1,721,011 research outputs found
Changes and differences in couples’ adjustment to breast cancer : role of psychosocial variables and mutual influence of both members of the dyad
No full textIntroduction : Les premiers mois qui suivent un diagnostic de cancer du sein représentent un temps critique pour les patientes et leur partenaire. Les objectifs de cette étude sont de décrire l’évolution de variables psychosociales et d’examiner les effets individuels et dyadiques de ces variables sur l’ajustement des couples. Méthode : 83 patientes atteintes d’un cancer et 76 couples touchés par cette maladie ont été rencontrés au début, au milieu et à la fin du traitement, puis 1, 3 et 6 mois après la fin du traitement. Ils ont complété des mesures de contrôle émotionnel, de détresse psychologique, de qualité de vie, d’ajustement dyadique, de soutien social et de coping face à la maladie. Résultats: Les résultats montrent que les sujets rapportent des niveaux élevés d’anxiété, avec un court déclin pour les patientes durant le traitement. Le soutien social, l’esprit combatif et les préoccupations diminuent avec le temps.En utilisant l’Actor and Partner Interdependence Model, nos résultats révèlent que la détresse psychologique, le contrôle émotionnel, le soutien social négatif et les stratégies de coping émotionnelles ont des effets acteurs et partenaires négatifs sur l’ajustement des patientes et des conjoints, et que l’ajustement dyadique et le soutien social ont des effets acteurs et partenaires positifs sur ce même ajustement. De plus, la détresse psychologique des patientes, le soutien social négatif et les stratégies de coping émotionnelles jouent un rôle positif et significatif sur l’ajustement des partenaires. Le soutien social a des effets acteurs et partenaires sur le choix des stratégies de coping. Conclusion : Ces résultats montrent l’importance de combiner les approches transactionnelle individuelle et systémique. Les résultats suggèrent également que les couples pourraient bénéficier d’interventions qui augmentent le soutien social et les compétences de communication et qui aident à gérer la détresse psychologique.Introduction: The first months following breast cancer diagnosis is a critical period for patients and their partners. The objectives of the study were to describe the course of psychosocial variables and to examine the individual and dyadic effects of these variables on the adjustment of couples.Method: 83 breast cancer patients and 76 couples dealing with breast cancer were interviewed at the biginning, half way through, at the end of the treatment, and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment completion. They completed measures of emotional control, psychological distress, quality of life, dyadic adjustment, social support and coping.Results: Results showed that subjects endured high levels of anxiety, with a short decline for women during treatment. Social support, fighting spirit and anxious preoccupations decreased over time.Using the Actor and Partner Interdependence Model, results revealed that psychological distress, emotional control, negative social support and emotional coping strategies had similar negative actor and partner effects on respective adjustment, and that dyadic adjustment and social support had similar positive actor and partner effects on patients’ and partners’ adjustment. Patient’s psychological distress, negative social support and emotional coping strategies play significant and positive roles in partner’s adjustment. Social support had actor and partner effects on choices of coping strategies.Conclusion: These findings show the importance of combining individual transactional and systemic approaches. Results also suggest that couples may benefit from interventions that enhance social support and communications skills and manage psychological distress
Therapeutic education for patients in dialysis : effects of therapeutic patient education program in out-dialysis units on adherence, quality of life, anxiety and depression with transactional approach
No full textIntroduction : Le traitement de la dialyse entraîne de nombreux bouleversements dans la vie du patient et nécessite d’adhérer à nombreuses recommandations. L’éducation thérapeutique, prise en charge en plein essor dans la maladie chronique, consiste à accompagner les patients dans leur parcours de soin et à les aider à acquérir des connaissances et des compétences pour vivre au mieux leur vie avec leur maladie. Ainsi, l’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’impact d’un programme d’éducation thérapeutique mis en place auprès de patients en auto-dialyse. Méthode : Le programme était composé de cinq interventions collectives (représentations et vécu de la dialyse, alimentation, protection de l’abord vasculaire, prise des médicaments et satisfaction). 125 patients ont participé à l’étude (64 dans le groupe expérimental et 61 dans le groupe contrôle). Plusieurs issues (adhésion thérapeutique, qualité de vie, état anxio-dépressif) et variables médiatrices ont été mesurées (connaissances, sentiment d’auto-efficacité, stratégies de coping, etc.) avant le programme, à la fin du programme éducatif et trois mois après. Résultats : Les résultats n’ont pas montré d’effet direct du programme sur l’adhésion thérapeutique, la qualité de vie et l’anxiété. Par contre, une augmentation des symptômes dépressifs a été observée dans le groupe expérimental, sans induire d’état dépressif. Des analyses de médiations ont précisé que l’augmentation des connaissances sur l’abord vasculaire expliquait l’effet de l’éducation thérapeutique sur les symptômes dépressifs. Les résultats ont également montré que le sentiment d’auto-efficacité vis-à-vis du suivi des recommandations alimentaires diminuait chez les patients du groupe