diagnostic criteria and examines risk stratification schemes and device and pharmacological approaches to therapy on the basis of the available clinical and basic science data
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