1,721,878 research outputs found
Programmazione sanitaria a livello di azienda: gli strumenti della programmazione e del controllo operativo
No full textPersonalized medicine: What are the challenges for health services?
No full textGenetics and genomics, together with other biomedical sciences and digital technologies, have a vital role to play in transforming health services to become systems that can work for health in the 21st century in ways that are affordable and that respond to individuals' requirement for more autonomy. Health services should embrace this agenda and implement changes in the organization of care
The evolution of the Italian National Health Service
No full text40 years ago, Italy saw the birth of a national, universal health-care system (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale [SSN]), which provides a full range of health-care services with a free choice of providers. The SSN is consistently rated within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development among the highest countries for life expectancy and among the lowest in health-care spending as a proportion of gross domestic product. Italy appears to be in an envious position. However, a rapidly ageing population, increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, rising demand, and the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed weaknesses in the system. These weaknesses are linked to the often tumultuous history of the nation and the health-care system, in which innovation and initiative often lead to spiralling costs and difficulties, followed by austere cost-containment measures. We describe how the tenuous balance of centralised versus regional control has shifted over time to create not one, but 20 different health systems, exacerbating differences in access to care across regions. We explore how Italy can rise to the challenges ahead, providing recommendations for systemic change, with emphasis on data-driven planning, prevention, and research; integrated care and technology; and investments in personnel. The evolution of the SSN is characterised by an ongoing struggle to balance centralisation and decentralisation in a health-care system, a dilemma faced by many nations. If in times of emergency, planning, coordination, and control by the central government can guarantee uniformity of provider behaviour and access to care, during non-emergency times, we believe that a balance can be found provided that autonomy is paired with accountability in achieving certain objectives, and that the central government develops the skills and, therefore, the legitimacy, to formulate health policies of a national nature. These processes would provide local governments with the strategic means to develop local plans and programmes, and the knowledge and tools to coordinate local initiatives for eventual transfer to the larger system
Personalized prevention in oncology: integrating the current approaches for the benefit of population health
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Is Endemicity a Solution for the COVID-19 Pandemic? The Four E's Strategy for the Public Health Leadership
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Pandemic Preparedness among Big Energy Companies: Call to Research and Action
Full text link: The COVID-19 pandemic, as a global phenomenon, has affected all the working realities, worldwide, with the same issues. The aim of the present work is to assess the experiences of management and their preparedness during the pandemic among big companies, in particular, in the energy sector. Based on an overview of scientific evidence and grey literature, we found that big companies followed evidence-based decision-making practices and offered preparedness and information plans. Specifically, these plans contained recommendations and best practices to be followed to avoid the risk of infection in the workplaces, as well as in the field of epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Nevertheless, many research efforts are required, and it is important that a large number of big companies and corporations address these challenges worldwide, adopting a new sustainable approach that includes both the productivity and health of the workers. A Call to Action was then issued in order to achieve evidence-based leadership to address current and future public health emergency scenarios
Introduction of new and reinforcement of existing compulsory vaccinations in italy: First evaluation of the impact on vaccination coverage in 2017
Full text linkIn June 2017, a decree-law to increase the number of mandatory vaccinations from 4 to 10 for minors up to 16-years-old was issued in Italy. The vaccination coverage for 2017 showed a positive impact for all the vaccines, particularly for the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine at 91.6% for the year 2017, showing a 4.4% increase compared with 2016 (87.2%). Continued monitoring is needed to evaluate the medium to long-term effects of the law
Moving towards compulsory vaccination: The Italian experience
Full text linkVaccine hesitancy is a phenomenon that has increased widely in the last few years, in the Europe and in the USA, giving its consequences on vaccine coverage rates. The decrease in those rates caused an enormous spread of preventable infections that were quite rare in the past years, or, at least, presented mild consequences. Since immunization is an issue of coverage rates, the European Council prompted the National Health Authorities to face the challenge of reaching the target of 95% of the population, set by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), through the implementation of effective vaccination policies.
In Italy, coverage rates have been decreasing in the last few years. In 2016, the following coverage rates at 24 months for birth cohort 2014 have been reported by Italian..
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