1,720,999 research outputs found
Nomine, rapporti con i poteri politici e legittimazione delle Corti costituzionali: esperienze di Civil Law
No full textThe article provides a comparative assessment of elections and appointments of Constitutional Courts belonging to Civil Law jurisdictions, namely, Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. It elaborates an original taxonomy of the different mechanisms and focuses on specific “minor” elements that shall not be underestimated, such as prorogatio, selection of the chief justice, or control of the requirements. It examines from a comparative perspective the major issues related to the parliamentary election of justices (delays and political partitions), election by the judiciary, cooptation, and presidential appointment. Adopting such bottom-up approach, it addresses whether praxis counts more than formal rules
Concluding Remarks
No full textThe text examines the current challenges of citizenship in times of algorithmic democracy from a comparative perspective
El guardián de las elecciones. El control electoral en perspectiva comparada
Full text linkEn los últimos años, los resultados de las elecciones han sido cuestionados en muchos países europeos y extra-europeos, de Italia a Venezuela, de los Estados Unidos a México y Ucrania, entre otros. El estudio del control sobre los procedimientos electorales adquiere entonces un importante relieve práctico, además de teórico, porque el control “neutral” de los resultados electorales representa un factor esencial para la legitimación democrática de los Gobiernos y de las mayorías parlamentarias. El volumen afronta esta temática en una perspectiva comparada amplia dado que investiga las soluciones “clásicas” ofrecidas por los ordenamientos europeos y los EE.UU., junto a instrumentos poco conocidos en Europa, que han encontrado en las democracias en vías de desarrollo un terreno fecundo de experimentación y por esto, con un enfoque no meramente euro-céntrica, pueden ser estudiados como modelos destinados a la importación. Se trata de Tribunales con competencia especializada, que en las formulaciones más extremas se sitúan (a veces incluso con normas de rango constitucional) fuera de los tradicionales poderes del Estado (“poder electoral”)
Efficientamento dei sistemi di digestione anaerobica
Full text linkObiettivo generale della ricerca è la realizzazione di un reattore anaerobico sperimentale che, al fine di incrementare il livello termico complessivo, verrà realizzato all'interno di una serra dotata di un impianto di recupero del calore attraverso scambiatori che permettano il controllo delle temperature interne. Il circuito sarà realizzato col fine di conseguire una accelerazione dei processi di idrolisi e acidogenesi, di acetogenesi e di metanogenesi a carico della frazione liquida del rifiuto organico proveniente dalla raccolta differenziata dei rifiuti urbani di piccole e grandi utenze. Il recupero di calore sarà favorito anche dalla combustione del biogas e dalla sezione di compostaggio.
Nella prima fase della ricerca, sono stati simulati gli andamenti dei processi di digestione anaerobica, che vengono qui presentati. Le simulazioni condotte hanno permesso di evidenziare una maggiore efficienza del processo di digestione condotto a 48°C. L'efficienza è stata determinata in ordine agli aspetti quantitativi della produzione del biogas.
Sulla base di tali risultati preliminare si potrà quindi procedere con la realizzazione dell'impianto pilota, provvisto anche di una sezione per il compostaggio della matrice pre-lavorata e digestata, con il quale si potrà monitorare la produzione e la qualità del biogas in presenza di condizionamenti appositamente predisposti in un ambiente termofilo
La Ley de Regiones colombiana de 2019: Reflexiones desde las contribuciones al derecho constitucional comparado de la descentralización
Full text linkQuesto contributo analizza, in prospettiva comparata, la legge sulle Regioni approvata recentemente in Colombia (2019). Gli autori affrontano, innanzitutto, l’evoluzione del decentramento, spiegando quali tipologie di enti territoriali sono state istituite negli anni, con particolare riguardo alle funzioni amministrative e di pianificazione. Esaminano, poi, il quadro costituzionale del 1991 e propongono una ricostruzione delle caratteristiche essenziali del nuovo sistema regionale colombiano. Il paragrafo conclusivo indaga se detta disciplina porti o meno verso un nuovo modello aperto di decentramento, attraverso la comparazione con i casi italiano e spagnolo (dove vige un decentramento regionale di natura politica) e francese (dove si riscontra un modello debole, di carattere amministrativo). In conclusione, il caso colombiano viene inserito in un quadro comparato al fine di comprendere perché combina e sovrappone diversi meccanismi di decentramento, per ragioni storiche, sociali, geografiche e giuridiche.This paper analyses the recently approved “law of Regions” of Colombia (2019) from a comparative perspective. The authors first examine how decentralization has evolved so far, explaining which kinds of territorial entities had been established through the years, focusing on their role concerning administration and planification. The constitutional framework of 1991 is then presented in the paper, before the reconstruction of the main features of the new Colombian regional system. The final section of the paper investigates whether this piece of legislation leads to a new open model of decentralization, contrasting it to the Italian, Spanish (proper political decentralization through regionalism) and French (weak, administrative regionalism) cases. In the conclusion, the Colombian case is put into a comparative landscape, in order to explain why it mixes and overlaps different mechanisms for decentralization due to historical, social, geographical and legal grounds
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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