1,720,983 research outputs found
Approccio periareolare totale nella chirurgia conservativa della mammella
No full text[Total periareolar approach in breast-conserving surgery].
[Article in Italian]
Amanti C, Regolo L, Moscaroli A, Lo Russo M, Catracchia V.
Source
Università La Sapienza, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Policlinico Sant'Andrea, Roma.
Abstract
Plastic and oncological breast surgery have to be considered as two aspects of the same treatment. The term "oncoplastic surgery" refers to the use of plastic surgery techniques in breast cancer surgery, in order to avoid and to correct the adverse aesthetic findings. The care of cosmetic sequelae of breast cancer surgery has reached an important therapeutic role for psychological consequences of disease and because of the higher patients expectations of a good aesthetic result. Considering the concept of oncoplastic surgery, since 1999 the authors began to use a periareolar approach in the breast conserving therapy (BCT), associated to axillary dissection performed through the same periareolar incision. This technique is not different from the traditional quadrantectomy in the extension of the glandular resection, while the skin may be preserved in according to the conventional protocols of BCT. Oncological and aesthetic results have proved to be safe and satisfactory.
PMID: 12903581 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
The anticancer activity of strawberry
No full textCancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the failure of chemo- A nd radiotherapy is most responsible for this, due to drug resistance or adverse reactions. For this reason, investigating the antitumour effect of natural compounds alone or in combination with common chemotherapy drugs is getting really interesting. During carcinogenesis, the neoplastic formation process is attributable to different events, many of which are related to phenomena of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and thus to damages to biological macromolecules, especially nucleic acids. Therefore, studying the effect of some food matrices that have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties is a goal for many researchers. Among the different fruits, strawberry has several bioactive phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, anthocyanins and ellagitannins, with proven biological activities; their presence has led many researches to investigate its antitumour activity in different types of cancer, both in in vitro and in vivo models. The purpose of this work is therefore to show the latest finding about this topic
Conservative treatment of breast cancer and axillary dissection using a periareolar approach
No full textBarcellona Spagn
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Characterization of the nutritional and phytochemical content of 'Romina' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and evaluation of its cytotoxic effects on ovarian cancer cells
No full textOvarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality in women in developed areas and, unfortunately, the overall survival rate at 5 years is lower than 50%. Even though most women have successful initial therapy, the low rate of survival is due to eventual recurrence and succumbing to the disease. The treatment for ovarian cancer is still unsatisfactory, and new treatments for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer are needed. Several studies have demonstrated that dietary bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, are associated with a reduced risk of several types of cancer. For these reasons, the potential application of these natural compounds in the development of therapeutic agents for cancer treatment and/or for their use as valuable additive or nutritional supplements to prevent cancer risk has gained increasing importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensorial, nutritional and phytochemical content, as well as the total antioxidant capacity, of 'Romina' strawberry cultivar (Fragraria ananassa); in addition, the cytotoxic effects on ovarian cancer cell line (NIH:OVCAR-3) has been assessed by treating cells with a wide range of strawberry extract (0-10 mg mL-1) for 24, 48 and 72 h. Results showed a good value of soluble solids and firmness, as well as a low value of titratable acidity of the strawberry extract. 'Romina' fruits showed also a good total antioxidant capacity and a high content of total phenolics, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins, and a good levels of vitamins C and B9. Regarding the experiments with cells, we evaluated the inhibition of cell growth by 50% (IC50): After 24 h of treatment, the IC50 was 19.63 μg mL-1, after 48 h the IC50 was 10.22 μg mL-1 and after 72 h the IC50 was 8.26 μg mL-1. These promising results are encouraging to deeper the anticancer effects of strawberry extract
The preventive effect of strawberries against the onset of common human diseases induced by oxidative stress
No full textA diet rich in fruits and vegetables is closely related with the prevention against the development of various pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ageing-related disorders, especially thanks to the high content of bioactive compounds with a high antioxidant activity. Strawberry possesses numerous micronutrients such as vitamins (vitamin C, folate) and minerals (K, P, Ca), but also a high amount of non-nutrients components such as polyphenols, especially flavonoids (anthocyanins and ellagitannins are the most common). The biological activity of phytochemical compounds has been widely demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo; the preventive role of these are mainly due to their capacity to protect biological macromolecules against oxidative damage, limiting the production of free radicals or detoxifying them. The main purpose of this work is to summarize the latest findings about the potential preventive effect of strawberry against the onset of neoplastic, cardiovascular and neuro-degenerative diseases
Antioxidant effects of strawberry extract on HepG2 stressed with an oxidant agent
No full textA common denominator in the pathogenesis of most common chronic diseases is the involvement of oxidative stress, defined as a persistent imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses. When the production of ROS exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defenses, oxidative stress may arise, damaging the functional and structural integrity of cellular macromolecules, such as lipids, proteins and DNA. A strategy to alleviate oxidative damage could be the use of natural antioxidants derived from diet. In this context, strawberries (Fragaria ~ ananassa Duch.) possess a remarkable nutritional composition in terms of micronutrients such as minerals, vitamin C and folates, and non-nutrient elements, like phenolic compounds, that are essential for human health by exerting antioxidant effects. The overall goal of the present study was to investigate the potential of a polyphenol-rich strawberry extract to protect against oxidative stress. The strawberry extract was characterized for its nutritional and phytochemical contents, as well as for its antioxidant capacity. HepG2 cells were treated with 100 μg mL-1strawberry extract and then were stressed with 10 mM AAPH for 24 h to induce oxidative stress and cell viability, apoptosis rate, intracellular ROS and nitric oxide (NO) levels were assessed. Results showed that strawberry extract had a high content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins and a relevant total antioxidant capacity. In addition, a significant improvement in cell viability and apoptosis rate was found in cells treated with strawberry and stressed with AAPH, as well as a relevant decrease in intracellular ROS and NO levels. Our results confirm the capacity of strawberry extract to counteract oxidative stress, highlighting the utmost importance to plan and develop an in vivo study, in order to obtain a comprehensive description of the efficacy of strawberry bioactive compounds in oxidative stress-related diseases and elucidate their mechanisms of action
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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