162,636 research outputs found
Fluctuat nec mergitur or what happened to Reikian psychoanalysis?
No full textThe official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright @ 2006 American Psychological AssociationAlthough Theodor Reik was a celebrated psychoanalyst during the 1950s and 1960s, his work has not resulted in the development of a specific psychoanalytic tradition, and his name has gradually disappeared from Western cultural memory. Following the mode of argumentation of the reductio ad absurdum, the author critically examines six possible explanations for this remarkable observation, thereby drawing on published materials and archival sources relating to the life and works of Reik. Once these explanations have been discarded, the author argues that the main reason for the absence of a Reikian tradition within psychoanalysis stems from Reik's belief in the analytic virtue of intellectual independence. This belief may have contributed to his own departure from the psychoanalytic training institution that he helped to create, yet it also implies that Reikian psychoanalysis somehow lives on in all those practitioners who do not seek to affiliate with a doctrinal school of thought
Reik, Ella Hannah (Birth, 1899-10-31)
No full textAddress: 2114 Turner Avenue4553/Pg 104/1899/F W/Germany/Cinti, Ohio/Marie Fraesdorf, Mid.Original record filed in drawer labeled 'REIK-REMY'
Reik, Louis (Birth, 1907-05-23)
No full textAddress: S. E. Cor Wade & John2256/Pg 107/1907/M W/Russia/Russia/Dr. MeitersOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'REIK-REMY'
Reik, Celia (Birth, 1908-11-04)
No full textAddress: John & Wade5163/Pg.123/1908/F W/Russia/Russia/Dr. H. J. CookOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'REIK-REMY'
Reik, Minnie (Birth, 1897-01-30)
No full textAddress: 2114 Turner Alley330/Pg 177/1897/F W/Germany/Ohio/Mrs. M. FraesdorfOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'REIK-REMY'
A function of thymine DNA glycosylase-initiated DNA repair in maintaining epigenome stability
No full textThe Thymine DNA Glycosylase (TDG) was initially discovered by its ability to excise the deamination
products of cytosine and 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and therefore thought to initiate base excision
repair (BER) of the resulting G•U and G•T mismatches. Later, TDG was also found to act in concert
with transcription factors in the regulation of gene expression.
With its apparently two-sided nature, TDG has riddled researchers for many years and the stimuli
and interactions that control TDG function are still under investigation. The aim of my thesis was to
dissect the role of TDG in DNA repair with a focus on its regulation by post-translational modification,
and to investigate how TDG-initiated BER contributes to epigenetic stability at CpG islands (CGIs)
during cell differentiation.
Both described functions of TDG, in DNA repair and in the regulation of gene expression, require its
post-translational modification and non-covalent interaction with the small ubiquitin-like modifiers,
SUMO1 and SUMO2/3. Extensive biochemical studies by our laboratory have shown that
SUMOylation of TDG may induce its dissociation from the abasic (AP-) site after base excision.
However, in vivo evidence corroborating an involvement of SUMOylation in TDG-dependent BER has
been pending and the function of non-covalent SUMO-binding has remained elusive. I thus
generated a Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) system to monitor the interaction
between TDG and SUMO1 or SUMO3 in cells. I was able to confirm a modulation of the SUMO1-TDG
interaction dynamics in response to DNA damage, whereas the interaction with SUMO3 remained
unaffected, suggesting that modification by SUMO3 might regulate TDG function in a context other
than DNA repair.
To investigate the biological function of TDG genetically, we generated a Tdg knockout mouse. In
contrast to any other known DNA glycosylase, deletion of Tdg caused embryonic lethality. Further
characterization of MEFs isolated from TDG-proficient and -deficient embryos revealed no evidence
for a DNA repair defect, but a significant number of misregulated genes in differentiated Tdg-/- cells,
as well as a loss of active histone marks, gain of repressive histone modifications and an
accumulation of 5-mC at CGI promoters. A phenotype we did not observe in embryonic stem cells.
From these data, we proposed a dual function of TDG in maintaining active chromatin states at
promoters in differentiating cells, first by structurally coordinating histone modifying enzymes and
second by counteracting errors of the DNA methylation machinery by initiating repair of aberrantly
methylated cytosines in CGIs. Consistent with a TDG-dependent engagement of DNA repair at such
sites, we found BER factors to associate with these promoters and DNA repair intermediates to
accumulate in differentiating cells in a TDG dependent manner.
To investigate further how TDG is involved in DNA methylation control, we mapped DNA methylation
in the genomes of TDG-proficient and -deficient mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), neuronal
progenitor cells (NPs) and MEFs and found differential methylation to arise only with differentiation.