expérimental à la fin du programme. Des analyses supplémentaires ont indiqué que ce changement prédisait d’autres évolutions comme la diminution de l’adhésion thérapeutique et une augmentation de l’anxiété. Conclusion : Ces principaux résultats montrent la nécessité d’améliorer les interventions d’éducation thérapeutique auprès des patients en dialyse en adaptant la transmission des connaissances au quotidien et en travaillant davantage sur l’amélioration du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et aussi les stratégies de coping, c’est-à-dire d’avoir une action plus ciblée sur les variables médiatrices.Introduction: Dialysis entails numerous alterations in the life of the patient and requires adhering to many recommendations. Therapeutic Patient Education helps patients acquire knowledge and skills to manage their life with a chronic disease in the best possible way. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a therapeutic educational program for dialysis patients in an out-center. Methods: The program consisted of five group sessions concerning the representations and personal experience of the dialysis, dietary regimen, protection of vascular access, taking of medicines and satisfaction about the program. The study included 125 subjects (64 in the experimental group and 61 in the control group). Several criteria (adherence, quality of life, anxiety, depression) and mediating variables were measured (knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, coping strategies, etc.) before the program, at the end and three months after the end of the program. Results: The program had no effect on adherence, quality of life and anxiety. On the other hand, an increase in depressive symptoms was observed in the experimental group, without inferring a depressive state. Analyses of mediations showed that the increase in knowledge regarding vascular access explained the effect of therapeutic education on depressive symptoms. The results also showed that self-efficacy decreased in the experimental group after the five sessions. Additional analyses indicated that this change predicted other changes such as a decrease in dietary adherence and increased anxiety.Conclusion: These main results show the need for improving educational interventions with patients in dialysis by adapting the transmission of knowledge about everyday life, and especially by working more on improving the feeling of self-efficacy and the use of coping strategies
Emotional impact of regulations on burnout in geriatric nursing : the effects of Gineste and Marescotti method.
No full textL’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les impacts de la régulation émotionnelle sur l’épuisement professionnel des soignants en gériatrie et plus particulièrement en mesurant les effets de la méthode Gineste et Marescotti. Lors d’une première étude, nous avons observé les états émotionnels psychologiques et physiologiques induits par deux séquences de film chez 25 sujets. Au cours de deux autres études, nous avons étudié les liens entre les régulations émotionnelles au travail, les variables de personnalité, les variables dispositionnelles et les variables contextuelles puis le rôle des régulations émotionnelles au travail dans la prédiction de la détresse psychologique chez 885 étudiants en IFSI et IFAS et dans la prédiction du burnout chez 157 professionnels en gériatrie. Enfin une quatrième étude nous a permis d’étudier les impacts de la méthode Gineste et Marescotti sur un échantillon de soignants en gériatrie. Les résultats montrent que la dissonance émotionnelle génère un stress signalé par une augmentation de la fréquence cardiaque. Le jeu en surface et le jeu en profondeur dépendent à la fois des caractéristiques de personnalité, des stratégies de régulations émotionnelles dispositionnelles et des prescriptions internes et externes, mais pas des stratégies de coping. De plus, le travail émotionnel contribue réellement à prédire le burnout mais pas la détresse psychologique. Enfin, la méthode agit sur les professionnels formés et satisfaits et plus spécifiquement sur le coping émotionnel, le jeu en surface, la demande psychologique, le burnout et le conflit de valeurs. La satisfaction associée à la capacité à mettre en œuvre la formation influence le burnout.The objective of this thesis is to study the impact of emotion regulation on burnout in geriatric nursing, especially in measuring the effects of Gineste and Marescotti method. In a first study we observed the psychological and physiological emotional states induced by two movie clips in 25 subjects. In two other studies we investigated the relationship between emotional regulation at work, personality variables , dispositional variables and contextual variables and the role of emotional regulation at work in the prediction of psychological distress among 885 students IFSI and IFAS and the prediction of burnout among 157 professionals in geriatrics. Finally, a fourth study, we study the impacts of Gineste and Marescotti method on a sample of geriatric caregivers. The results show that emotional dissonance creates a stress indicated by an increase in heart rate. The surface acting and deep acting depend on both the characteristics of personality, emotional regulation strategies dispositional and internal and external requirements but not coping strategies. In addition, the emotional labour actually helps predict burnout but not psychological distress. Finally, the method is trained and satisfied on the level of emotional coping professionals, surface acting, psychological demand, burnout and conflict of values. Satisfaction associated with the ability to implement training influences burnout
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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