2,566 research outputs found
TRANSPARENCY IN ITALIAN NON PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
No full textThe aim of the paper is to evaluate the accountability and transparency of Italian non profits organizations. The main goal is to understand if a general accountability or transparency problem, or a systematic publicity deficit, exist in the third sector in Italy. Non profit organizations have an ethical obligation to their stakeholder and to the public to conduct their activities with accountability and transparency. Non profit organizations should regularly and openly convey information to the stakeholder about their vision, mission, objectives, activities, accomplishments, decision-making processes and organizational structure. Information from a non profit organization should be easily accessible to the stakeholder and should create external visibility, public understanding and trust in the organization, conditions necessary to find donors. Non profit organizations work with communities and community donors need to know how their money is used. In the first part the analysis of the definition of transparency and accountability is made and the sustainability report like an important instrument of communication is considered. In the second part an empirical research is presented. The Italian law allows taxpayers to devote 5 per thousand of their income tax to non profit organizations, choosing between charities, social promotion associations, recognized associations, entities dedicated to scientific research and health care, universities, municipal social services and other non profit organizations. The present study present a quantitative research and it’s based on an empirical analysis of non-profit organizations that receive this donation in Italy in the year 2010 and 2011. In the paper we analyze the transparency and the accountability of the top 100 non profit organizations that have received the contribution of 5 per thousand, checking whether they prepare their Sustainability Report or any other kind of report for communicate the use of funds received. The new research was based on one previous research (Gazzola and Ratti, 2013) but we compared the data of the year 2010 with the date of 2011. Statistical method is applied for the purpose of this study. The analysis on the transparency and accountability in non profit organizations clearly requires further study, yet the results obtained in this study allow us to offer various reflections and encourages us to continue in this research because non profit organizations must increase their transparency
Implementing CSR strategy in non profit organizations, the role of Sustainability report
No full textIl punto di vista dell’Università. LA RICERCA DELLA SOSTENIBILITA’ ATTRAVERSO LA SPERIMENTAZIONE NEL CAMPO DELLE TECNICHE DI LAVORAZIONE DEI MATERIALI COMPOSITI.
No full textA Rapid Protocol of Crude RNA/DNA Extraction for RT-qPCR Detection and Quantification
No full textMost of the molecular diagnostic protocols used for phytoplasmas detection are based on the purification of total nucleic acids and on the use of genomic DNA of the pathogen as the target of amplification. Here we describe a diagnostic approach that, avoiding the purification of nucleic acids and exploiting the amplification of the abundant phytoplasma ribosomal RNA molecules produced during the infectious process, allows reducing the time and the costs necessary for the analysis, without affecting sensitivity and specificity. This is useful in particular when high numbers of analyses are required, as in certification programs, to monitor phytoplasmas classified as quarantine or quality pathogens. The protocol here described can be used for the detection and quantification of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, Ca. P. pyri, Ca. P. prunorum, Ca. P. vitis, and Ca. P. solani by qPCR, RT-qPCR, ddPCR, and ddRT-PCR techniques based on TaqMan chemistry
Submicron CMOS technologies for low-noise analog front-end Circuits
No full textThis paper presents a study of the noise behavior of submicron CMOS transistors, in view of applications to high-density mixed-signal front-end systems for high-granularity detectors. The goal of this work is extending the knowledge in this field, presently focused on 0.25 -um processes, to the following generation of CMOS technologies (with 0.18 -um minimum gate length). The white component of the noise voltage spectrum, which is most important for fast signal processing, and the 1/f noise contribution are experimentally characterized with noise measurements in a wide frequency range. The results of this analysis are used to establish low-noise design criteria concerning the choice of the polarity and of the channel dimensions (length and width) of the preamplifier input device in low-power operating conditions. A comparison with similar noise measurements on CMOS devices belonging to a 0.35 -um process allows estimating the impact of gate-length scaling on both white and 1/f noise components. The noise radiation tolerance is also a key parameter for many front-end systems. It was evaluated by exposing the devices to high doses of ionizing radiation
Instrumentation for noise measurements on CMOS transistors for fast detector preamplifiers
No full textHigh-density high-speed CMOS and BiCMOS technologies are today widely used for the design of readout integrated circuits for room-temperature X- and gamma-ray imaging detectors. This paper describes a laboratory instrument that was developed to characterize the noise performances of CMOS devices to be used for high-speed analog signal processing. This instrument extends the noise-measuring capabilities beyond 100 MHz to detect the white noise component beyond the 1/f noise corner frequency, which in shorter channel devices shifts to higher values as compared to long-channel transistors
Discriminators in 65 nm CMOS process for high granularity, high time resolution pixel detectors
No full textEquipment selection and evaluation approach for an adaptable assembly line
No full textIn an evolving manufacturing sector, decisions about production systems design, reconfiguration and management are critical tasks. In addition, the rapid evolution and underlying uncertainty of market conditions, make these decisions more important and capital intensive. In this paper, we focus our attention on the equipment selection in an adaptable assembly cell where different easy-changeable hardware modules can be arranged around a skeleton architecture to provide different assembly technologies with different execution modes and performances. In this paper we present the architectural framework of a procedure defining the different sequencing of the tasks in relation to alternative execution modes, a possible skeleton architecture and a procedure that, given the selection of the equipment, provides the evaluation of the associated performance to be compared against the capability requests, expressed in terms of volumes and mix of the products. The modularity provided by the considered architecture is also exploited through the possibility of a fast setup of the assembly line, thus allowing the rearrangement and substitution of the different hardware modules to cope with the production of different parts. Both equipment cost and performance are taken into consideration to identify the most promising configurations. A testing of the approach through the application to a realistic case is also provided
Dynamic Compression of the Signal in a Charge Sensitive Amplifier: From Concept to Design
No full textThis work is concerned with the design of a low-noise Charge Sensitive Amplifier featuring a dynamic signal compression based on the non-linear features of an inversion-mode MOS capacitor. These features make the device suitable for applications where a non-linear characteristic of the front-end is required, such as in imaging instrumentation for free electron laser experiments. The aim of the paper is to discuss a methodology for the proper design of the feedback network enabling the dynamic signal compression. Starting from this compression solution, the design of a low-noise Charge Sensitive Amplifier is also discussed. The study has been carried out by referring to a 65 nm CMOS technology
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