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How the private label can be managed by small and medium sized retailers: an Italian case study
No full textn recent years there has been a dramatic improvement of the retailers’ own label product performance, arisen from an extension both of existing and new product lines covered.
As consequence of advantages connected to the employment of a private label (Cole, 1955; Brosselin, 1979), not only big sized companies, but also small and medium sized retailers have implemented their own brand-based policy.
Therefore, it can be highlighted that smaller companies must face some limits about the organizational, financial and strategic aspects, forcing them to adopt different strategies, based for instance, on private label of the “non-store brand” type. With this term special reference will be made to private label where labelling does not contain any mention of the retailer’s sign.
In order to verify how a “non-store brand” can be implemented in the medium and small sized retailers’ marketing mix, an Italian case of study has been analysed. A focus on the consumer behaviour is made, since it represents a fundamental factor for the determination of a private label’s development potentiality (Holbrook and Hirschman, 1982; Simonson et al., 2001).
In an attempt to verify which is the level of maturity of the Italian small and medium sized retailing companies, a comparison with the European retailing model could be made.
Both the Italian and the International literature are analysed, with the purpose to underline some potential existing differences and common features between diverse markets. A primary data gathering is needed, with the aim to explain the consumer awareness and fulfilment referred to the private label products, as shown in the case study.
The findings of this research show that medium and small sized retailers are aware of the need to share investments arising from a private label development by joining a Buying Group, or similar organizations, aimed to get economies of scale, economies of replication and economies of scope (McGoldrick, 2002).
The hypothesis that is developed in this paper refers to the small sized retailers’ ability to get high performance by implementing a private label of the “non-store brand” type
What development opportunities are there for a private label in purchasing groups?
No full textCon M.C. Alunno-S. Cardinali-C. Rasicc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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