1,721,211 research outputs found
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of PCI for Stable Angina
No full textIn the editorial accompanying the article by Rajkumar and colleagues (Dec. 21 issue)1 on the results of the ORBITA-2 trial involving the use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable angina, White2 begins with a flawed premise: “The primary aim of treating patients with stable angina is to decrease symptoms and improve quality of life.” That is not the primary aim of treating these patients. Relieving angina is important, but the real priority in the management of stable angina is the provision of appropriate medical therapy to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death. Thus, we continue our orbit around PCI. Many patients undergo stent implantation at the same time that we have not made the systematic changes that are necessary to ensure that every patient receives appropriate medical therapy. That is what must be changed.
The follow-up of the ORBITA-2 trial lasted only 12 weeks, and the between-group differences in the frequency of angina were modest. Five years into the COURAGE trial,3 74% of patients in the PCI group and 72% of those in the medical-therapy group were free from angina. The new orbit? Appropriate medical therapy first, followed by PCI if angina is not sufficiently relieved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
“Neuromonitoring as an alternative to awake intubation in uncooperative patients at risk for cervical spine injury”
No full textSystemic and Cardiac Microvascular Dysfunction in Hypertension
Full text linkHypertension exerts a profound impact on the microcirculation, causing both structural and functional alterations that contribute to systemic and organ-specific vascular damage. The microcirculation, comprising arterioles, capillaries, and venules with diameters smaller than 20 μm, plays a fundamental role in oxygen delivery, nutrient exchange, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. In the context of hypertension, microvascular remodeling and rarefaction result in reduced vessel density and elasticity, increasing vascular resistance and driving end-organ damage. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hypertensive microvascular dysfunction include endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and excessive collagen deposition. These changes impair nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and promote inflammation and fibrosis. These processes lead to progressive vascular stiffening and dysfunction, with significant implications for multiple organs, including the heart, kidneys, brain, and retina. This review underscores the pivotal role of microvascular dysfunction in hypertension-related complications and highlights the importance of early detection and therapeutic interventions. Strategies aimed at optimizing blood pressure control, improving endothelial function, and targeting oxidative stress and vascular remodeling are critical to mitigating the systemic consequences of hypertensive microvascular damage and reducing the burden of related cardiovascular and renal diseases
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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