1,721,028 research outputs found
Macro and trace - elements in drinking water and diet; correlations with chronic diseases. - Note 1: Calcium, Magnesium, Cobalt, Chromium, Manganese, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Cadmium, Lead in drinking water in the Province of Macerata.
No full textAfter a brief review of the biological action and the role played by macro - and trace elements in diet and especially in drinking water, a systematic dose-sampling of some of these elemnts (Ca, Mg, Cr, Cd, Co, Cn, Zn, Pb, Ni and Mn) was carried out in 126 aquaducts and 30 springs in the Province of Macerata. The concentration of the trace elemnts considere proved greatly inferior to the limit-values indicated by OMS for drinking water and such as not to represent in any way a toxic risk for the users. As can be seen from the maps, the distribution of cobalt, nickel, chromium, manganese and cadmium show fairly homogeneous progress; greater variation emerged for copper, zinc, and lead, the values of which at distribution, compared with those determined at source, showed a constant significant increase (being elemnts that are more easily lost from the pipes). The contribution of oligoelemnts in drinking water in comparisono with the quntities ingested with foodstuffs represents a rather modest percentage (0.1% - 2.3%), but it must be emphasied that their presence in water in ionic form permits their almost complete absorption by the organism. The Authors, finally, underline the importance of the exact knowledge of the mineral contribution partcularly for possible correlations with chronic diseases: as far as thise is concerned, according to the Authors, more attention ought to be given to the quantitative relations between the elemnts, and therefore to the mineral imbalance, rather to the absolute concentrations of the individual trace elements
Macro and trace-elemnts in drinking water and diet. Paper 2: calcium, magnesium, cobalt chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, cadium, lead in drinking water in the Marche Region.
No full textThe results of systemic dose-sampling of some mcro and trace-elemnts in drinking water in the Marche Region are described. The concentrations of such elements in drinking waters of all the considered Communes result below the limit values indicated by OMS. In Pesaro and Ancona provinces the higest concentrations and remarkable variation in the distribution have bee found so that a role exerted by greater industrila development in the above mentioned provinces is supposed. Furthermore, the significance of the role of foods to feed the organism with such elements is stressed. Though the quantities igested with drinking water represent a rather low percentage as compared with quantities ingested with food-stuffs, the absorption by drinking water is much higher than absorption from foods. The importance of the exact knowledge of the mineral is also stressed contribution not only as quantitative relations among the elements that can determine mineral imbalances to organism, at present sudied by researches to get possible correlations with chronic diseases
Hairy Cell Leukemia.
No full textHairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an indolent B-cell lymphoproliferative disease, characterized by splenomegaly and pancitopenia related to this. The lymphocytes present characteristic citoplasmatic projections and are positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Immunophenotyping is necessary to identify the co expression of CD103, CD25, CD11c associated with a typical B-cell clonally pattern and to make a differential diagnosis from other indolent malignancies. Despite the indolent clinical course, treatment is required to resolve symptoms related to splenomegaly and to reduce the incidence of severe infections that are the major complications and a common cause of death. In the past the treatment was only able to resolve the symptoms. In the revised literature, purine analog have been identified as the treatment of choice for this disease. Cladribrine (2-CdA) is able to induce more than 80% of complete remission and is also effective in relapsed patients. Rituximab after 2-CdA treatment can obtain a molecular response in most cases. The introduction of purine analog, and recently of Rituximab, in association with conventional chemotherapy can modify the clinical course of the disease with low toxicities. © Current Science Inc. 2007
The PML/RAR alpha fusion gene in the diagnosis and monitoring of acute promyelocytic leukemia
No full textThe acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)-specific t(15;17) chromosome abnormality is characterized at the molecular level by rearrangement of the PML and RAR alpha genes, resulting in fusion PML/RAR alpha mRNA and a chimeric protein. Besides its relevance in the pathogenesis of the disease, this hybrid gene represents a specific tumor marker that is rapidly detectable by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the RNA extracted from leukemic blasts. Several studies have highlighted the clinical relevance of PML/RAR alpha detection, which provides a specific diagnosis, prognostic information, and prediction of relapse when monitoring residual disease during the follow-up. In fact, this hybrid gene is detected in 100% of APLs. Rare cases of patients with a morphological diagnosis of FAB M3 AML who lack the specific PML/RAR alpha abnormality have been reported as being unresponsive to differentiation treatment. Finally, all the studies reported so far on PCR monitoring in APL have documented that the identification of small amounts of residual disease at remission strongly predicts impending relapse. Thus, RT-PCR of the hybrid PML/RAR alpha gene is currently performed prospectively as part of cooperative clinical trials aimed at better addressing post-remission treatment in APL
Low dose 2-CdA schedule activity in splenic marginal zone lymphomas.
No full textSplenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare clinicopathological entity among marginal zone lymphomas. SMZL is an indolent lymphoma usually treated by splenectomy. A subset of patients is characterized by a more aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. Treatment of these cases and second-line therapy for relapsed patients have not been yet identified. We report 10 cases treated with cladribrine (5 mg/m(2)/week) for six courses. Six patients (60%) achieved partial response, two patients (20%) achieved a complete response and the two remaining patients did not respond and died as a result of progression of the disease. The treatment was well tolerated. A total of 60% of the patients had an overall survival rate of 48 months and 24 months progression-free-survival was achieved by 37% with a median time of progression-free-survival of 17 months. Interestingly, in addition to a relevant percentage of hematological remission, some patients also experienced a molecular remission. We conclude that this treatment is safe and well tolerated and is able to induce a substantial number of responses. Our results suggest that this schedule is well tolerated and could be an useful alternative to splenectomy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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