1,721,016 research outputs found
Expressionof urokinase plasminogen activator (UPA) in malignant and benign breast tissue:analysis by quantitative RT-PCR assays
No full textM36 EXPRESSION OF UROKINASE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR
(UPA) IN MALIGNANT AND BENIGN BREAST TISSUE: ANALYSIS BY
QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR ASSAYS
Ceccarelli Francesca, Fuso Andrea, Civitelli Liana, Ranieri Ersilia, Pagni Paola,
Caprio Giuliana, Rengo Mario, Scarpa Sigfrido
Surgical Department ‘‘Pietro Valdoni’’, University of Rome ‘‘La Sapienza’’,
Rome, Italy
Background: degradation of extracellular matrix by proteolytic enzymes is an
important step for tumour invasion and metastasis; uPA is a cornerstone in this process
and it plays an essential role in migration and cell adhesion.
Patients and methods: the expression of uPA mRNA was examined in 4 breast cancer
samples (2 ductal invasive breast cancer and 2 lobular invasive breast cancer) and 4
benign breast lesions (2 fibroadenoma and 2 typical hyperplasia). We compared these
values with uPA expression of good health women leucocytes (arbitrary value = 1). We
used RT Real Time-PCR assays; uPA expression levels were normalized to the
expression level of housekeeping gene 18S.
In breast cancer group, all women were in postmenopausal state with median age of
67,25 years. Benign group women were relatively younger, with median age of 52 years.
Result: uPA expression was significantly elevated in malignant samples when
compared to the benign lesions group (5,55-folds vs 3,48-folds). Elevated uPA mRNA
levels were associated with negative steroid hormone receptor status (ER- = 11,72-folds
vs ER+ = 2,77-folds), high values of Ki67 (10% = 1,43-folds vs 70%= 13-folds) and
high clinical stage at diagnosis, with 13-folds increase in inflammatory carcinoma.
Conclusion: these data indicate that uPA is up-regulated in malignant samples and are
consistent with its role in determining invasive potential and poor prognosis in breas
Thyroid surgery:total and partial resection.Analysis of complications and a review of the literature
No full textAbstract The authors review the recent international literature relating to approximately 36,800 cases of thyroid surgery, analysing the complications associated with total thyroidectomy versus partial resection of the thyroid, with a view to drawing up lines of conduct in terms of indications for surgery of benign disease and suggestions on surgical technique to reduce complications such as recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries (transient and definitive), hypocalcaemia (transient and definitive) and superior laryngeal nerve injuries
Torsion of an accessory spleen simulating acute appendicitis in an adult treated by laparoscopy.
No full textLaparoscopic 360° fundoplication with”tension free” hiatoplasty
La laparoscopia in urgenza in 180 casi di addome acuto: sua validità nella diagnosi e nel trattamento.
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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