Further characterization of the resulting differentially methylated regions (DMRs) revealed that those
overlapping with a CGI were almost exclusively hypomethylated in TDG-deficient compared to -proficient cells,
reflecting a failure to establish methylation at these CGIs during differentiation. In
search of the reason for this failure in a 24 h differentiation timecourse, we found global 5-mC levels
to rise with differentiation in cells lacking TDG activity, in parallel to the generation of the final
products of TET-protein catalyzed 5-mC oxidation, 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-
caC), the latter two of which are proposed intermediates of active DNA demethylation and
substrates for TDG. Differentiation thus appeared to induce methylation but also the intermediates
of active demethylation. We therefore analyzed 5-mC and 5-caC levels at the CGI DMRs and found
both to rise with differentiation in wildtype cells, suggesting that the loss of pluripotency induces a
cycle of DNA methylation and demethylation specific CGIs. In Tdg knockout cells, though, this
induction appeared to fail whereas in cells expressing a catalytically dead mutant TDG (TDG-cat), the
cycle of methylation and demethylation was induced but blocked by the inability of TDG-cat to excise
5-caC.
Taken together, in collaboration with colleagues from different laboratories I was able to show that
differentiation triggers a state of high epigenetic plasticity at these CGIs and that catalytically active
TDG is required to maintain an equilibrium of DNA methylation and demethylation. The imbalance of
epigenetic marks resulting from knockout of TDG disrupts gene expression programs and the
accumulation of aberrations eventually leads to loss of viability on the cellular and on the organismic
level
Prof. Th. W. Adorno and the author Hans Erich Nossack.
No full textProf. Th. W. Adorno and the author Hans Erich Nossack at a reception of Insel Verlag, Buchmesse Frankfurt 1966LB
Nowe spojrzenie na planowanie architektury mieszkaniowej w afryce subsaharyjskiej
No full textThe author shares his reflections on state of art in housing and urban planning, deficiencies, expectations and possibilities in the Sahel region of Africa. He notices, that the housing problem in Africa is one of the challenges, which should be solved in order to recover life dignity of African people and secure their rights to traditional family life in acceptable conditions. The paper describes the studies on the typical dispersed urban structures and the need to foster this type of settlement structure and proposals of introduction of new on light steel frame housing system in the area of Sahel, combining the traditional way of building houses with modern technology. The particularly analysed case, is the housing problem in the Republic of Chad. The author presents the basic discussion on this topic and his architectural proposals. Unfortunately, the gap between the needs and the financial feasibility of housing construction in this area, makes this project already at the starting point extremely difficult to be realized without external subventions.Problem mieszkaniowy w Afryce jest jednym z wyzwań, które należy rozwiązać, aby Afrykanie mogli odzyskać godność życiową i zabezpieczyć swoje prawa do tradycyjnego życia rodzinnego w akceptowalnych warunkach. W artykule opisano badania nad typowymi rozproszonymi strukturami miejskimi i potrzebą wspierania tego typu struktur osadniczych oraz propozycji wprowadzenia nowego systemu konstrukcji domów, opartym na lekkim szkielecie stalowym, łączącym tradycyjny sposób budowania domów z nowoczesną technologią. Przypadkiem szczególnie analizowanym jest problem mieszkaniowy w Republice Czadu. Autor przedstawia podstawową dyskusję na ten temat i swoje propozycje architektoniczne. Niestety luka między potrzebami mieszkaniowymi w Czadzie a finansową wykonalnością budownictwa mieszkaniowego w tym obszarze sprawia, że projekt ten, już w punkcie wyjścia, jest niezwykle trudny do realizacji bez uzyskania zewnętrznych dotacji
Seeing the world anew : the radical vision of Martin Waldseemüller's 1507 & 1516 world maps /
No full text9781929154470 (ISBN). 192915447X (ISBN). First edition 2012. Accompanied by 2 foldeds map in front and back pockets: 1507 map -- 1516 map.; Includes bibliographical references: pages 98-107.; Maps from pockets also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn6254227; Original version of the 1507 map: Universalis cosmographiae secundum Ptholomaei traditionem et Americi Vespucii alioru que lustrationes. [St. Dié, France? : s.n., 1507]; Original version of the 1516 map: Carta marina, navigatoria Portugallen, navigationes atque tocius cogniti orbis terre marisque formam naturamq[u]e situs et terminos nostris temporibus recognitos et ab antiquorum traditione differentes eciam quor[um] vetusti non meminerunt auctores hec generaliter indicat / consumatum est in oppido S. Deodati compositione et digestione Martini Waldseemuller Ilacomili. [St. Dié, France? : s.n., 1516]. Prologue: In a Renaissance Vision, a Glimpse of the Modern / John W. Hessler -- "An island surrounded on all sides by sea" : The World Map, 1507 / John W. Hessler -- "Land of Cuba, part of Asia" : The Carta marina, 1516 / Chet Van Duzer -- Epilogue: A Renaissance That Resonates Still / John W. Hessler -- Notes -- Afterword / Ralph E. Ehrenberg -- About the authors -- Acknowledgments -- The Maps: The 1507 World Map, 12 sheets, with commentary -- Composite: front pocket -- The 1516 Carta marina, 13 sheets, with commentary -- Composite: back pocket
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